Network Working Group A. Takacs
Internet-Draft B. Gero
Intended status: Standards Track Ericsson
Expires: August 29, 2013 H. Long
Huawei
February 25, 2013
GMPLS RSVP-TE Extensions for Ethernet OAM Configuration
draft-ietf-ccamp-rsvp-te-eth-oam-ext-09
Abstract
The GMPLS controlled Ethernet Label Switching (GELS) work extended
GMPLS RSVP-TE to support the establishment of Ethernet LSPs. IEEE
Ethernet Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) specifies an adjunct OAM
flow to check connectivity in Ethernet networks. CFM can be also
used with Ethernet LSPs for fault detection and triggering recovery
mechanisms. The ITU-T Y.1731 specification builds on CFM and
specifies additional OAM mechanisms, including Performance
Monitoring, for Ethernet networks. This document specifies
extensions of GMPLS RSVP-TE to support the setup of the associated
Ethernet OAM entities of Ethernet LSPs, and defines the Ethernet
technology specific TLV based on [OAM-CONF-FWK].
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Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
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This Internet-Draft will expire on August 29, 2013.
Copyright Notice
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document authors. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Overview of Ethernet OAM operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. GMPLS RSVP-TE Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1. Operation overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. OAM Configuration TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3. Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3.1. MD Name Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3.2. Short MA Name Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3.3. MEP ID Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3.4. Continuity Check (CC) Sub-TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.4. Pro-active Performance Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.5. Ethernet OAM configuration errors . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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1. Background
Provider Backbone Bridging - Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) [IEEE]
decouples the Ethernet data and control planes, and allows external
control and management mechanisms to create explicitly routed
Ethernet connections. In addition, PBB-TE defines mechanisms for
protection switching of bidirectional Ethernet connections. Ethernet
Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) defines an adjunct connectivity
monitoring OAM flow to check the liveliness of Ethernet networks
[IEEE], including the monitoring of specific explicitly routed
Ethernet connections.
In IETF the GMPLS controlled Ethernet Label Switching (GELS) work
extended the GMPLS control plane to support the establishment of
explicitly routed Ethernet connections [RFC5828][RFC6060]. We refer
to GMPLS established Ethernet connections as Ethernet LSPs. GELS
enables the application of MPLS-TE and GMPLS provisioning and
recovery features in Ethernet networks.
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2. Overview of Ethernet OAM operation
For the purposes of this document, we only discuss those Ethernet OAM
[IEEE] aspects that are relevant for the connectivity monitoring of
Ethernet LSPs.
PBB-TE [IEEE] defines point-to-point Ethernet Switched Paths (ESPs)
as a provisioned traffic engineered unidirectional connectivity,
identified by the 3-tuple [ESP-MAC DA, ESP-MAC SA, ESP-VID], where
the ESP-MAC DA is the destination address of the ESP, the ESP-MAC SA
is the source address of the ESP, and the ESP-VID is a VLAN
identifier allocated for explicitly routed connections. To form a
bidirectional PBB-TE connection two co-routed point-to-point ESPs are
combined. The combined ESPs must have the same ESP-MAC addresses but
may have different ESP-VIDs.
Note that although it would be possible to use GMPLS to setup a
single unidirectional ESP, the Ethernet OAM mechanisms are only full
functional when bidirectional connections are established with co-
routed ESPs. Therfore, the scope of this document only covers
bidirectional point-to-point PBB-TE connections.
At both ends of the bidirectional point-to-point PBB-TE connection
one Maintenance Endpoint (MEP) is configured. The MEPs monitoring a
PBB-TE connection must be configured with the same Maintenance Domain
Level (MD Level) and Maintenance Association Identifier (MAID). Each
MEP has a unique identifier, the MEP ID. Besides these identifiers a
MEP monitoring a PBB-TE connection must be provisioned with the
3-tuples [ESP-MAC DA, ESP-MAC SA, ESP-VID] of the two ESPs.
In the case of point-to-point VLAN connections, the connection may be
identified with a single VLAN, or with two VLANs one for each
direction. Therefore, instead of the 3-tuples of the PBB-TE ESPs,
MEPs must be provisioned with the proper VLAN identifiers.
MEPs exchange Connectivity Check Messages (CCMs) periodically with
fixed intervals. Eight distinct intervals are defined in [IEEE]:
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+---+--------------------+----------------+
| # | CCM Interval (CCI) | 3 bit encoding |
+---+--------------------+----------------+
| 0 | Reserved | 000 |
| | | |
| 1 | 3 1/3 ms | 001 |
| | | |
| 2 | 10 ms | 010 |
| | | |
| 3 | 100 ms | 011 |
| | | |
| 4 | 1 s | 100 |
| | | |
| 5 | 10 s | 101 |
| | | |
| 6 | 1 min | 110 |
| | | |
| 7 | 10 min | 111 |
+---+--------------------+----------------+
Table 1: CCM Interval encoding
If 3 consecutive CCM messages are lost; connectivity failure is
declared. The MEP detecting the failiure will signal the defect to
the remote MEP in the subsequent CCM messages it emmits, by setting
the Remote Defect Indicator (RDI) bit in the CCM message. If a MEP
receives a CCM message with RDI bit set it immediately declares
failure. The detection of a failure may trigger protection switching
mechanisms or may be signaled to a management system.
At each transit node Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) may be
established to help failure localization, e.g., using link trace and
loop back functions. MIPs need to be provisioned with a subset of
the MEP identification parameters described above.
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3. GMPLS RSVP-TE Extensions
3.1. Operation overview
To simplify the configuration of connectivity monitoring, when an
Ethernet LSP is signaled the associated MEPs should be automatically
established. To monitor an Ethernet LSP a set of parameters must be
provided to setup a Maintenance Association and related MEPs.
Optionally, MIPs may be created at the transit nodes of the Ethernet
LSP. The LSP Attributes Flags: "OAM MEP entities desired" and "OAM
MIP entities desired", described in [OAM-CONF-FWK] are used to signal
that the respective OAM entities must be established. Subsequently,
an OAM Configuration TLV is added to the LSP_ATTRIBUTES Object
specifying that Ethernet OAM is to be setup for the LSP. Ethernet
OAM specific information, as described below, is carried in the new
Ethernet OAM Configuration sub-TLV.
o A unique MAID must be allocated for the PBB-TE connection and both
MEPs must be configured with the same information. The MAID
consists of an optional Maintenance Domain Name (MD Name) and a
mandatory Short Maintenance Association Name (Short MA Name).
Various formatting rules for these names have been defined in
[IEEE]. Since this information is also carried in all CCM
messages, the combined length of the Names is limited to 44 bytes.
How these parameters are determined is out of scope of this
document.
o Each MEP must be provisioned with a MEP ID. The MEP ID uniquely
identifies a given MEP within a Maintenance Association. That is,
the combination of MAID and MEP ID must uniquely identify a MEP.
How the value of the MEP ID is determined is out of scope of this
document.
o The Maintenance Domain Level (MD Level) allows hierarchical
separation of monitoring entities. [IEEE] allows differentiation
of 8 levels. How the value of the MD Level is determined is out
of scope of this document. Note that most probably for all
Ethernet LSPs a single (default) MD Level will be used within a
network domain.
o The desired CCM Interval must be specified by the management
system based on service requirements or operator policy. The same
CCM Interval must be set in each of the MEPs monitoring a given
Ethernet LSP. How the value of the CCM Interval is determined is
out of scope of this document.
o The desired forwarding priority to be set by MEPs for the CCM
frames can be specified. The same CCM priority must be set in
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each of the MEPs monitoring a given Ethernet LSP. How CCM
priority is determined is out of scope of this document. Note
that the highest priority is used as the default CCM priority.
o MEPs must be aware of their own and the reachability parameters of
the remote MEP. In the case of bidirectional point-to-point
PBB-TE connections this requires that the 3-tuples [ESP-MAC A,
ESP-MAC B, ESP-VID1] and [ESP-MAC B, ESP-MAC A, ESP-VID2] are
configured in each MEP, where the ESP-MAC A is the same as the
local MEP's MAC address and ESP-MAC B is the same as remote MEP's
MAC address. The GMPLS Ethernet Label format, as defined in
[RFC6060], consists of the ESP-MAC DA and ESP-VID. Hence the
necessary reachability parameters for the MEPs can be obtained
from Ethernet Labels (i.e., carried in the "downstream" and
upstream labels). In the case of point-to-point VLAN connections,
MEPs need to be provisioned with the VLAN identifiers only, which
can be derived similarly from the Ethernet Label.
Assuming the procedures described in [RFC6060] for bidirectional
PBB-TE Ethernet LSP establishment the MEP configuration should be as
follows. When the RSVP-TE signaling is initiated for the
bidirectional Ethernet LSP the local node generates a Path message
and:
o Allocates an Upstream Label formed by combining its MAC address
(ESP-MAC A) and locally selected VID (ESP-VID1), which will be
used to receive traffic;
o Inserts the OAM Configuration TLV with OAM Type set to Ethernet
OAM in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES object;
o Adds the OAM Function Flags sub-TLV in the OAM Configuration TLV
and sets the OAM function flags as needed;
o Adds an Ethernet OAM Configuration sub-TLV in the OAM
Configuration TLV that specifies the CCM Interval and MD Level;
o Adds an MD Name Sub-TLV (optional) and a Short MA Name Sub-TLV to
the Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV, that will unambiguously
identify a Maintenance Association for this specific PBB-TE
connection. Note that values for these parameters may be derived
from the GMPLS LSP identification parameters;
o Adds a MEP ID Sub-TLV to the Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV. It
selects two distinct integer values to identify the local and
remote MEPs within the Maintenance Association created for
monitoring of the point-to-point PBB-TE connection.
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Once the remote node receives the Path message it can use the
UPSTREAM_LABEL to extract the reachability information of the
initiator. Then it allocates a Label by selecting a local MAC
address (ESP-MAC B) and VID (ESP-VID2) that will be used to receive
traffic. These parameters determine the reachability information of
the local MEP. That is, the 3-tuples [ESP-MAC A, ESP-MAC B, ESP-
VID1] and [ESP-MAC B, ESP-MAC A, ESP-VID2] are derived from the
Ethernet Labels. In addition the information received in the
Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV is used to configure the local MEP.
Once the Resv message successfully arrives to the initiator, this can
extract the remote side's reachability information from the Label
Object and therefore it has all the information needed to properly
configure its local MEP.
3.2. OAM Configuration TLV
This TLV is specified in [OAM-CONF-FWK] and is used to select which
OAM technology/method should be used for the LSP. In this document a
new OAM Type: Ethernet OAM is defined.
OAM Type Description
------------ ------------------
0 Reserved
1 Ethernet OAM
2-256 Reserved
The receiving node when the Ethernet OAM Type is requested should
look for the corresponding technology specific Ethernet OAM
Configuration TLV.
3.3. Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV
The Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV (depicted below) is defined for
Ethernet OAM specific configuration parameters. The Ethernet OAM
Configuration TLV is carried within the OAM Configuration TLV in the
LSP_ATTRIBUTES or LSP_REQUIRED_ATTRUIBUTES object in Path messages.
This new TLV accommodates Ethernet OAM information and carries sub-
TLVs.
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type (IANA) | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Version |MD L.| Reserved (set to all 0s) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ sub TLVs ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type: indicates a new type: the Ethernet OAM Configuration TLV. IANA
is requested to assigne a value from the "OAM Type sub-TLV" space in
the "RSVP-TE OAM Configuration Registry".
Length: indicates the total length including sub-TLVs.
Version: identifies the CFM protocol version according to [IEEE]. If
a node does not support a specific CFM version an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported OAM Version"
MD L. (MD Level): indicates the desired MD Level. Posible values are
defined according to [IEEE]. If a node does not support a specific
MD Level an error must be generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported OAM
Level".
3.3.1. MD Name Sub-TLV
The optional MD Name sub-TLV is depicted below.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type (1) | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Format | Name Length | Reserved (set to all 0s) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ MD Name ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type: 1, MD Name Sub-TLV.
Length: indicates the total length of the TLV including padding.
Format: according to [IEEE].
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Name Length: the length of the MD Name field in bytes. This is
necessary to allow non 4 byte padded MD Name lengths.
MD Name: variable length field, formatted according to the format
specified in the Format field.
If an undefined Format is specified an error must be generated: "OAM
Problem/Unknown MD Name Format". Also the combined length of MD Name
and Short MA Name must be less or equal to 44bytes, if this is
violated an error must be generated: "OAM Problem/Name Length
Problem". Note it is allowed to have no MD Name, therefore the MD
Name sub-TLV is optional. In this case the MA Name must uniquely
identify a Maintenance Association.
3.3.2. Short MA Name Sub-TLV
The Short MA Name sub-TLV is depicted below.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type (2) | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Format | Name Length | Reserved (set to all 0s) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
~ Short MA Name ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type: 2, Short MA Name Sub-TLV.
Length: indicates the total length of the TLV including padding.
Format: according to [IEEE].
Name Length: the length of the MA Name field in bytes. This is
necessary to allow non 4 byte padded MA Name lengths.
Short MA Name: variable length field formatted according to the
format specified in the Format field.
If an undefined Format is specified an error must be generated: "OAM
Problem/Unknown MA Name Format". Also the combined length of MD Name
and Short MA Name must be less or equal to 44bytes, if this is
violated an error must be generated: "OAM Problem/Name Length
Problem". Note it is allowed to have no MD Name, in this case the MA
Name must uniquely identify a Maintenance Association.
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3.3.3. MEP ID Sub-TLV
The MEP ID Sub-TLV is depicted below.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type (3) | Length (4) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Local MEP ID |T|R| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Remote MEP ID |T|R| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type: 3, MEP ID Sub-TLV.
Length: indicates the total length of the TLV including padding.
Local MEP ID: a 16 bit integer value in the range 1-8191 of the MEP
ID on the initiator side.
Remote MEP ID: a 16 bit integer value in the range 1-8191 of the MEP
ID to be set for the MEP established at the receiving side. This
value is determined by the initiator node. This is possible, since a
new MAID is assigned to each PBB-TE connection, and MEP IDs must be
only unique within the scope of the MAID.
Two flags are defined Transmit (T) and Receive (R). When T is set
the corresponding MEP must send OAM packets. When R is set the
corresponding MEP must expect to receive OAM packets. These flags
are used to configure the role of MEPs.
3.3.4. Continuity Check (CC) Sub-TLV
The Continuity Check (CC) sub-TLV is depicted below.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type (4) | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Prio | CCM I | Reserved (set to all 0s) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Type: 4, Continuity Check (CC) sub-TLV.
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Prio: Indicates the priority to be set for CCM frames. In Ethernet 3
bits carried in VLAN TAGs identify priority information.
CCM I (CCM Interval): CCM Interval, according to the 3 bit encoding
[IEEE] shown in Table 1. If a node does not support the requested
CCM Interval an error must be generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported CC
Interval".
3.4. Pro-active Performance Monitoring
Ethernet OAM functions for Performance Monitoring (PM) allow
measurements of different performance parameters including Frame Loss
Ratio, Frame Delay and Frame Delay variation as defined in the ITU-T
Y.1731 recommendation. Only a subset of PM functions are operated in
a pro-active fashion to monitor the performance of the connection
continuously. Pro-active PM supports Fault Management functions, by
providing an indication of decreased service performance and as such
may provide triggers to initiate recovery procedures.
While on demand PM functions are always initiated by management
commands, for pro-active PM it may be desirable to utilize the
control plane for configuration and activation together with Fault
Management functions such as Continuity Check.
ITU-T Y.1731 defines dual-ended Loss Measurement as pro-active OAM
for performance monitoring and as a PM function applicable to fault
management. For dual-ended Loss Measurement each MEP piggy-backs
transmitted and received frame counters on CC messages; to support
and synchronize bidirectional Loss Measurements at the MEPs. Dual-
ended Loss Measurement is invoked by setting the Performance
Monitoring/Loss OAM Function Flag in the OAM Function Flags Sub-TLV
[OAM-CONF-FWK]. Besides configuring the Continuity Check
functionality, no additional configuration is required for this type
of Loss Measurement.
3.5. Ethernet OAM configuration errors
In addition to error values specified in [OAM-CONF-FWK] this document
defines the following values for the "OAM Problem" Error Code.
o If a node does not support a specific CFM version an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported OAM Version".
o If a node does not support a specific MD Level an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported OAM Level".
o If an undefined MD name format is specified an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Unknown MD Name Format".
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o If an undefined MA name format is specified an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Unknown MA Name Format".
o If the combined length of MD Name and Short MA Name must be less
or equal to 44bytes, if this is violated an error must be
generated: "OAM Problem/Name Length Problem".
o If a node does not support the requested CCM Interval an error
must be generated: "OAM Problem/Unsupported CC Interval".
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4. IANA Considerations
This document specifies the Ethernet OAM Configuration sub-TLV to be
carried in the OAM Configuration TLV in LSP_ATTRIBUTES and
LSP_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES objects in Path messages.
IANA is requested to allocate the value 1 for Ethernet OAM from the
OAM Type space in the "RSVP-TE OAM Configuration Registry" and
allocate type 1 for the Ethernet OAM Configuration sub-TLV from the
OAM Type sub-TLV space in the "RSVP-TE OAM Configuration Registry".
The following values need to be assigned under the Error Code: "OAM
Problem": "Unsupported OAM Version", "Unsupported OAM Level",
"Unknown MD Name Format", "Unknown MA Name Format", "Name Length
Problem", "Unsupported CC Interval".
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5. Security Considerations
This document does not introduce any additional security issuse to
those discussed in [OAM-CONF-FWK].
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6. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Francesco Fondelli, Adrian Farrel,
Loa Andersson, Eric Gray and Dimitri Papadimitriou for their useful
comments.
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Contributors
Don Fedyk
Alcatel-Lucent
Groton, MA 01450
USA
Email: donald.fedyk@alcatel-lucent.com
Dinesh Mohan
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7. References
7.1. Normative References
[OAM-CONF-FWK]
"OAM Configuration Framework for GMPLS RSVP-TE", Internet
Draft, work in progress.
[RFC5828] "GMPLS Ethernet Label Switching Architecture and
Framework", RFC 5828, March 2010.
[RFC6060] "Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Control
of Ethernet Provider Backbone Traffic Engineering
(PBB-TE)", RFC 6060.
7.2. Informative References
[IEEE] "IEEE, "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area
networks -- Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges and Virtual
Bridged Local Area Networks", IEEE Std 802.1Q, 2011.".
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Authors' Addresses
Attila Takacs
Ericsson
Konyves Kalman krt. 11.
Budapest, 1097
Hungary
Email: attila.takacs@ericsson.com
Balazs Gero
Ericsson
Laborc u. 1.
Budapest, 1037
Hungary
Email: balazs.gero@ericsson.com
Hao Long
Huawei
Email: lonho@huawei.com
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