ICN Research Group J. Hong
Internet-Draft T. You
Intended status: Informational Y-G. Hong
Expires: May 3, 2018 ETRI
October 30, 2017
CCNx Extension for Name Resolution Service
draft-hong-icnrg-ccnx-nrs-00
Abstract
This document presents the CCNx extension for Name Resolution Service
(NRS). It describes TLV-based CCNx messages for NRS and modification
of CCNx forwarder where the messages for NRS are working.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Conventions and Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Mappig System for Name Resolution Service in CCN . . . . . . 3
4. CCNx Extension for Name Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.1. Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.2. Content Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.3. Forwarder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. CCNx Extension for Name Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1. Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2. Content Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.3. Forwarder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1. Introduction
In Information Centric Networking (ICN)[RFC7927], the name resolution
is defined as the first step of ICN routing along with content
discovery and delivery, which translates a content name to locator(s)
of providers/sources that can provide the content. However, the name
resolution step can be omitted in the hierarchical name based
routing.
NDN [NDN] and CCN [CCN] are representative projects of ICN which use
the hierarchical name based routing. Nevertheless, in [Afanasyev],
in order to address the routing scalability problem in NDN's DFZ, a
distributed mapping system called NDNS was designed, which maintains
and lookups the mapping information from a name to its globally
routed prefixes. Here, NDNS is a kind of Name Resolution Service
(NRS) in NDN.
Similarly, CCN also has a challlenge to address the routing
scalability problem in CCN's DFZ even though CCN uses the
hierarchical name based routing. Thus, NRS can be utilized in CCN
for the scalable name based routing as well as the efficient mobility
support.
This document presents the design of NRS-Mapping System (NRS-MS)
which is a system that provides the name resolution service in CCN
and its implementation by extending CCNx. It also describes TLV-
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based CCNx messages for NRS and modification of CCNx forwarder where
the messages for NRS are working.
2. Conventions and Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
This document uses the terminology of [CCNxSemantics] and
[CCNxMessages] for CCNx entities.
The following terms are used in this document and defined as follows:
o Mapping Server (MS) : stores and maintains the actual mapping
table which keeps the bindings of name to some information that is
used for forwarding Interest. MS is a role of NRS resolver and
all NRS messages are processed though the MS. In other words, CCN
nodes such as consumer, provider communicate with only MS to get
the name resolution service. Thus we design the MS using C CN
protocol assuming that the NRS is served at the content router
(CR) and each CR knows its default MS.
o Name List Server (NLS) : is constructed by the DNS-like tree
according to the name hierarchy. NLS is only used to find the
corresponding MS which stores the binding information of the
requested name since CR sends the NRS lookup request to its
default MS whether it has the binding information of the requested
name or not. MS is located at the second level NLS and we have
utilized the IP for the communications between MSs and NLSs.
3. Mappig System for Name Resolution Service in CCN
This document presents the new implementation of NRS-MS functions
based on extension of CCNx to show usefulness of NRS in CCN. We
design a simple scenario to maximize NRS usefulness and to understand
NRS functionalities easily.
o Scenario : Similar with CDN approach, multiple media servers
containing popular contents can be deployed in different areas,
but all of media data in replica servers (RSs) must have
equivalent name to keep data integrity as one publisher's
authority. In order to take an advantage from the replica
servers, NRS can be utilized to lookup the physical locations of
the rplica servers. The nearest replica server can be chosen from
the information resolved by NRS.
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o Design choices : We design and implement a new entity named a
Mapping Server (MS) by extension of content router (CR). The MS
can be deployed by single network provider. Moreover, we assume
that an ICN edge domain is required to have at least one MS. MS
maintains mapping information between name and another name and
processes a lookup request and its response. Consumer is not
changed. The first hop content router (CR1) like a first hop
router should have a communication channel toward a mapping
server. We design new messages to implement NRS functionalities
just by following the CCNx messages in TLV format [CCNxMessages]
by extension of optional fields.
+-----+
| MS |
+-----+
|
|
+----------+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
| Consumer |---| CR1 |---| CR2 |---| RS1 |
+----------+ +-----+ +-----+ +-----+
\
\
+-----+ +-----+
| CR3 |---| RS2 |
+-----+ +-----+
Figure 1: Replica server scenario
4. CCNx Extension for Name Resolution
We have implemented the NRS for CCN based on CCNx. This means that
the name is resolved by Interest and Content Object packets defined
in CCNx. We define two types of Interest packets for NRS: Interest
for registration (I-reg) and Interest for lookup (I-get) which are
sent from a proper CR to its default MS for name registration and
lookup, respectively. We also define two types of Content Object
(CO) packets: CO-reg and CO-get which are corresponding to the I-reg
and I-get, respectively. We have utilized the nested header format
used in CCNx [CCNxMessages] to enable the newly defined packets.
4.1. Interest
I-get is an Interest packet requesting the name resolution. It has
the name of MS first where it needs to be sent.
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1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Version | PT_INTEREST | PacketLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| HopLimit | Reserved | Flags | HeaderLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| MessageType, T_NAME | MessageLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Name TLV (MS Name) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| MessageType, T_GET | MessageLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Name TLV (requested Name) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
Figure 2: Interest packet format for name resolution request
[TBD]
4.2. Content Object
CO-get is a Content Object packet replying to the name resolution
request, I-get.
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Version | PT_CONTENT | PacketLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Reserved | Flags | HeaderLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| MessageType, T_NAME | MessageLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Name TLV (requested Name) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| MessageType, T_PAYLDTYPE_GET | MessageLength |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
| Name TLV (acquired Name) |
+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
Figure 3: Content Object packet format for name resolution request
[TBD]
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4.3. Forwarder
Forwarder has been modified to make the I-get and CO-get working
properly. PIT is updated by the resolution requesting name.
[TBD]
5. CCNx Extension for Name Management
[TBD]
5.1. Interest
[TBD]
5.2. Content Object
[TBD]
5.3. Forwarder
[TBD]
6. IANA Considerations
There are no IANA considerations related to this document.
7. Security Considerations
[TBD]
8. Acknowledgements
[TBD]
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
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[RFC7927] Kutscher, D., Ed., Eum, S., Pentikousis, K., Psaras, I.,
Corujo, D., Saucez, D., Schmidt, T., and M. Waehlisch,
"Information-Centric Networking (ICN) Research
Challenges", RFC 7927, DOI 10.17487/RFC7927, July 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7927>.
9.2. Informative References
[NDN] "NSF Named Data Networking project.",
http://www.named-data.net .
[CCN] "Content Centric Networking project.",
https://wiki.fd.io/view/Cicn .
[Afanasyev]
Afanasyev, A. et al., "SNAMP: Secure Namespace Mapping to
Scale NDN Forwarding", IEEE Global Internet Symposium ,
April 2015.
[CCNxSemantics]
Mosko, M., Solis, I., and C. Wood, "CCNx Semantics",
draft-irtf-icnrg-ccnxsemantics-06 , October 2017.
[CCNxMessages]
Mosko, M., Solis, I., and C. Wood, "CCNx Messages in TLV
Format", draft-irtf-icnrg-ccnxmessages-06 , October 2017.
Authors' Addresses
Jungha Hong
ETRI
218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseung-Gu
Daejeon 34129
Korea
Phone: +82 42 860 0926
Email: jhong@etri.re.kr
Tae-Wan You
ETRI
218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseung-Gu
Daejeon 34129
Korea
Phone: +82 42 860 0642
Email: twyou@etri.re.kr
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Yong-Geun Hong
ETRI
218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseung-Gu
Daejeon 34129
Korea
Phone: +82 42 860 6557
Email: yghong@etri.re.kr
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