I2RS working group S. Kini
Internet-Draft Ericsson
Intended status: Standards Track S. Hares
Expires: September 9, 2015 Huawei
A. Ghanwani
Dell
R. Krishnan
Brocade
Q. Wu
Huawei
D. Bogdanovic
Juniper Networks
J. Tantsura
R. White
Ericsson
March 8, 2015
Filter-Based RIB Information Model
draft-kini-i2rs-fb-fib-info-model-00
Abstract
This document defines an information model I2RS Filter based RIB
(Routing information Model). Filter based forwarding matches fields
in the IP header plus other higher layer packet information. These
matches may be ordered. Matches may contain actions which could
impact forward, such as setting a nexthop.
Status of This Memo
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provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on September 9, 2015.
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Copyright Notice
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Definitions and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Filter-Based Routing Information Model Overview . . . . . . . 5
3.1. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. Generic Rules for Filter-Based RIBS . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Filter-Based-RIB module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1. FB-RIB entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.2. FB-RIB Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.3. Rules on Order Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.4. I2RS FB-RIB interaction with configured filter rules . . 15
4.5. Relationship between RB-RIB Rule Model and RIB
Information Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5. L3 Match-Action Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
6. Open issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9.1. Normative References: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1. Introduction
The Interface to the Routing System (I2RS)
[I-D.ietf-i2rs-architecture] architecture provides dynamic read and
write access to the information and state within the routing
elements. The I2RS client interacts with the I2RS agent in one or
more network routing systems.
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This document provides a generic information model for a I2RS filter
based RIB (FB-RIB) and describes the I2RS interaction with routing
filters within a routing element.
Filter based (FB) routing matches fields in the IP header plus other
higher layer packet information. Filters with a match-action pair
allow the filters to impact the forwarding of packets. Actions may
impact forwarding or set something in the packet that will impact
forwarding.
A Filter-Based RIB (Routing Information Base) contains a list of
filters (match-action conditions) and a default RIB of the form found
in [I-D.ietf-i2rs-rib-info-model]. The default RIB routes any packet
not matched by the order list of filter rules. If any packet does
not match filter, it is dropped.
Some drafts which provide models for match filters are the following:
o Access lists (ACLs) [I-D.ietf-netmod-acl-model] (Note: This filter
provides match-action filters),
o routing filter policy based on filters for IP prefixes (IPv4,
IPv6) (E.g. [I-D.yan-rtgwg-routing-policy-yang]) or ordered
prefix lists (e.g. [I-D.zhdankin-idr-bgp-cfg]),
o generic match-policy filters that support QOS filters (E.g.
[I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model]).
o routing filters that include BGP originated routes tracked by BGP
attribute(asPath, BGP community, extended BGP community, RDs) or
peer ([I-D.shaikh-rtgwg-policy-model]),
o Filters passed in BGP for flows (E.g. [RFC5575]))
This generic model for filters aligns with the generic model for
topology in providing a simple model that can be utilize for other
filters. The abstract filter model utilizes a generic filter based
model that can be applied for specific filters at each level. The
default RIB specification for the FB-RIB uses the I2RS RIB Model.
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+------------------------+
| |
| Abstract Network Model |
| |
+------------------------+
|
+-------+-------+--
| |
V V
+---------------+ +------------+ +-----------+
| Abstract | | Abstract | | I2RS |
| Filter-Based | | Topology | | RIB |
| (FB)RIB Model | | Model | | Model |
+---------------+ +------------+ +-----------+
|
augments |
+-------------+-------------+-----------+
| | | |
V V V V
............ ............ ............ ...........
: L1 : : L2 : : L3 : : Service :
: FB-RIB : : FB-RIB : : FB-RIB : : FB-RIB :
: Model : : Model : : Model : : Model :
'''''''''''' '''''''''''' '''''''''''' '''''''''''
Figure 1: The network model structure
2. Definitions and Acronyms
CLI
Command Line Interface
FB Default RIB
The FB Default RIB is the default Routing Information Based use
based for forwarding traffic for routes which do not match any FB-
RIB Rule.
FB-RIB
Filter-Based Routing Information Base
IGP
IGP is an Interior Gateway Protocol
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PCIM
Policy Core Information Model directly and indirectly the work of
the PCIM Working Group.
Policy Rule
The PCIM framework defines a policy rule is often represented by
"if Condition then action". The action may have set, modify, or
notify actions. This draft uses the filters in
[I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model], but policy can be used from a
variety of filters.
Policy Group
The PCIM Framework defines policy groups as a group of policy
rules into ordered and prioritized groups of policy.
Policy Set
The PCIM framework defines a the Policy set (specifically the
PolicySetComponent) as an aggregation class that allows
aggregation of Policy Groups and the nesting of Policy Groups
under Policy set rules. The PolicySet rules include nesting
policies and matching strategies (all-matching or first-match),
priorities between rules, and roles. One of the roles that must
be conditionally matched is the models denotation of "read-only"
or "read-write" policy rules into ordered and prioritized groups
of policy. The [I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model] suggests that non-
nested policy groups may be sufficient for I2RS status and
configuration work.
RIB IM
RIB Informational Model (RIB IM) [I-D.ietf-i2rs-rib-info-model]
Routing instance
Routing Code often has the ability to spin up multiple copies of
itself into virtual machines. Each Routing code instance or each
protocol instance is denoted as N_INSTANCE in the text below.
3. Filter-Based Routing Information Model Overview
Filter based routing is a technique used to make packet routing
decisions based on filter policies set by the network administrator.
Routing decisions in a Filter-Based RIB (FB-RIB) are based on several
criteria beyond destination address, such as application, IP protocol
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used, identity of the end system, and even packet size. Policy
actions are typically applied before applying QoS constraints since
policy actions may override QoS constraint.
The Filter-Based routing may provide many benefits, including better
resource allocation, load balancing and QoS.
The I2RS use cases which benefit from Filter-Based Routing are:
Protocol independent Use cases and large flow use cases described in
[I-D.hares-i2rs-usecase-reqs-summary].
The Filter-based policies are specified in most routers/switches as
an ordered set of rules. Each policy rule has a set of match
conditions, and a set of actions which may include forwarding actions
and QoS actions. This draft uses a generic description of filters
rules described in [I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model], but other policy
models could be used if they have the same characteristics.
(Note: Antecedents of this generic structure for filter/policy rules
can be found in the IETF PCIM work ([RFC3060], [RFC3460], and
[RFC3644]).)
3.1. Scope
A Filter-Based RIB (FB-RIB) information model can be considered in
either a top-down view examining the filter policy which controls the
RIBs or from a bottom-up view which considers the data plane. A top-
down view considers how the I2RS client provides filters for what can
be added to a FB-RIB. This draft takes a bottom-up approach and
looks at just the routes being installed in the FB-RIB. The bottoms-
up view considers how routes link to forwarding data planes that must
be supported. In this view, the match filters must consider IP [both
IPv4 and IPv6], but may also consider MPLS and encapsulated protocols
such as TCP [RFC0793], UDP [RFC0768], STCP [RFC4960], ICMP [RFC0792].
This draft takes the bottoms-up viewpoint which looks at how the FB-
RIB controls the data plane.
This provides a generic FB-FIB description in section 4, and provide
FB-FIB extension to cover the L3 IP filter covering IPv4 [RFC0791]
and IPV6 [RFC2460]) in section 5.
3.2. Generic Rules for Filter-Based RIBS
Generic filter rules are described in
[I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model]. The filter rules are included as
list of groups of rules which in turn contain rules. This grouping
hierarchy allows the ordering of all rules, and a logical group of
filter rules based on a logical group (E.g. customers).
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Within a particular order (E.g. Order 2), priority will establish
the filter sequence within the order. If two priorities match, it is
assumed the ordering of the filters do not impact the level
Each Rule within the Rule list has a rule-action match condition
which is based on type. Type can be the "generic filter match-
actions" or match actions specific to another type of policy (e.g.
ACL rule match-action). For the generic filter match-actions has
match field (bnp-term-match), action field (bnp-action), and a
forwarding field (bnp-generic forwarding) as figure 1 shows.
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+-----------------+
| group of rules |
+-----------------+
|
+-----------------+
| list of rules |
+-----------------+
|
+-----------------+
| Rule |
+-------|---------+
|
+-------------------+
| Rule Match action |
+------|------------+
+----|---------------+
+-----|---------+ +-------|-----+
| Generic Rule | | ACL Rule |
| match-action | | match-action |
+-----------|--+ +--------------+
|
+-----------|----|-----------|------------------+
| | |
+--------V------+ +----V--------+ +-------V-----+
| bnp term-match| | bnp-action | | bnp-generic |
| Condition | | action | | forwarding |
| | | | | actions |
+--------|------+ +-------|-----+ +-------------+
| | (drop, forward)
| |
+-------|------|-|-------+ +-|-|-----|------|--------|-+
| | | | | | | |
V V V V V V V V
....... ....... ....... .......... ........ ..... ...... .........
:L1 : :L2 : :L3 : : Service: : L1 : :L2 : :L3 : :Service:
:match: :match: :match: : match : :action: :act.: :act.: :action :
''''''' ''''''' ''''''' '''''''''' '''''''' ''''' ''''' '''''''''
Figure 2
An example of this hierarchy is shown in figure 2:
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Group
Name: internal-nets
Scope: L3-FB-RIB, R/W
group-installer: v-netops
rule-list
rule-1;
name: v-netops-lan
order: 1
installer: v-netops
status
ro-status: active
ro-rule-inactive-reason null
ro-iule-installer: v-netops
priority 1
rule-match-act
case:BNP-GENERIC-MATCH-ACTION
Case:L3-Header
term-match DEST-Header 192.200.1.*/24
term-action:
n-acts: 0
term-forward: drop
rule-2
name:ICMP packets
order: 2
installer: v-netops
status:
ro-status: inactive
ro-rule-inactive-reason: admin-inactive
ro-installer-active-filter: (null)
priority 3
rule-match-act:
Case:BNP-GENERIC_MATCH-ACTION
Case:L3-Header
term-match: ICMP-Type
term-action:
n-acts: 0
term-forward: drop
Figure 3: Example structure
4. Filter-Based-RIB module
A Filter-Based RIB (FB-RIB) is an entity that contains an ordered set
of filters (match/action conditions) and a default RIB of the form
found in [I-D.ietf-i2rs-rib-info-model]. An ordered set of filters
implies that the insertion of a filter route into a FB-RIB MUST
provide the ability to insert a filter route at any specific position
and delete of a filter-based route at a specific position. The
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ability to change a filter route at a specific position combines
these two functions (delete an existing filter route rule and add a
new policy rule).
Each FB-RIB is contained within a routing instance, but one routing
instance (named by an INSTANCE_NAME) can contain multiple FB-RIBs.
Each routing instance is associated with a set of interfaces, a
router-id, a FB default-RIB, and list of FB-RIBs. Only some of the
interfaces associated with a routing instance may be associated with
a FB-RIB. Each interface can be associated with at most one FB RIB.
Packets arriving on an interface associated with a FB-RIB will be
forwarded based on filters in a FB-RIB or the FB-RIB Default RIB (if
no matches occur). The processing within the FB-RIB process within
the routing system is expected to do the following:
o When a packet successfully matches match term/entry in a filter-
route, the corresponding rule-actions are applied.
o If a packet does not match the match term/entry in the filter
route, the filter route processing goes to the next term/entry in
the order, and looks for a match, within the current filter or
goes to the next filter in the list. This continues until either
a filter route match term/entry is successfully matched, or no
more filters in the list exists.
o If no match has been found within the FB-RIBs on the FB-RIB list,
then the packet will be forwarded using the Default-RIB specified
by the FB-RIB if one exists. If no Default-RIB is specified, the
packet will be discarded.
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+-------------------------------+
| routing instance |
+--|--------|---------------+---+
| | |
| | |
+-----------+ +-------------+ +-----------+
|interface* | |FB_RIB *list | | FB-Default|
| list | | | |-RIB |
+-----------+ +--|----------+ +---|-------+
| RIB (RIB-info IM)
^
/|\
+-----------^-----------+
| FB RIB |
+-----------|-----------+
|
|
+-----------------------+
| FB FIB Ordered List |
| of filter rules |
+-----------|------------+
| uses bnp generic filter-policy
+-----------|------------+
| BNP-Rule-Group* |
+-----------|-----------+
|
+-----------|--------------+
| BNP-Rule* |
|(ordered list of rules of |
| the form match-action) |
+--------------------------+
Figure 4: Routing instance with FB-RIB
4.1. FB-RIB entries
The FB-RIB entries associated with each FB-RIB in a routing instance
are:
instance-name (FB-FIB-instance-name)
Name of Routing instance
router-id (FB-RIB-router-id)
router id associated with the FB-RIB function of the Routing
instance
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Interface_list(FB-RIB-interface)
A list of interfaces that all of the FB-RIB RIBs operate over.
This list must be a subset of the interface_list associated with
the routing instance.
Default RIB
A RIB contained in the same routing instance that can be used to
forward packets when the FIB entries in the FB-RIB list do not
match the packets. This Default-RIB forwards based on destination
based routing.
FB-RIB Order list of policy (FB-FIB-O-Filters
ordered list of filter rules of the form in
[I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model]
The Top-level Yang structure for the FB-RIB is:
module: FB-RIB
+--FB-RIB-module
+--rw FB-RIB-instance-name
+--rw RB-RIB-router-id uint32
+--rw FB-RIB-interface*
| +--rw FB-RIB-interface interface-ref-id
+--rw FB-Default-RIB rib-ref
+--rw FB-RIB
+--rw FB-RIB-Name
+--rw FB-RIB-AFI
+--rw FB-RIB-intf*
+--rw FB-FIB-status-info
| +--rw fb-rib-update-ref uint64
+--rw FB-RIB-Ordered-Filters
uses bnp-policy for filters
augments /nt:bnp-generic-rules/rule-group/
Figure 4: FB RIB Yang Structure
4.2. FB-RIB Description
Each FB-RIB has the following:
o FB-RIB-Name - Name identifier for FB- RIB
o FB-RIB-AFI - AFI Supported by the FB-RIB
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o FB-RIB-intf* - Interface FB-FIB operates on. Note that an
interface can be associated with at most one FB-RIB. For example
interfaces eth1 and eth2 can be associated to FB-RIB, but these
two interfaces cannot be connected to any other FB-RIB.
o FB-RIB-Status-info - status at RIB level which includes number of
times since reconfiguration this FB-RIB has been updated.
o FB-RIB-Ordered-Filters contains list of rule groups
* Each rule-group is indexed by group name contains:
+ group-name (string)
+ status-info which contains two elements:
- group status (installed, active or inactive).
- inactive reason (null, policy-conflict, unsupported).
- group-installer-identity (string)
+ group order (unit16)
+ ordered rule list
4.3. Rules on Order Rule
This section provides a short description of the generic filter
policy rule's condition-action from [I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model]
which is used by the FB-RIB.
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+-----------------------+
| Filter Rule |
| |
+--|-----------------|--+
: : .......
: : : :
+--------V-------+ +-------V-------+ :
|Filter Condition| | Filter Action |<...
+----------------+ +-+----------+--+
/|\ /|\
"extends"| | "extends"
+---+ +--------+
| |
+-------^-------+ +-----^---------+
| QoS Action | |Forward Action |
+---------------+ +---------------+
: : : : : :
....: : :..... .....: : :.....
: : : : : :
+----V---+ +---V----+ +--V---+ +-V------++--V-----++--V-----+
|Set | |QoS | |QoS | |Forward ||Next Hop||Next Hop|
|Operator| |Variable| |Value | |Operator||Variable||Value |
+--------+ +--------+ +------+ +--------++--+-----++--------+
/|\
| "extends"
+---^----+
|Next Hop|
|Type |
+--------+
Figure 5: Filter Actions for FB-RIB
The policy/filter rule contains the following:
o rule-ref - ordered id number for the policy rule
o rule-status-info - status on the policy rule that contains the
following:
* rule-status - installed, active, or inactive.
* rule-inactive-reason - can be null, policy-conflict, i2rs-rule-
supersedes,unsupported)
* rule-installer - the entity that installed rule.
o match-filter - ordered match field for FB-RIB route entry which
contains:
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* order- order number in match sequence
* match-term - contains matches for filters for different packets
based on L1, L2, L3, transport, or service level.
* rule-action* - An ordered list of policy actions that includes
the following:
+ n-acts - number of actions
+ Actions: set values in one or more of the following:
+ forwarding-actions - which includes
- std-forwarding - (enumeration) forwarding packet
o Drop_Packet - drop packet
o Drop_Packet_ICMP - dropping packet with ICMP
unreachable sent
o Forward_Packet_specific - send to specific next hop
o Forward_Packet_default - forward based on FB-RIB
Default RIB
4.4. I2RS FB-RIB interaction with configured filter rules
The I2RS client-agent pair process within a routing process to add
ephemeral these changes to the filter State so that
FB-RIB-rules(running) = FB-RIB-config + FB-Rules-I2RS-ephemeral
The I2RS ephemeral state will not survive a reboot of the machine.
Upon a reboot, the I2RS client must reload the I2RS Agent with the
I2RS FB-RIB state lost in the reboot.
Writing I2RS FB-rules to permanent configuration may be desirable.
This has not been considered in this verison of this draft.
4.5. Relationship between RB-RIB Rule Model and RIB Information Model
The RIB in a router with I2RS is the following:
running RIB = configured-RIB + routes-installed-from-protocols +
I2RS-ephemeral-state
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As described in [I-D.ietf-i2rs-rib-info-model], the I2RS ephemeral
RIB information in routing instance contains a collection of RIBs,
interfaces, and routing parameters including the following:
o The set of interfaces indicates which interfaces are associated
with this routing instance.
o The RIBs specify how incoming traffic is to be forwarded based on
destination (E.g. RIB and FB-RIB).
o The routing parameters control the information in the RIBs.
FB-RIB and RIB can not be used at the same time, which means:
o If a router doesn't support filter-based routing, a router MUST
use RIB and MUST not use FB-RIB.
o If a router supports filter-based routing:
* FB-RIB is used
* Multiple FB-RIBs may exist within a routing instance
* An interface can be associated with at most one FB-RIB
* The Default RIB for a FB-RIB is used if several criteria beyond
destination address is not matched.
5. L3 Match-Action Rules
Layer 3 match might contain the following:
o IPv4 header match with one or these fields: IPv4 source address,
IPv4 destination address, IPv4 Protocol, IPv4 TOS/DSCP field, IPv4
ICMP field, and the length of the packet. These matches can be
exact matches, longest prefix matches for addresses, or range
matches for values in TOS/DSCP field, ICMP field or length of
packet.
o IPv6 header match with one or more match of IPv6 source address,
IPv6 destination address, IPvs Traffic class (DSCP), IPv6 Flow
label, IPv6 payload length, IPv6 next-header, hop-limit. These
matches can be exact matches, longest prefix matches for
addresses, or range matches.
Layer 3 Actions might set values in:
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o In IPv4 packets set values in any of the following fields: IPv4
source address, IPv4 destination address, IPv4 Protocol, IPv4 TOS/
DSCP field, IPv4 ICMP field or the length of the packet. (Please
note that hardware data plane forwarders may only be able to set
TOS/DSCP while software data plane forwarders may be able set
additional fields.)
o In IPv6 packets set values in any of the following fields: IPv6
source address, IPv6 destination address, IPv6 Protocol value,
IPv6 Flow, or IPv6 packet length.
Layer 3 Forwarding can augment the basic to forward via tunnels.
6. Open issues
This section record the issues with the initials of the person who
recorded it.
Forwarding per interface (JMH)
- The authors believe the forwarding per interface is covered by
the attachment of a FB-RIB to interface-list.
Centralized or Distributed filter policy Strategy (JMH)
The authors believe this structure can be used by either
centralized or distributed forwarding for configuration or the
I2RS ephemeral data structure
policy database-enforcement points architecture (JMH)
The authors believe this yang modules describes the filters which
provides a specific enforcement of forwarding policy. The wider
constraints of how filter policy is stored as filter rules or
groups of filters rules can be done as the generic network policy
as described in [I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model] or other policy.
Other forms of policy rule filter sets can be used.
policy rule conflicts (JMH)
Detection of filter rule conflicts are done by the agent module
receiving the filters from configuration or ephemeral I2RS stream.
The filter can be reject or installed and rejected from active use
due to conflicts at either a group level or the filter rule level.
At the policy group level the group-policy-status-info contains a
status of installed, active, or installed-inactive. If the status
is inactive the group-policy-inactive-reason can indicate policy-
conflicts. The policy-rule has a similar status (policy-rule-
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status-info with policy-rule-status and policy-rule-inactive-
reason).
7. IANA Considerations
This draft includes no request to IANA.
8. Security Considerations
TBD.
9. References
9.1. Normative References:
[I-D.hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model]
Hares, S. and Q. Wu, "An Information Model for Basic
Network Policy", draft-hares-i2rs-bnp-info-model-01 (work
in progress), October 2014.
[I-D.ietf-i2rs-architecture]
Atlas, A., Halpern, J., Hares, S., Ward, D., and T.
Nadeau, "An Architecture for the Interface to the Routing
System", draft-ietf-i2rs-architecture-09 (work in
progress), March 2015.
[I-D.ietf-i2rs-rib-info-model]
Bahadur, N., Folkes, R., Kini, S., and J. Medved, "Routing
Information Base Info Model", draft-ietf-i2rs-rib-info-
model-05 (work in progress), January 2015.
[I-D.ietf-netmod-acl-model]
Bogdanovic, D., Sreenivasa, K., Huang, L., and D. Blair,
"Network Access Control List (ACL) YANG Data Model",
draft-ietf-netmod-acl-model-02 (work in progress), March
2015.
9.2. Informative References
[I-D.hares-i2rs-usecase-reqs-summary]
Hares, S. and M. Chen, "Summary of I2RS Use Case
Requirements", draft-hares-i2rs-usecase-reqs-summary-01
(work in progress), October 2014.
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[I-D.shaikh-rtgwg-policy-model]
Shaikh, A., Shakir, R., D'Souza, K., and C. Chase,
"Routing Policy Configuration Model for Service Provider
Networks", draft-shaikh-rtgwg-policy-model-00 (work in
progress), January 2015.
[I-D.yan-rtgwg-routing-policy-yang]
Yan, G. and S. Zhuang, "Yang Data Model for Routing
Policy", draft-yan-rtgwg-routing-policy-yang-00 (work in
progress), December 2014.
[I-D.zhdankin-idr-bgp-cfg]
Alex, A., Patel, K., Clemm, A., Hares, S., Jethanandani,
M., and X. Liu, "Yang Data Model for BGP Protocol", draft-
zhdankin-idr-bgp-cfg-00 (work in progress), January 2015.
[RFC0768] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768,
August 1980.
[RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September
1981.
[RFC0792] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5,
RFC 792, September 1981.
[RFC0793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7, RFC
793, September 1981.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
(IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998.
[RFC3060] Moore, B., Ellesson, E., Strassner, J., and A. Westerinen,
"Policy Core Information Model -- Version 1
Specification", RFC 3060, February 2001.
[RFC3460] Moore, B., "Policy Core Information Model (PCIM)
Extensions", RFC 3460, January 2003.
[RFC3644] Snir, Y., Ramberg, Y., Strassner, J., Cohen, R., and B.
Moore, "Policy Quality of Service (QoS) Information
Model", RFC 3644, November 2003.
[RFC4960] Stewart, R., "Stream Control Transmission Protocol", RFC
4960, September 2007.
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[RFC5575] Marques, P., Sheth, N., Raszuk, R., Greene, B., Mauch, J.,
and D. McPherson, "Dissemination of Flow Specification
Rules", RFC 5575, August 2009.
Authors' Addresses
Sriganesh Kini
Ericsson
Email: sriganesh.kini@ericsson.com
Susan Hares
Huawei
7453 Hickory Hill
Saline, MI 48176
USA
Email: shares@ndzh.com
Anoop Ghanwani
Dell
Email: anoop@alumni.duke.edu
Ram Krishnan
Brocade
Email: ramk@Brocade.com
Qin Wu
Huawei
101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012
China
Email: bill.wu@huawei.com
Dean Bogdanovic
Juniper Networks
Westford, MA
Email: deanb@juniper.net
Kini, et al. Expires September 9, 2015 [Page 20]
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Jeff Tantsura
Ericsson
Email: Jeff Tantsura jeff.tantsura@ericsson.com
Russ White
Ericsson
Email: russw@riw.us
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