Network File System Version 4                              C. Lever, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                    Oracle
Obsoletes: 5667 (if approved)                              April 4, 2017
Intended status: Standards Track
Expires: October 6, 2017


 Network File System (NFS) Upper Layer Binding To RPC-Over-RDMA Version
                                  One
                     draft-ietf-nfsv4-rfc5667bis-08

Abstract

   This document specifies Upper Layer Bindings of Network File System
   (NFS) protocol versions to RPC-over-RDMA Version One, enabling the
   use of Direct Data Placement.  This document obsoletes RFC 5667.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on October 6, 2017.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 1]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
   Contributions published or made publicly available before November
   10, 2008.  The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this
   material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow
   modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process.
   Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling
   the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified
   outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may
   not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format
   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
   than English.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Reply Size Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Short Reply Chunk Retry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Upper Layer Binding for NFS Versions 2 and 3  . . . . . . . .   5
     3.1.  Reply Size Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     3.2.  RPC Binding Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   4.  Upper Layer Bindings for NFS Version 2 and 3 Auxiliary
       Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.1.  MOUNT, NLM, and NSM Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.2.  NFSACL Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   5.  Upper Layer Binding For NFS Version 4 . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     5.1.  DDP-Eligibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     5.2.  Reply Size Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     5.3.  RPC Binding Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     5.4.  NFS COMPOUND Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     5.5.  NFS Callback Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     5.6.  Session-Related Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     5.7.  Transport Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   6.  Extending NFS Upper Layer Bindings  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   Appendix A.  Changes Since RFC 5667 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   Appendix B.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   Author's Address  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 2]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


1.  Introduction

   The RPC-over-RDMA Version One transport may employ direct data
   placement to convey data payloads associated with RPC transactions
   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis].  To enable successful interoperation,
   RPC client and server implementations using RPC-over-RDMA Version One
   must agree which XDR data items and RPC procedures are eligible to
   use direct data placement (DDP).

   An Upper Layer Binding specifies this agreement for one RPC Program.
   Other operational details, such as RPC binding assignments, pairing
   Write chunks with result data items, and reply size estimation, are
   also specified by this Binding.

   This document contains material required of Upper Layer Bindings, as
   specified in [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis], for the following NFS
   protocol versions:

   o  NFS Version 2 [RFC1094]

   o  NFS Version 3 [RFC1813]

   o  NFS Version 4.0 [RFC7530]

   o  NFS Version 4.1 [RFC5661]

   o  NFS Version 4.2 [RFC7862]

   Upper Layer Bindings are also provided for auxiliary protocols used
   with NFS versions 2 and 3.

   This document assumes the reader is already familiar with concepts
   and terminology defined in [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] and the
   documents it references.

2.  Reply Size Estimation

   During the construction of each RPC Call message, a requester is
   responsible for allocating appropriate resources for receiving the
   corresponding Reply message.  If the requester expects the RPC Reply
   message will be larger than its inline threshold, it provides Write
   and/or Reply chunks wherein the responder can place results and the
   reply's Payload stream.

   A reply resource overrun occurs if the RPC Reply Payload stream does
   not fit into the provided Reply chunk, or no Reply chunk was provided
   and the Payload stream does not fit inline.  This prevents the
   responder from returning the Upper Layer reply to the requester.



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 3]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   Therefore reliable reply size estimation is necessary to ensure
   successful interoperation.

   In most cases, the NFS protocol's XDR definition provides enough
   information to enable an NFS client to predict the maximum size of
   the expected Reply message.  If there are variable-size data items in
   the result, the maximum size of the RPC Reply message can be
   estimated as follows:

   o  The client requests only a specific portion of an object (for
      example, using the "count" and "offset" fields in an NFS READ).

   o  The client limits the number of results (e.g. using the "count"
      field of an NFS READDIR request).

   o  The client has already cached the size of the whole object it is
      about to request (say, via a previous NFS GETATTR request).

   o  The client and server have negotiated a maximum size for all calls
      and responses (using a CREATE_SESSION operation, for instance).

2.1.  Short Reply Chunk Retry

   In a few cases, either the size of one or more returned data items or
   the number of returned data items cannot be known in advance of
   forming an RPC Call.

   If an NFS server finds that the NFS client provided inadequate
   receive resources to return the whole reply, it returns an RPC level
   error or a transport error, such as ERR_CHUNK.

   In response to these errors, an NFS client can choose to:

   o  Terminate the RPC transaction immediately with an error, or

   o  Allocate a larger Reply chunk and send the same request as a new
      RPC transaction (to avoid hitting in a Duplicate Reply Cache).
      The NFS client should avoid retrying the request indefinitely
      because a responder may return ERR_CHUNK for a variety of reasons.

   Subsequent sections of this document discuss exactly which operations
   might have ultimate difficulty with Reply size estimation.  These
   operations are eligible for "short Reply chunk retry."  Unless
   explicitly mentioned as applicable, short Reply chunk retry should
   not be used.






Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 4]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   NFS server implementations can avoid connection loss by first
   confirming that target RDMA segments are large enough to receive
   results before initiating explicit RDMA operations.

3.  Upper Layer Binding for NFS Versions 2 and 3

   The Upper Layer Binding specification in this section applies to NFS
   Version 2 [RFC1094] and NFS Version 3 [RFC1813].  For brevity, in
   this document a "Legacy NFS client" refers to an NFS client using the
   NFS version 2 or NFS version 3 RPC Programs (100003) to communicate
   with an NFS server.  Likewise, a "Legacy NFS server" is an NFS server
   communicating with clients using NFS version 2 or NFS version 3.

   The following XDR data items in NFS versions 2 and 3 are DDP-
   eligible:

   o  The opaque file data argument in the NFS WRITE procedure

   o  The pathname argument in the NFS SYMLINK procedure

   o  The opaque file data result in the NFS READ procedure

   o  The pathname result in the NFS READLINK procedure

   All other argument or result data items in NFS versions 2 and 3 are
   not DDP-eligible.

   A transport error does not give an indication of whether the server
   has processed the arguments of the RPC Call, or whether the server
   has accessed or modified client memory associated with that RPC.

3.1.  Reply Size Estimation

   A Legacy NFS client determines the maximum reply size for each
   operation using the criteria outlined in Section 2.  There are no
   operations in NFS version 2 or 3 that benefit from short Reply chunk
   retry.

3.2.  RPC Binding Considerations

   Legacy NFS servers traditionally listen for clients on UDP and TCP
   port 2049.  Additionally, they register these ports with a local
   portmapper [RFC1833] service.

   A Legacy NFS server supporting RPC-over-RDMA Version One on such a
   network and registering itself with the RPC portmapper MAY choose an
   arbitrary port, or MAY use the alternative well-known port number for
   its RPC-over-RDMA service (see Section 8).  The chosen port MAY be



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 5]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   registered with the RPC portmapper under the netids assigned in
   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis].

4.  Upper Layer Bindings for NFS Version 2 and 3 Auxiliary Protocols

   NFS versions 2 and 3 are typically deployed with several other
   protocols, sometimes referred to as "NFS auxiliary protocols."  These
   are distinct RPC Programs that define procedures which are not part
   of the NFS version 2 or version 3 RPC Programs.  The Upper Layer
   Bindings in this section apply to:

   o  Versions 2 and 3 of the MOUNT protocol [RFC1813]

   o  Versions 1, 3, and 4 of the NLM protocol [RFC1813]

   o  Version 1 of the NSM protocol, described in Chapter 11 of [XNFS]

   o  Version 1 of the NFSACL protocol, which does not have a public
      definition.  NFSACL is treated in this document as a de facto
      standard, as there are several interoperating implementations.

4.1.  MOUNT, NLM, and NSM Protocols

   Historically, NFS/RDMA implementations have chosen to convey the
   MOUNT, NLM, and NSM protocols via TCP.  To enable interoperation of
   these protocols when NFS/RDMA is in use, a legacy NFS server MUST
   provide TCP-based MOUNT, NLM, and NSM services.

4.2.  NFSACL Protocol

   Legacy clients and servers that support the NFSACL RPC Program
   typically convey NFSACL procedures on the same connection as NFS RPC
   Programs.  This obviates the need for separate rpcbind queries to
   discover server support for this RPC Program.

   ACLs are typically small, but even large ACLs must be encoded and
   decoded to some degree.  Thus no data item in this Upper Layer
   Protocol is DDP-eligible.

   For procedures whose replies do not include an ACL object, the size
   of a reply is determined directly from the NFSACL RPC Program's XDR
   definition.

   There is no protocol-specified size limit for NFS version 3 ACLs, and
   there is no mechanism in either the NFSACL or NFS RPC Programs for a
   Legacy client to ascertain the largest ACL a Legacy server can
   return.  Legacy client implementations should choose a maximum size
   for ACLs based on their own internal limits.



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 6]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   Because an NFSACL client cannot know in advance how large a returned
   ACL will be, it can use short Reply chunk retry when an NFSACL GETACL
   operation encounters a transport error.

5.  Upper Layer Binding For NFS Version 4

   The Upper Layer Binding specification in this section applies to RPC
   Programs defined in NFS Version 4.0 [RFC7530], NFS Version 4.1
   [RFC5661], and NFS Version 4.2 [RFC7862].

5.1.  DDP-Eligibility

   Only the following XDR data items in the COMPOUND procedure of all
   NFS version 4 minor versions are DDP-eligible:

   o  The opaque data field in the WRITE4args structure

   o  The linkdata field of the NF4LNK arm in the createtype4 union

   o  The opaque data field in the READ4resok structure

   o  The linkdata field in the READLINK4resok structure

5.2.  Reply Size Estimation

   Within NFS version 4, there are certain variable-length result data
   items whose maximum size cannot be estimated by clients reliably
   because there is no protocol-specified size limit on these arrays.
   These include:

   o  The attrlist4 field

   o  Fields containing ACLs such as fattr4_acl, fattr4_dacl,
      fattr4_sacl

   o  Fields in the fs_locations4 and fs_locations_info4 data structures

   o  Fields opaque to the NFS version 4 protocol which pertain to pNFS
      layout metadata, such as loc_body, loh_body, da_addr_body,
      lou_body, lrf_body, fattr_layout_types and fs_layout_types,

5.2.1.  Reply Size Estimation for Minor Version 0

   The NFS version 4.0 protocol itself does not impose any bound on the
   size of NFS calls or responses.

   Some of the data items enumerated in Section 5.2 (in particular, the
   items related to ACLs and fs_locations) make it difficult to predict



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 7]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   the maximum size of NFS version 4.0 replies that interrogate
   variable-length fattr4 attributes.  Client implementations might rely
   on their own internal architectural limits to constrain the reply
   size, but such limits are not always guaranteed to be reliable.

   When an especially large fattr4 result is expected, a Reply chunk
   might be required.  An NFS version 4.0 client can use short Reply
   chunk retry when an NFS COMPOUND containing a GETATTR operation
   encounters a transport error.

   The use of NFS COMPOUND operations raises the possibility of requests
   that combine a non-idempotent operation (e.g.  RENAME) with a GETATTR
   operation that requests one or more variable-length results.  This
   combination should be avoided by ensuring that any GETATTR operation
   that requests a result of unpredictable length is sent in an NFS
   COMPOUND by itself.

5.2.2.  Reply Size Estimation for Minor Version 1 and Newer

   In NFS version 4.1 and newer minor versions, the csa_fore_chan_attrs
   argument of the CREATE_SESSION operation contains a
   ca_maxresponsesize field.  The value in this field can be taken as
   the absolute maximum size of replies generated by an NFS version 4.1
   server.

   This value can be used in cases where it is not possible to estimate
   a reply size upper bound precisely.  In practice, objects such as
   ACLs, named attributes, layout bodies, and security labels are much
   smaller than this maximum.

5.3.  RPC Binding Considerations

   NFS version 4 servers are required to listen on TCP port 2049, and
   they are not required to register with an rpcbind service [RFC7530].

   Therefore, an NFS version 4 server supporting RPC-over-RDMA Version
   One MUST use the alternative well-known port number for its RPC-over-
   RDMA service (see Section 8).  Clients SHOULD connect to this well-
   known port without consulting the RPC portmapper (as for NFS version
   4 on TCP transports).

5.4.  NFS COMPOUND Requests

5.4.1.  Multiple DDP-eligible Data Items

   An NFS version 4 COMPOUND procedure can contain more than one
   operation that carries a DDP-eligible data item.  An NFS version 4
   client provides XDR Position values in each Read chunk to



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 8]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   disambiguate which chunk is associated with which argument data item.
   However NFS version 4 server and client implementations must agree in
   advance on how to pair Write chunks with returned result data items.

   In the following list, a "READ operation" refers to any NFS Version 4
   operation which has a DDP-eligible result data item.  The mechanism
   specified in Section 4.3.2 of [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis]) is applied
   to this class of operations:

   o  If an NFS version 4 client wishes all DDP-eligible items in an NFS
      reply to be conveyed inline, it leaves the Write list empty.

   o  The first chunk in the Write list MUST be used by the first READ
      operation in an NFS version 4 COMPOUND procedure.  The next Write
      chunk is used by the next READ operation, and so on.

   o  If an NFS version 4 client has provided a matching non-empty Write
      chunk, then the corresponding READ operation MUST return its DDP-
      eligible data item using that chunk.

   o  If an NFS version 4 client has provided an empty matching Write
      chunk, then the corresponding READ operation MUST return all of
      its result data items inline.

   o  If a READ operation returns a union arm which does not contain a
      DDP-eligible result, and the NFS version 4 client has provided a
      matching non-empty Write chunk, an NFS version 4 server MUST
      return an empty Write chunk in that Write list position.

   o  If there are more READ operations than Write chunks, then
      remaining NFS Read operations in an NFS version 4 COMPOUND that
      have no matching Write chunk MUST return their results inline.

5.4.2.  NFS Version 4 COMPOUND Example

   The following example shows a Write list with three Write chunks, A,
   B, and C.  The NFS version 4 server consumes the provided Write
   chunks by writing the results of the designated operations in the
   compound request (READ and READLINK) back to each chunk.












Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017                [Page 9]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


      Write list:

         A --> B --> C

      NFS version 4 COMPOUND request:

         PUTFH LOOKUP READ PUTFH LOOKUP READLINK PUTFH LOOKUP READ
                       |                   |                   |
                       v                   v                   v
                       A                   B                   C


   If the NFS version 4 client does not want to have the READLINK result
   returned via RDMA, it provides an empty Write chunk for buffer B to
   indicate that the READLINK result must be returned inline.

5.5.  NFS Callback Requests

   The NFS version 4 family of protocols support server-initiated
   callbacks to notify NFS version 4 clients of events such as recalled
   delegations.

5.5.1.  NFS Version 4.0 Callback

   NFS version 4.0 implementations typically employ a separate TCP
   connection to handle callback operations, even when the forward
   channel uses an RPC-over-RDMA Version One transport.

   No operation in the NFS version 4.0 callback RPC Program conveys a
   significant data payload.  Therefore, no XDR data items in this RPC
   Program is DDP-eligible.

   A CB_RECALL reply is small and fixed in size.  The CB_GETATTR reply
   contains a variable-length fattr4 data item.  See Section 5.2.1 for a
   discussion of reply size prediction for this data item.

   An NFS version 4.0 client advertises netids and ad hoc port addresses
   for contacting its NFS version 4.0 callback service using the
   SETCLIENTID operation.

5.5.2.  NFS Version 4.1 Callback

   In NFS version 4.1 and newer minor versions, callback operations may
   appear on the same connection as is used for NFS version 4 forward
   channel client requests.  NFS version 4 clients and servers MUST use
   the approach described in [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rpcrdma-bidirection] when
   backchannel operations are conveyed on RPC-over-RDMA Version One
   transports.



Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 10]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   The csa_back_chan_attrs argument of the CREATE_SESSION operation
   contains a ca_maxresponsesize field.  The value in this field can be
   taken as the absolute maximum size of backchannel replies generated
   by a replying NFS version 4 client.

   There are no DDP-eligible data items in callback procedures defined
   in NFS version 4.1 or NFS version 4.2.  However, some callback
   operations, such as messages that convey device ID information, can
   be large, in which case a Long Call or Reply might be required.

   When an NFS version 4.1 client can support Long Calls in its
   backchannel, it reports a backchannel ca_maxrequestsize that is
   larger than the connection's inline thresholds.  Otherwise an NFS
   version 4 server MUST use only Short messages to convey backchannel
   operations.

5.6.  Session-Related Considerations

   The presence of an NFS session (defined in [RFC5661]) has no effect
   on the operation of RPC-over-RDMA Version One.  None of the
   operations introduced to support NFS sessions (e.g. the SEQUENCE
   operation) contain DDP-eligible data items.  There is no need to
   match the number of session slots with the number of available RPC-
   over-RDMA credits.

   However, there are a few new cases where an RPC transaction can fail.
   For example, a requester might receive, in response to an RPC
   request, an RDMA_ERROR message with an rdma_err value of ERR_CHUNK,
   or an RDMA_MSG containing an RPC_GARBAGEARGS reply.  These situations
   are no different from existing RPC errors which an NFS session
   implementation is already prepared to handle for other transports.
   And as with other transports during such a failure, there might be no
   SEQUENCE result available to the requester to distinguish whether
   failure occurred before or after the requested operations were
   executed on the responder.

   When a transport error occurs (e.g.  RDMA_ERROR), the requester
   proceeds as usual to match the incoming XID value to a waiting RPC
   Call.  The RPC transaction is terminated, and the result status is
   reported to the Upper Layer Protocol.  The requester's session
   implementation then determines the session ID and slot for the failed
   request, and performs slot recovery to make that slot usable again.
   If this is not done, that slot could be rendered permanently
   unavailable.







Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 11]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


5.7.  Transport Considerations

5.7.1.  Congestion Avoidance

   Section 3.1 of [RFC7530] states:

      Where an NFSv4 implementation supports operation over the IP
      network protocol, the supported transport layer between NFS and IP
      MUST be an IETF standardized transport protocol that is specified
      to avoid network congestion; such transports include TCP and the
      Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP).

   Section 2.9.1 of [RFC5661] also states:

      Even if NFSv4.1 is used over a non-IP network protocol, it is
      RECOMMENDED that the transport support congestion control.

      It is permissible for a connectionless transport to be used under
      NFSv4.1; however, reliable and in-order delivery of data combined
      with congestion control by the connectionless transport is
      REQUIRED.  As a consequence, UDP by itself MUST NOT be used as an
      NFSv4.1 transport.

   RPC-over-RDMA Version One is constructed on a platform of RDMA
   Reliable Connections [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] [RFC5041].  RDMA
   Reliable Connections are reliable, connection-oriented transports
   that guarantee in-order delivery, meeting all above requirements for
   NFS version 4 transports.

5.7.2.  Retransmission and Keep-alive

   NFS version 4 client implementations often rely on a transport-layer
   keep-alive mechanism to detect when an NFS version 4 server has
   become unresponsive.  When an NFS server is no longer responsive,
   client-side keep-alive terminates the connection, which in turn
   triggers reconnection and RPC retransmission.

   Some RDMA transports (such as Reliable Connections on InfiniBand)
   have no keep-alive mechanism.  Without a disconnect or new RPC
   traffic, such connections can remain alive long after an NFS server
   has become unresponsive.  Once an NFS client has consumed all
   available RPC-over-RDMA credits on that transport connection, it will
   forever await a reply before sending another RPC request.

   NFS version 4 clients SHOULD reserve one RPC-over-RDMA credit to use
   for periodic server or connection health assessment.  This credit can
   be used to drive an RPC request on an otherwise idle connection,




Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 12]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   triggering either a quick affirmative server response or immediate
   connection termination.

   In addition to network partition and request loss scenarios, RPC-
   over-RDMA transport connections can be terminated when a Transport
   header is malformed, Reply messages are larger than receive
   resources, or when too many RPC-over-RDMA messages are sent at once.
   In such cases:

   o  If there is a transport error indicated (ie, RDMA_ERROR) before
      the disconnect or instead of a disconnect, the requester MUST
      respond to that error as prescribed by the specification of the
      RPC transport.  Then the NFS version 4 rules for handling
      retransmission apply.

   o  If there is a transport disconnect and the responder has provided
      no other response for a request, then only the NFS version 4 rules
      for handling retransmission apply.

6.  Extending NFS Upper Layer Bindings

   RPC Programs such as NFS are required to have an Upper Layer Binding
   specification to interoperate on RPC-over-RDMA Version One transports
   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis].  Via standards action, the Upper Layer
   Binding specified in this document can be extended to cover versions
   of the NFS version 4 protocol specified after NFS version 4 minor
   version 2, or separately published extensions to an existing NFS
   version 4 minor version, as described in [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-versioning].

7.  Security Considerations

   RPC-over-RDMA Version One supports all RPC security models, including
   RPCSEC_GSS security and transport-level security [RFC2203].  The
   choice of what Direct Data Placement mechanism to convey RPC argument
   and results does not affect this, since it changes only the method of
   data transfer.  Specifically, the requirements of
   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] ensure that this choice does not
   introduce new vulnerabilities.

   Because this document defines only the binding of the NFS protocols
   atop [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis], all relevant security
   considerations are therefore to be described at that layer.

8.  IANA Considerations

   The use of direct data placement in NFS introduces a need for an
   additional port number assignment for networks that share traditional




Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 13]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   UDP and TCP port spaces with RDMA services.  The iWARP protocol is
   such an example [RFC5041] [RFC5040].

   For this purpose, a set of transport protocol port number assignments
   is specified by this document.  IANA has assigned the following ports
   for NFS/RDMA in the IANA port registry, according to the guidelines
   described in [RFC6335].


     nfsrdma 20049/tcp Network File System (NFS) over RDMA
     nfsrdma 20049/udp Network File System (NFS) over RDMA
     nfsrdma 20049/sctp Network File System (NFS) over RDMA


   This document should be listed as the reference for the nfsrdma port
   assignments.  This document does not alter these assignments.

9.  References

9.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis]
              Lever, C., Simpson, W., and T. Talpey, "Remote Direct
              Memory Access Transport for Remote Procedure Call, Version
              One", draft-ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis-11 (work in progress),
              March 2017.

   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rpcrdma-bidirection]
              Lever, C., "Bi-directional Remote Procedure Call On RPC-
              over-RDMA Transports", draft-ietf-nfsv4-rpcrdma-
              bidirection-08 (work in progress), March 2017.

   [RFC1833]  Srinivasan, R., "Binding Protocols for ONC RPC Version 2",
              RFC 1833, DOI 10.17487/RFC1833, August 1995,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1833>.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC2203]  Eisler, M., Chiu, A., and L. Ling, "RPCSEC_GSS Protocol
              Specification", RFC 2203, DOI 10.17487/RFC2203, September
              1997, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2203>.







Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 14]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   [RFC5661]  Shepler, S., Ed., Eisler, M., Ed., and D. Noveck, Ed.,
              "Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Minor Version 1
              Protocol", RFC 5661, DOI 10.17487/RFC5661, January 2010,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5661>.

   [RFC6335]  Cotton, M., Eggert, L., Touch, J., Westerlund, M., and S.
              Cheshire, "Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
              Procedures for the Management of the Service Name and
              Transport Protocol Port Number Registry", BCP 165,
              RFC 6335, DOI 10.17487/RFC6335, August 2011,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6335>.

   [RFC7530]  Haynes, T., Ed. and D. Noveck, Ed., "Network File System
              (NFS) Version 4 Protocol", RFC 7530, DOI 10.17487/RFC7530,
              March 2015, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7530>.

   [RFC7862]  Haynes, T., "Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Minor
              Version 2 Protocol", RFC 7862, DOI 10.17487/RFC7862,
              November 2016, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7862>.

9.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-versioning]
              Noveck, D., "Rules for NFSv4 Extensions and Minor
              Versions", draft-ietf-nfsv4-versioning-09 (work in
              progress), December 2016.

   [RFC1094]  Nowicki, B., "NFS: Network File System Protocol
              specification", RFC 1094, DOI 10.17487/RFC1094, March
              1989, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1094>.

   [RFC1813]  Callaghan, B., Pawlowski, B., and P. Staubach, "NFS
              Version 3 Protocol Specification", RFC 1813,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC1813, June 1995,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1813>.

   [RFC5040]  Recio, R., Metzler, B., Culley, P., Hilland, J., and D.
              Garcia, "A Remote Direct Memory Access Protocol
              Specification", RFC 5040, DOI 10.17487/RFC5040, October
              2007, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5040>.

   [RFC5041]  Shah, H., Pinkerton, J., Recio, R., and P. Culley, "Direct
              Data Placement over Reliable Transports", RFC 5041,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5041, October 2007,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5041>.






Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 15]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   [RFC5666]  Talpey, T. and B. Callaghan, "Remote Direct Memory Access
              Transport for Remote Procedure Call", RFC 5666,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5666, January 2010,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5666>.

   [RFC5667]  Talpey, T. and B. Callaghan, "Network File System (NFS)
              Direct Data Placement", RFC 5667, DOI 10.17487/RFC5667,
              January 2010, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5667>.

   [XNFS]     The Open Group, "Protocols for Interworking: XNFS, Version
              3W", February 1998.

Appendix A.  Changes Since RFC 5667

   Corrections and updates made necessary by new language in
   [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] have been introduced.  For example,
   references to deprecated features of RPC-over-RDMA Version One, such
   as RDMA_MSGP, and the use of the Read list for handling RPC replies,
   have been removed.  The term "mapping" has been replaced with the
   term "binding" or "Upper Layer Binding" throughout the document.
   Material that duplicates what is in [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] has
   been deleted.

   Material required by [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis] for Upper Layer
   Bindings that was not present in [RFC5667] has been added.  A
   complete discussion of reply size estimation has been introduced for
   all protocols covered by the Upper Layer Bindings in this document.

   Technical corrections have been made.  For example, the mention of
   12KB and 36KB inline thresholds have been removed.  The reference to
   a non-existant NFS version 4 SYMLINK operation has been replaced.

   The discussion of NFS version 4 COMPOUND handling has been completed.
   Some changes were made to the algorithm for matching DDP-eligible
   results to Write chunks.

   Requirements to ignore extra Read or Write chunks have been removed
   from the NFS version 2 and 3 Upper Layer Binding, as they conflict
   with [I-D.ietf-nfsv4-rfc5666bis].

   A section discussing NFS version 4 retransmission and connection loss
   has been added.

   The following additional improvements have been made, relative to
   [RFC5667]:






Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 16]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   o  An explicit discussion of NFS version 4.0 and NFS version 4.1
      backchannel operation has replaced the previous treatment of
      callback operations.

   o  A binding for NFS version 4.2 has been added.

   o  A section suggesting a mechanism for periodically assessing
      connection health has been introduced.

   o  Ambiguous or erroneous uses of RFC2119 terms have been corrected.

   o  References to obsolete RFCs have been updated.

   o  An IANA Considerations Section has been added, which specifies the
      port assignments for NFS/RDMA.  This replaces the example
      assignment that appeared in [RFC5666].

   o  Code excerpts have been removed, and figures have been modernized.

Appendix B.  Acknowledgments

   The author gratefully acknowledges the work of Brent Callaghan and
   Tom Talpey on the original NFS Direct Data Placement specification
   [RFC5667].  The author also wishes to thank Bill Baker and Greg
   Marsden for their support of this work.

   Dave Noveck provided excellent review, constructive suggestions, and
   consistent navigational guidance throughout the process of drafting
   this document.  Dave also contributed the text of Section 5.6 and
   Section 6, and insisted on precise discussion of reply size
   estimation.

   Thanks to Karen Deitke for her sharp observations about idempotency,
   and the clarity of the discussion of NFS COMPOUNDs and NFS sessions.

   Special thanks go to Transport Area Director Spencer Dawkins, nfsv4
   Working Group Chair Spencer Shepler, and nfsv4 Working Group
   Secretary Thomas Haynes for their support.

Author's Address











Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 17]


Internet-Draft           NFS on RPC-Over-RDMA V1              April 2017


   Charles Lever (editor)
   Oracle Corporation
   1015 Granger Avenue
   Ann Arbor, MI  48104
   USA

   Phone: +1 248 816 6463
   Email: chuck.lever@oracle.com











































Lever                    Expires October 6, 2017               [Page 18]