BGP-4 Protocol Analysis
RFC 4274
Document | Type | RFC - Informational (January 2006; Errata) | |
---|---|---|---|
Authors | David Meyer , Keyur Patel | ||
Last updated | 2018-12-20 | ||
Stream | IETF | ||
Formats | plain text html pdf htmlized bibtex | ||
Stream | WG state | (None) | |
Document shepherd | No shepherd assigned | ||
IESG | IESG state | RFC 4274 (Informational) | |
Action Holders |
(None)
|
||
Consensus Boilerplate | Unknown | ||
Telechat date | |||
Responsible AD | Alex Zinin | ||
Send notices to | shares@nexthop.com, yakov@juniper.net |
Network Working Group D. Meyer Request for Comments: 4274 K. Patel Category: Informational Cisco Systems January 2006 BGP-4 Protocol Analysis Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006). Abstract The purpose of this report is to document how the requirements for publication of a routing protocol as an Internet Draft Standard have been satisfied by Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP-4). This report satisfies the requirement for "the second report", as described in Section 6.0 of RFC 1264. In order to fulfill the requirement, this report augments RFC 1774 and summarizes the key features of BGP-4, as well as analyzes the protocol with respect to scaling and performance. Meyer & Patel Informational [Page 1] RFC 4274 BGP-4 Protocol Analysis January 2006 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................2 2. Key Features and Algorithms of BGP ..............................3 2.1. Key Features ...............................................3 2.2. BGP Algorithms .............................................4 2.3. BGP Finite State Machine (FSM) .............................4 3. BGP Capabilities ................................................5 4. BGP Persistent Peer Oscillations ................................6 5. Implementation Guidelines .......................................6 6. BGP Performance Characteristics and Scalability .................6 6.1. Link Bandwidth and CPU Utilization .........................7 7. BGP Policy Expressiveness and its Implications ..................9 7.1. Existence of Unique Stable Routings .......................10 7.2. Existence of Stable Routings ..............................11 8. Applicability ..................................................12 9. Acknowledgements ...............................................12 10. Security Considerations .......................................12 11. References ....................................................13 11.1. Normative References ....................................13 11.2. Informative References ..................................14 1. Introduction BGP-4 is an inter-autonomous system routing protocol designed for TCP/IP internets. Version 1 of BGP-4 was published in [RFC1105]. Since then, BGP versions 2, 3, and 4 have been developed. Version 2 was documented in [RFC1163]. Version 3 is documented in [RFC1267]. Version 4 is documented in [BGP4] (version 4 of BGP will hereafter be referred to as BGP). The changes between versions are explained in Appendix A of [BGP4]. Possible applications of BGP in the Internet are documented in [RFC1772]. BGP introduced support for Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) [RFC1519]. Because earlier versions of BGP lacked the support for CIDR, they are considered obsolete and unusable in today's Internet. The purpose of this report is to document how the requirements for publication of a routing protocol as an Internet Draft Standard have been satisfied by Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP-4). This report satisfies the requirement for "the second report", as described in Section 6.0 of [RFC1264]. In order to fulfill the requirement, this report augments [RFC1774] and summarizes the key features of BGP-4, as well as analyzes the protocol with respect to scaling and performance. Meyer & Patel Informational [Page 2] RFC 4274 BGP-4 Protocol Analysis January 2006 2. Key Features and Algorithms of BGP This section summarizes the key features and algorithms of BGP. BGP is an inter-autonomous system routing protocol; it is designed to be used between multiple autonomous systems. BGP assumes that routing within an autonomous system is done by an intra-autonomous system routing protocol. BGP also assumes that data packets are routed from source towards destination independent of the source. BGP does not make any assumptions about intra-autonomous system routing protocols deployed within the various autonomous systems. Specifically, BGP does not require all autonomous systems to run the same intra- autonomous system routing protocol (i.e., interior gateway protocol or IGP). Finally, note that BGP is a real inter-autonomous system routing protocol; and, as such, it imposes no constraints on the underlyingShow full document text