Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal
RFC 8445
| Document | Type |
RFC - Proposed Standard
(July 2018; No errata)
Obsoletes RFC 5245
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Last updated | 2018-12-19 | ||
| Replaces | draft-ietf-mmusic-rfc5245bis | ||
| Stream | IETF | ||
| Formats | plain text html pdf htmlized bibtex | ||
| Reviews | |||
| Stream | WG state | Submitted to IESG for Publication | |
| Document shepherd | Peter Thatcher | ||
| Shepherd write-up | Show (last changed 2018-01-12) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | RFC 8445 (Proposed Standard) | |
| Consensus Boilerplate | Yes | ||
| Telechat date | |||
| Responsible AD | Ben Campbell | ||
| Send notices to | "Peter Thatcher" <pthatcher@google.com> | ||
| IANA | IANA review state | Version Changed - Review Needed | |
| IANA action state | RFC-Ed-Ack | ||
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) A. Keranen
Request for Comments: 8445 C. Holmberg
Obsoletes: 5245 Ericsson
Category: Standards Track J. Rosenberg
ISSN: 2070-1721 jdrosen.net
July 2018
Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE):
A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal
Abstract
This document describes a protocol for Network Address Translator
(NAT) traversal for UDP-based communication. This protocol is called
Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE). ICE makes use of the
Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol and its
extension, Traversal Using Relay NAT (TURN).
This document obsoletes RFC 5245.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8445.
Keranen, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
RFC 8445 ICE July 2018
Copyright Notice
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than English.
Keranen, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
RFC 8445 ICE July 2018
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Overview of ICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1. Gathering Candidates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2. Connectivity Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3. Nominating Candidate Pairs and Concluding ICE . . . . . . 12
2.4. ICE Restart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.5. Lite Implementations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3. ICE Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5. ICE Candidate Gathering and Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.1. Full Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.1.1. Gathering Candidates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1.1.1. Host Candidates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1.1.2. Server-Reflexive and Relayed Candidates . . . . . 20
5.1.1.3. Computing Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1.1.4. Keeping Candidates Alive . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1.2. Prioritizing Candidates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.1.2.1. Recommended Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.1.2.2. Guidelines for Choosing Type and Local
Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.1.3. Eliminating Redundant Candidates . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.2. Lite Implementation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.3. Exchanging Candidate Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.4. ICE Mismatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
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