The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework: Bearer Token Usage
RFC 6750
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RFC - Proposed Standard
(October 2012; Errata)
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Authors |
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Michael Jones
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Dick Hardt
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Last updated |
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2018-04-27
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IETF
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plain text
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bibtex
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WG Document
Revised I-D Needed - Issue raised by WGLC
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Document shepherd |
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Hannes Tschofenig
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IESG |
IESG state |
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RFC 6750 (Proposed Standard)
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Consensus Boilerplate |
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Unknown
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Stephen Farrell
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(None)
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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) M. Jones
Request for Comments: 6750 Microsoft
Category: Standards Track D. Hardt
ISSN: 2070-1721 Independent
October 2012
The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework: Bearer Token Usage
Abstract
This specification describes how to use bearer tokens in HTTP
requests to access OAuth 2.0 protected resources. Any party in
possession of a bearer token (a "bearer") can use it to get access to
the associated resources (without demonstrating possession of a
cryptographic key). To prevent misuse, bearer tokens need to be
protected from disclosure in storage and in transport.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6750.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Jones & Hardt Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 6750 OAuth 2.0 Bearer Token Usage October 2012
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ....................................................2
1.1. Notational Conventions .....................................3
1.2. Terminology ................................................3
1.3. Overview ...................................................3
2. Authenticated Requests ..........................................4
2.1. Authorization Request Header Field .........................5
2.2. Form-Encoded Body Parameter ................................5
2.3. URI Query Parameter ........................................6
3. The WWW-Authenticate Response Header Field ......................7
3.1. Error Codes ................................................9
4. Example Access Token Response ..................................10
5. Security Considerations ........................................10
5.1. Security Threats ..........................................10
5.2. Threat Mitigation .........................................11
5.3. Summary of Recommendations ................................13
6. IANA Considerations ............................................14
6.1. OAuth Access Token Type Registration ......................14
6.1.1. The "Bearer" OAuth Access Token Type ...............14
6.2. OAuth Extensions Error Registration .......................14
6.2.1. The "invalid_request" Error Value ..................14
6.2.2. The "invalid_token" Error Value ....................15
6.2.3. The "insufficient_scope" Error Value ...............15
7. References .....................................................15
7.1. Normative References ......................................15
7.2. Informative References ....................................17
Appendix A. Acknowledgements ......................................18
1. Introduction
OAuth enables clients to access protected resources by obtaining an
access token, which is defined in "The OAuth 2.0 Authorization
Framework" [RFC6749] as "a string representing an access
authorization issued to the client", rather than using the resource
owner's credentials directly.
Tokens are issued to clients by an authorization server with the
approval of the resource owner. The client uses the access token to
access the protected resources hosted by the resource server. This
specification describes how to make protected resource requests when
the OAuth access token is a bearer token.
This specification defines the use of bearer tokens over HTTP/1.1
[RFC2616] using Transport Layer Security (TLS) [RFC5246] to access
protected resources. TLS is mandatory to implement and use with this
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