NETCONF Working Group                                          K. Watsen
Internet-Draft                                          Juniper Networks
Intended status: Standards Track                            June 4, 2018
Expires: December 6, 2018


                YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors
                  draft-ietf-netconf-trust-anchors-00

Abstract

   This document defines a YANG 1.1 data model for configuring global
   sets of X.509 certificates and SSH host-keys that can be referenced
   by other data models for trust.  While the SSH host-keys are uniquely
   for the SSH protocol, the X.509 certificates may have multiple uses,
   including authenticating protocol peers and verifying signatures.

Editorial Note (To be removed by RFC Editor)

   This draft contains many placeholder values that need to be replaced
   with finalized values at the time of publication.  This note
   summarizes all of the substitutions that are needed.  No other RFC
   Editor instructions are specified elsewhere in this document.

   Artwork in this document contains shorthand references to drafts in
   progress.  Please apply the following replacements:

   o  "XXXX" --> the assigned RFC value for this draft

   o  "YYYY" --> the assigned RFC value for draft-ietf-netconf-crypto-
      types

   Artwork in this document contains placeholder values for the date of
   publication of this draft.  Please apply the following replacement:

   o  "2018-06-04" --> the publication date of this draft

   The following Appendix section is to be removed prior to publication:

   o  Appendix A.  Change Log

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 1]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 6, 2018.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.2.  Tree Diagram Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  The Trust Anchors Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Tree Diagram  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  Example Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.3.  YANG Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   3.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   4.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     4.1.  The IETF XML Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     4.2.  The YANG Module Names Registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   5.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     5.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     5.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   Appendix A.  Change Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     A.1.  I-D to 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   Author's Address  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15






Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 2]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


1.  Introduction

   This document defines a YANG 1.1 [RFC7950] data model for configuring
   global sets of X.509 certificates and SSH host-keys that can be
   referenced by other data models for trust.  While the SSH host-keys
   are uniquely for the SSH protocol, the X.509 certificates may be used
   for multiple uses, including authenticating protocol peers and
   verifying signatures.

   This document in compliant with Network Management Datastore
   Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342].  For instance, to support trust
   anchors installed during manufacturing, it is expected that such data
   may appear only in <operational>.

1.1.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

1.2.  Tree Diagram Notation

   Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
   [RFC8340].

2.  The Trust Anchors Model

2.1.  Tree Diagram

   The following tree diagram provides an overview of the "ietf-trust-
   anchors" module.


















Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 3]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


   module: ietf-trust-anchors
     +--rw trust-anchors
        +--rw pinned-certificates* [name]
        |  +--rw name                  string
        |  +--rw description?          string
        |  +--rw pinned-certificate* [name]
        |     +--rw name                      string
        |     +--rw cert                      ct:trust-anchor-cert-cms
        |     +---n certificate-expiration
        |        +-- expiration-date?   yang:date-and-time
        +--rw pinned-host-keys* [name]
           +--rw name               string
           +--rw description?       string
           +--rw pinned-host-key* [name]
              +--rw name        string
              +--rw host-key    ct:ssh-host-key

2.2.  Example Usage

   The following example illustrates trust anchors in <operational> as
   described by Section 5.3 in [RFC8342].  This datastore view
   illustrates data set by the manufacturing process alongside
   conventional configuration.  This trust anchors instance has five
   sets of pinned certificates and one set of pinned host keys.

   <trust-anchors
      xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-trust-anchors"
      xmlns:or="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-origin">

     <!-- Manufacturer's trusted root CA certs -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:system">
       <name>manufacturers-root-ca-certs</name>
       <description>
         Certificates built into the device for authenticating
         manufacturer-signed objects, such as TLS server certificates,
         vouchers, etc.  Note, though listed here, these are not
         configurable; any attempt to do so will be denied.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>Manufacturer Root CA cert 1</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>Manufacturer Root CA cert 2</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>




Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 4]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


     <!-- specific end-entity certs for authenticating servers -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:intended">
       <name>explicitly-trusted-server-certs</name>
       <description>
         Specific server authentication certificates for explicitly
         trusted servers.  These are needed for server certificates
         that are not signed by a pinned CA.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>Fred Flintstone</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>

     <!-- trusted CA certs for authenticating servers -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:intended">
       <name>explicitly-trusted-server-ca-certs</name>
       <description>
         Trust anchors (i.e. CA certs) that are used to authenticate
         server connections.  Servers are authenticated if their
         certificate has a chain of trust to one of these CA
         certificates.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>ca.example.com</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>

     <!-- specific end-entity certs for authenticating clients -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:intended">
       <name>explicitly-trusted-client-certs</name>
       <description>
         Specific client authentication certificates for explicitly
         trusted clients.  These are needed for client certificates
         that are not signed by a pinned CA.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>George Jetson</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>

     <!-- trusted CA certs for authenticating clients -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:intended">
       <name>explicitly-trusted-client-ca-certs</name>
       <description>
         Trust anchors (i.e. CA certs) that are used to authenticate



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 5]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


         client connections.  Clients are authenticated if their
         certificate has a chain of trust to one of these CA
         certificates.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>ca.example.com</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>

     <!-- trusted CA certs for random HTTPS servers on Internet -->
     <pinned-certificates or:origin="or:system">
       <name>common-ca-certs</name>
       <description>
         Trusted certificates to authenticate common HTTPS servers.
         These certificates are similar to those that might be
         shipped with a web browser.
       </description>
       <pinned-certificate>
         <name>ex-certificate-authority</name>
         <cert>base64encodedvalue==</cert>
       </pinned-certificate>
     </pinned-certificates>

     <!-- specific SSH host keys for authenticating clients -->
     <pinned-host-keys or:origin="or:intended">
       <name>explicitly-trusted-ssh-host-keys</name>
       <description>
         Trusted SSH host keys used to authenticate SSH servers.
         These host keys would be analogous to those stored in
         a known_hosts file in OpenSSH.
       </description>
       <pinned-host-key>
         <name>corp-fw1</name>
         <host-key>base64encodedvalue==</host-key>
       </pinned-host-key>
     </pinned-host-keys>

   </trust-anchors>

   The following example illustrates the "certificate-expiration"
   notification in use with the NETCONF protocol.









Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 6]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


   [Note: '\' line wrapping for formatting only]

   <notification
     xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:notification:1.0">
     <eventTime>2018-05-25T00:01:00Z</eventTime>
     <trust-anchors
       xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-trust-anchors">
       <pinned-certificates>
         <name>explicitly-trusted-client-certs</name>
         <pinned-certificate>
           <name>George Jetson</name>
           <certificate-expiration>
             <expiration-date>2018-08-05T14:18:53-05:00</expiration-dat\
   e>
           </certificate-expiration>
         </pinned-certificate>
       </pinned-certificates>
     </trust-anchors>
   </notification>


2.3.  YANG Module

   This YANG module imports modules from [RFC6536], [RFC6991] and
   [I-D.ietf-netconf-crypto-types].

     <CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-trust-anchors@2018-06-04.yang"
   module ietf-trust-anchors {
     yang-version 1.1;

     namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-trust-anchors";
     prefix "ta";

     import ietf-yang-types {
       prefix yang;
       reference
         "RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
     }

     import ietf-crypto-types {
       prefix ct;
       reference
         "RFC YYYY: Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography";
     }

     organization
      "IETF NETCONF (Network Configuration) Working Group";




Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 7]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


     contact
      "WG Web:   <http://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/netconf/>
       WG List:  <mailto:netconf@ietf.org>

       Author:   Kent Watsen
                 <mailto:kwatsen@juniper.net>";


     description
      "This module defines a data model for configuring global
       trust anchors used by other data models.  The data model
       enables the configuration of sets of trust anchors.
       This data model supports configuring trust anchors for
       both X.509 certificates and SSH host keys.

       Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified
       as authors of the code. All rights reserved.

       Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with
       or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
       subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified
       BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
       Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
       (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

       This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
       the RFC itself for full legal notices.";

     revision "2018-06-04" {
       description
        "Initial version";
       reference
        "RFC XXXX: YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors";
     }


     /************************************************************/
     /*   Typedefs for leafrefs to commonly referenced objects   */
     /************************************************************/

     typedef pinned-certificates-ref {
       type leafref {
         path "/ta:trust-anchors/ta:pinned-certificates/ta:name";
         require-instance false;
       }
       description
         "This typedef enables importing modules to easily define a
          leafref to a 'pinned-certificates' object.  The require



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 8]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


          instance attribute is false to enable the referencing of
          pinned certificates that exist only in <operational>.";
       reference
         "RFC 8342: Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA)";
     }

     typedef pinned-host-keys-ref {
       type leafref {
         path "/ta:trust-anchors/ta:pinned-host-keys/ta:name";
         require-instance false;
       }
       description
         "This typedef enables importing modules to easily define a
          leafref to a 'pinned-host-keys' object.  The require
          instance attribute is false to enable the referencing of
          pinned host keys that exist only in <operational>.";
       reference
         "RFC 8342: Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA)";
     }


     /*********************************/
     /*   Protocol accessible nodes   */
     /*********************************/

     container trust-anchors {
       description
         "Contains sets of X.509 certificates and SSH host keys.";

       list pinned-certificates {
         key name;
         description
           "A list of pinned certificates.  These certificates can be
            used by a server to authenticate clients, or by a client
            to authenticate servers.  Each list of pinned certificates
            SHOULD be specific to a purpose, as the list as a whole
            may be referenced by other modules.  For instance, a
            NETCONF server's configuration might use a specific list
            of pinned certificates for when authenticating NETCONF
            client connections.";
         leaf name {
           type string;
           description
             "An arbitrary name for this list of pinned
              certificates.";
         }
         leaf description {
           type string;



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018                [Page 9]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


           description
             "An arbitrary description for this list of pinned
              certificates.";
         }
         list pinned-certificate {
           key name;
           description
             "A pinned certificate.";
           leaf name {
             type string;
             description
               "An arbitrary name for this pinned certificate. The
                name must be unique across all lists of pinned
                certificates (not just this list) so that leafrefs
                from another module can resolve to unique values.";
           }
           leaf cert {
             type ct:trust-anchor-cert-cms;
             mandatory true;
             description
               "The binary certificate data for this pinned
                certificate.";
             reference
               "RFC YYYY: Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography";
           }
           notification certificate-expiration {
             description
              "A notification indicating that the configured trust
               anchor is either about to expire or has already expired.
               When to send notifications is an implementation specific
               decision, but it is RECOMMENDED that a notification be
               sent once a month for 3 months, then once a week for
               four weeks, and then once a day thereafter until the
               issue is resolved.";
             leaf expiration-date {
               type yang:date-and-time;
               //mandatory true;
               description
                 "Identifies the expiration date on the certificate.";
             }
           }

         }
       }
       list pinned-host-keys {
         key name;
         description
           "A list of pinned host keys.  These pinned host-keys can



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 10]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


            be used by clients to authenticate SSH servers.  Each
            list of pinned host keys SHOULD be specific to a purpose,
            so the list as a whole may be referenced by other modules.
            For instance, a NETCONF client's configuration might
            point to a specific list of pinned host keys for when
            authenticating specific SSH servers.";
         leaf name {
           type string;
           description
             "An arbitrary name for this list of pinned SSH
              host keys.";
         }
         leaf description {
           type string;
           description
             "An arbitrary description for this list of pinned SSH
              host keys.";
         }
         list pinned-host-key {
           key name;
           description
             "A pinned host key.";
           leaf name {
             type string;
             description
               "An arbitrary name for this pinned host-key. Must be
                unique across all lists of pinned host-keys (not just
                this list) so that a leafref to it from another module
                can resolve to unique values.";
           }
           leaf host-key {
             type ct:ssh-host-key;
             mandatory true;
             description
               "The binary public key data for this pinned host key.";
             reference
               "RFC YYYY: Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography";
           }
         }
       }
     }

   }
     <CODE ENDS>







Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 11]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


3.  Security Considerations

   The YANG module defined in this document is designed to be accessed
   via YANG based management protocols, such as NETCONF [RFC6241] and
   RESTCONF [RFC8040].  Both of these protocols have mandatory-to-
   implement secure transport layers (e.g., SSH, TLS) with mutual
   authentication.

   The NETCONF access control model (NACM) [RFC6536] provides the means
   to restrict access for particular users to a pre-configured subset of
   all available protocol operations and content.

   There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
   writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
   default).  These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
   in some network environments.  Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
   to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
   effect on network operations.  These are the subtrees and data nodes
   and their sensitivity/vulnerability:

      /: The entire data tree defined by this module is sensitive to
         write operations.  For instance, the addition or removal of any
         trust anchor may dramatically alter the implemented security
         policy.  However, no NACM annotations are applied as the data
         SHOULD be editable by users other than a designated 'recovery
         session'.

   None of the readable data nodes in this YANG module are considered
   sensitive or vulnerable in network environments.

   This module does not define any RPCs, actions, or notifications, and
   thus the security consideration for such is not provided here.

4.  IANA Considerations

4.1.  The IETF XML Registry

   This document registers one URI in the "ns" subregistry of the IETF
   XML Registry [RFC3688].  Following the format in [RFC3688], the
   following registration is requested:

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-trust-anchors
      Registrant Contact: The NETCONF WG of the IETF.
      XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.







Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 12]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


4.2.  The YANG Module Names Registry

   This document registers one YANG module in the YANG Module Names
   registry [RFC6020].  Following the format in [RFC6020], the the
   following registration is requested:

      name:         ietf-trust-anchors
      namespace:    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-trust-anchors
      prefix:       ta
      reference:    RFC XXXX


5.  References

5.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-netconf-crypto-types]
              Watsen, K., "Common YANG Data Types for Cryptography",
              draft-ietf-netconf-crypto-types-00 (work in progress),
              June 2018.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6536]  Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
              Protocol (NETCONF) Access Control Model", RFC 6536,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6536, March 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6536>.

   [RFC6991]  Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
              RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.

   [RFC7950]  Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
              RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

5.2.  Informative References

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.



Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 13]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


   [RFC6020]  Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
              the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.

   [RFC6241]  Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
              and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
              (NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.

   [RFC8040]  Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
              Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.

   [RFC8340]  Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
              BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.

   [RFC8342]  Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
              and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
              (NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.





























Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 14]


Internet-Draft  YANG Data Model for Global Trust Anchors       June 2018


Appendix A.  Change Log

A.1.  I-D to 00

   o  Now imports and uses the crypto-types module.

   o  FIXME

   o  FIXME

   o  FIXME: added notification example...

Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank for following for lively discussions
   on list and in the halls (ordered by last name): Martin Bjorklund,
   Balazs Kovacs, Eric Voit, and Liang Xia.

Author's Address

   Kent Watsen
   Juniper Networks

   EMail: kwatsen@juniper.net



























Watsen                  Expires December 6, 2018               [Page 15]