OAuth 2.0 Token Exchange
RFC 8693
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) M. Jones
Request for Comments: 8693 A. Nadalin
Category: Standards Track Microsoft
ISSN: 2070-1721 B. Campbell, Ed.
Ping Identity
J. Bradley
Yubico
C. Mortimore
Visa
January 2020
OAuth 2.0 Token Exchange
Abstract
This specification defines a protocol for an HTTP- and JSON-based
Security Token Service (STS) by defining how to request and obtain
security tokens from OAuth 2.0 authorization servers, including
security tokens employing impersonation and delegation.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8693.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1. Delegation vs. Impersonation Semantics
1.2. Requirements Notation and Conventions
1.3. Terminology
2. Token Exchange Request and Response
2.1. Request
2.1.1. Relationship between Resource, Audience, and Scope
2.2. Response
2.2.1. Successful Response
2.2.2. Error Response
2.3. Example Token Exchange
3. Token Type Identifiers
4. JSON Web Token Claims and Introspection Response Parameters
4.1. "act" (Actor) Claim
4.2. "scope" (Scopes) Claim
4.3. "client_id" (Client Identifier) Claim
4.4. "may_act" (Authorized Actor) Claim
5. Security Considerations
6. Privacy Considerations
7. IANA Considerations
7.1. OAuth URI Registration
7.2. OAuth Parameters Registration
7.3. OAuth Access Token Type Registration
7.4. JSON Web Token Claims Registration
7.5. OAuth Token Introspection Response Registration
8. References
8.1. Normative References
8.2. Informative References
Appendix A. Additional Token Exchange Examples
A.1. Impersonation Token Exchange Example
A.1.1. Token Exchange Request
A.1.2. Subject Token Claims
A.1.3. Token Exchange Response
A.1.4. Issued Token Claims
A.2. Delegation Token Exchange Example
A.2.1. Token Exchange Request
A.2.2. Subject Token Claims
A.2.3. Actor Token Claims
A.2.4. Token Exchange Response
A.2.5. Issued Token Claims
Acknowledgements
Authors' Addresses
1. Introduction
A security token is a set of information that facilitates the sharing
of identity and security information in heterogeneous environments or
across security domains. Examples of security tokens include JSON
Web Tokens (JWTs) [JWT] and Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML)
2.0 assertions [OASIS.saml-core-2.0-os]. Security tokens are
typically signed to achieve integrity and sometimes also encrypted to
achieve confidentiality. Security tokens are also sometimes
described as assertions, such as in [RFC7521].
A Security Token Service (STS) is a service capable of validating
security tokens provided to it and issuing new security tokens in
response, which enables clients to obtain appropriate access
credentials for resources in heterogeneous environments or across
security domains. Web Service clients have used WS-Trust [WS-Trust]
as the protocol to interact with an STS for token exchange. While
WS-Trust uses XML and SOAP, the trend in modern Web development has
been towards RESTful (Representational State Transfer) patterns and
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