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A YANG Data Model for In-Situ OAM
draft-zhou-ippm-ioam-yang-05

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
Authors Tianran Zhou , Jim Guichard , Frank Brockners , Srihari Raghavan
Last updated 2020-01-01 (Latest revision 2019-06-25)
Replaced by draft-ietf-ippm-ioam-yang
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draft-zhou-ippm-ioam-yang-05
IPPM                                                        T. Zhou, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                    Huawei
Intended status: Standards Track                             J. Guichard
Expires: July 5, 2020                                          Futurewei
                                                            F. Brockners
                                                             S. Raghavan
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                         January 2, 2020

                   A YANG Data Model for In-Situ OAM
                      draft-zhou-ippm-ioam-yang-05

Abstract

   In-situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) records
   operational and telemetry information in user packets while the
   packets traverse a path between two points in the network.  This
   document defines a YANG module for the IOAM function.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on July 5, 2020.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
     1.1.  Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Design of the IOAM YANG Data Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Profiles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  Preallocated Tracing Profile  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.3.  Incremental Tracing Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.4.  Proof of Transit Profile  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.5.  Edge to Edge Profile  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   3.  IOAM YANG Module  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   4.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   5.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   6.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21

1.  Introduction

   In-situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)
   [I-D.ietf-ippm-ioam-data] records OAM information within user packets
   while the packets traverse a network.  The data types and data
   formats for IOAM data records have been defined in
   [I-D.ietf-ippm-ioam-data].  The IOAM data can be embedded in many
   protocol encapsulations such as Network Services Header, Segment
   Routing, and IPv6 [I-D.brockners-inband-oam-transport].

   This document defines a data model for IOAM capabilities using the
   YANG data modeling language [RFC7950].  This YANG model supports all
   the three categories of IOAM data, which are Tracing Option, Proof of
   Transit Option, and Edge-to-Edge Option.

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1.1.  Tree Diagrams

   The meaning of the symbols in these diagrams is as follows:

   o  Brackets "[" and "]" enclose list keys.

   o  Curly braces "{" and "}" contain names of optional features that
      make the corresponding node conditional.

   o  Abbreviations before data node names: "rw" means configuration
      (read-write), "ro" state data (read-only).

   o  Symbols after data node names: "?" means an optional node, "!" a
      container with presence, and "*" denotes a "list" or "leaf-list".

   o  Parentheses enclose choice and case nodes, and case nodes are also
      marked with a colon (":").

   o  Ellipsis ("...") stands for contents of subtrees that are not
      shown.

2.  Design of the IOAM YANG Data Model

2.1.  Profiles

   The IOAM model is organized as list of profiles as shown in the
   following figure.  Each profile associates with one flow and the
   corresponding IOAM information.

   module: ietf-ioam
      +--rw ioam
         +--rw ioam-profiles
            +--rw admin-config
            |  +--rw enabled?   boolean
            +--rw ioam-profile* [profile-name]
               +--rw profile-name                    string
               +--rw filter
               |  +--rw filter-type?   ioam-filter-type
               |  +--rw acl-name?      -> /acl:acls/acl/name
               +--rw protocol-type?                  ioam-protocol-type
               +--rw incremental-tracing-profile {incremental-trace}?
               |  ...
               +--rw preallocated-tracing-profile {preallocated-trace}?
               |  ...
               +--rw pot-profile {proof-of-transit}?
               |  ...
               +--rw e2e-profile {edge-to-edge}?
                  ...

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   The "enabled" is an administrative configuration.  When it is set to
   true, IOAM configuration is enabled for the system.  Meanwhile, the
   IOAM data-plane functionality is enabled.

   The "filter" is used to identify a flow, where the IOAM profile can
   apply.  There may be multiple filter types.  ACL is the default one.

   The IOAM data can be encapsulated into multiple protocols, e.g., IPv6
   [RFC8200], Geneve [I-D.ietf-nvo3-geneve],VxLAN-GPE
   [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe].  The "protocol-type" is used to indicate
   where the IOAM is applied.  For example, if the "protocol-type" is
   IPv6, the IOAM ingress node will encapsulate the associated flow with
   the IPv6-IOAM [I-D.brockners-inband-oam-transport] format.

   IOAM data includes three usage options with four encapsulation types,
   i.e., incremental tracing data, preallocated tracing data, prove of
   transit data and end to end data.  In practice, multiple IOAM data
   types can be encapsulated into the same IOAM header.  The "ioam-
   profile" contains a set of sub-profiles, each of which relates to one
   encapsulation type.  The configured object may not support all the
   sub-profiles.  The supported sub-profiles are indicated by 4 defined
   features, i.e., "incremental-trace", "preallocated-trace", "proof-of-
   transit", "edge-to-edge".

2.2.  Preallocated Tracing Profile

   The IOAM tracing data is expected to be collected at every node that
   a packet traverses to ensure visibility into the entire path a packet
   takes within an IOAM domain.  The preallocated tracing option will
   create pre-allocated space for each node to populate its information
   . The "preallocated-tracing-profile" contains the detailed
   information for the preallocated tracing data.  The information
   includes:

   o  enabled: indicates whether the preallocated tracing profile is
      enabled.

   o  node-action: indicates the operation (e.g., encapsulate IOAM
      header, transit the IOAM data, or decapsulate IOAM header) applied
      to the dedicated flow.

   o  use-namespace: indicate the namespace used for the trace types.

   o  trace-type: indicates the per-hop data to be captured by the IOAM
      enabled nodes and included in the node data list.

   o  Loopback mode is used to send a copy of a packet back towards the
      source.

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   +--rw preallocated-tracing-profile {preallocated-trace}?
      +--rw enabled?                boolean
      +--rw node-action?            ioam-node-action
      +--rw trace-types
      |  +--rw use-namespace?   ioam-namespace
      |  +--rw trace-type*      ioam-trace-type
      +--rw enable-loopback-mode?   boolean

2.3.  Incremental Tracing Profile

   The incremental tracing option contains a variable node data fields
   where each node allocates and pushes its node data immediately
   following the option header.  The "incremental-tracing-profile"
   contains the detailed information for the incremental tracing data.
   The detailed information is the same as the Preallocated Tracing
   Profile, but with one more variable, "max-length", which restricts
   the length of the IOAM header.

   +--rw incremental-tracing-profile {incremental-trace}?
      +--rw enabled?                boolean
      +--rw node-action?            ioam-node-action
      +--rw trace-types
      |  +--rw use-namespace?   ioam-namespace
      |  +--rw trace-type*   ioam-trace-type
      +--rw enable-loopback-mode?   boolean
      +--rw max-length?             uint32

2.4.  Proof of Transit Profile

   The IOAM Proof of Transit data is to support the path or service
   function chain verification use cases.  The "pot-profile" contains
   the detailed information for the prove of transit data.  The detailed
   information are described in [I-D.brockners-proof-of-transit].

   +--rw pot-profile {proof-of-transit}?
      +--rw enabled?                boolean
      +--rw active-profile-index?   pot:profile-index-range
      +--rw pot-profile-list* [pot-profile-index]
         +--rw pot-profile-index    profile-index-range
         +--rw prime-number         uint64
         +--rw secret-share         uint64
         +--rw public-polynomial    uint64
         +--rw lpc                  uint64
         +--rw validator?           boolean
         +--rw validator-key?       uint64
         +--rw bitmask?             uint64

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2.5.  Edge to Edge Profile

   The IOAM edge to edge option is to carry data that is added by the
   IOAM encapsulating node and interpreted by IOAM decapsulating node.
   The "e2e-profile" contains the detailed information for the edge to
   edge data.  The detailed information includes:

   o  enabled: indicates whether the edge to edge profile is enabled.

   o  node-action is the same semantic as in Section 2.2.

   o  use-namespace: indicate the namespace used for the edge to edge
      types.

   o  e2e-type indicates data to be carried from the ingress IOAM node
      to the egress IOAM node.

   +--rw e2e-profile {edge-to-edge}?
      +--rw enabled?       boolean
      +--rw node-action?   ioam-node-action
      +--rw e2e-types
         +--rw use-namespace?   ioam-namespace
         +--rw e2e-type*        ioam-e2e-type

3.  IOAM YANG Module

 <CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-ioam@2018-06-27.yang"
 module ietf-ioam {
   yang-version 1.1;
   namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam";
   prefix "ioam";
   import ietf-pot-profile {
     prefix "pot";
   }

   import ietf-access-control-list {
     prefix "acl";
   }

   organization
     "IETF IPPM (IP Performance Metrics) Working Group";

   contact
     "WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/ippm>
      WG List: <ippm@ietf.org>
      Editor: zhoutianran@huawei.com";

   description

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     "This YANG module specifies a vendor-independent data
      model for the in Situ OAM (iOAM).";

   revision 2019-06-26 {
     description "Initial revision.";
     reference "draft-zhou-ippm-ioam-yang";
   }

  /*
   * FEATURES
   */

   feature incremental-trace
   {
     description
       "This feature indicated that the incremental tracing mode is
        supported";
   }

   feature preallocated-trace
   {
     description
       "This feature indicated that the preallocated tracing mode is
        supported";
   }

   feature proof-of-transit
   {
     description
       "This feature indicated that the proof of transit mode is
        supported";
   }

   feature edge-to-edge
   {
     description
       "This feature indicated that the edge to edge mode is
        supported";
   }

  /*
   * IDENTITIES
   */
   identity base-filter {
     description
       "Base identity to represent a filter. A filter is used to
       specify the flow to apply the iOAM profile. ";
   }

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   identity acl-filter {
     base base-filter;
     description
       "Apply ACL rule to specify the flow.";
   }

   identity base-protocol {
     description
       "Base identity to represent the carrier protocol. It's used to
        indicate what layer and protocol the iOAM data is embedded.";
   }

   identity ipv6-protocol {
     base base-protocol;
     description
       "The described iOAM data is embedded in ipv6 protocol.";
   }

   identity base-node-action {
     description
       "Base identity to represent the node actions. It's used to
        indicate what action the node will take.";
   }

   identity encapsulate {
     base base-node-action;
     description
       "indicate the node is to encapsulate the iOAM packet";
   }

   identity transit {
     base base-node-action;
     description
       "indicate the node is to transit the iOAM packet";
   }

   identity decapsulate {
     base base-node-action;
     description
       "indicate the node is to decapsulate the iOAM packet";
   }

   identity base-trace-type {
     description
       "Base identity to represent trace types";
   }

   identity trace-hop-lim-node-id {

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     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of Hop_Lim and node_id in the
        node data.";
   }

   identity trace-if-id {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of ingress_if_id and egress_if_id in the
        node data.";
   }

   identity trace-timestamp-seconds {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of time stamp seconds in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-timestamp-nanoseconds {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of time stamp nanoseconds in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-transit-delay {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of transit delay in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-namespace-data {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of namespace specific data (short format)
        in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-queue-depth {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of queue depth in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-opaque-state-snapshot {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of variable length Opaque State Snapshot

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        field.";
   }

   identity trace-hop-lim-node-id-wide {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of Hop_Lim and node_id wide in the
        node data.";
   }

   identity trace-if-id-wide {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of ingress_if_id and egress_if_id wide in
        the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-namespace-data-wide {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of namespace specific data in wide format
        in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-buffer-occupancy {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of buffer occupancy in the node data.";
   }

   identity trace-checksum-complement {
     base base-trace-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of the Checksum Complement node data.";
   }

   identity base-pot-type {
     description
       "Base identity to represent pot types";
   }

   identity pot-bytes-16 {
     base base-pot-type;
     description
       "POT data is a 16 Octet field.";
   }

   identity base-e2e-type {

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     description
       "Base identity to represent e2e types";
   }

   identity e2e-seq-num-64 {
     base base-e2e-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of a 64-bit sequence number";
   }

   identity e2e-seq-num-32 {
     base base-e2e-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of a 32-bit sequence number";
   }

   identity e2e-timestamp-seconds {
     base base-e2e-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of timestamp seconds for the
        transmission of the frame";
   }

   identity e2e-timestamp-subseconds {
     base base-e2e-type;
     description
       "indicates presence of timestamp subseconds for the
        transmission of the frame";
   }

   identity base-namespace {
     description
       "Base identity to represent the namespace";
   }

   identity namespace-ietf {
     base base-namespace;
     description
       "namespace that specified in IETF.";
   }

  /*
   * TYPE DEFINITIONS
   */

   typedef ioam-filter-type {
     type identityref {
       base base-filter;

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     }
     description
       "Specifies a known type of filter.";
   }

   typedef ioam-protocol-type {
     type identityref {
       base base-protocol;
     }
     description
       "Specifies a known type of carrier protocol for the iOAM data.";
   }

   typedef ioam-node-action {
     type identityref {
       base base-node-action;
     }
     description
       "Specifies a known type of node action.";
   }

   typedef ioam-trace-type {
     type identityref {
       base base-trace-type;
     }
     description
       "Specifies a known trace type.";
   }

   typedef ioam-pot-type {
     type identityref {
       base base-pot-type;
     }
     description
       "Specifies a known pot type.";
   }

   typedef ioam-e2e-type {
     type identityref {
       base base-e2e-type;
     }
     description
       "Specifies a known e2e type.";
   }

   typedef ioam-namespace {
     type identityref {
       base base-namespace;

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     }
     description
       "Specifies the supported namespace.";
   }

  /*
   * GROUP DEFINITIONS
   */

   grouping ioam-filter {
     description "A grouping for iOAM filter definition";

     leaf filter-type {
       type ioam-filter-type;
       description "filter type";
     }

     leaf acl-name {
       when "../filter-type = 'acl-filter'";
       type leafref {
         path "/acl:acls/acl:acl/acl:name";
       }
       description "Access Control List name.";
     }
   }

   grouping ioam-incremental-tracing-profile {
     description
       "A grouping for incremental tracing profile.";

     leaf node-action {
       type ioam-node-action;
       description "node action";
     }

     container trace-types {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       description
         "the list of trace types for encapsulate";

       leaf use-namespace {
         type ioam-namespace;
         description
           "the namespace used for the encapsulation";
       }

       leaf-list trace-type {
         type ioam-trace-type;

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         description
           "The trace type is only defined at the encapsulation node.";
       }
     }

     leaf enable-loopback-mode {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       type boolean;
       default false;
       description
         "Loopback mode is used to send a copy of a packet back towards
         the source. The loopback mode is only defined at the
         encapsulation node.";
     }

     leaf max-length {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       type uint32;
       description
         "This field specifies the maximum length of the node data list
         in octets. The max-length is only defined at the
         encapsulation node. And it's only used for the incremental
         tracing mode.";
     }
   }

   grouping ioam-preallocated-tracing-profile {
     description
       "A grouping for incremental tracing profile.";

     leaf node-action {
       type ioam-node-action;
       description "node action";
     }

     container trace-types {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       description
         "the list of trace types for encapsulate";

       leaf use-namespace {
         type ioam-namespace;
         description
           "the namespace used for the encapsulation";
       }

       leaf-list trace-type {
         type ioam-trace-type;

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         description
         "The trace type is only defined at the encapsulation node.";
       }
     }

     leaf enable-loopback-mode {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       type boolean;
       default false;
       description
         "Loopback mode is used to send a copy of a packet back towards
         the source. The loopback mode is only defined at the
         encapsulation node.";
     }
   }

   grouping ioam-e2e-profile {
     description
       "A grouping for tracing profile.";

     leaf node-action {
       type ioam-node-action;
       description
         "indicate how the node act for this profile";
     }

     container e2e-types {
       when "../node-action = 'encapsulate'";
       description
         "the list of e2e types for encapsulate";

       leaf use-namespace {
         type ioam-namespace;
         description
           "the namespace used for the encapsulation";
       }

       leaf-list e2e-type {
         type ioam-e2e-type;
         description
           "The e2e type is only defined at the encapsulation node.";
       }
     }
   }

   grouping ioam-admin-config {
     description
       "IOAM top-level administrative configuration.";

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     leaf enabled {
       type boolean;
       default false;
       description
         "When true, IOAM configuration is enabled for the system.
          Meanwhile, the IOAM data-plane functionality is enabled.";
     }
   }

  /*
   * DATA NODES
   */

   container ioam {
     description "iOAM top level container";

     container ioam-profiles {
       description
         "Contains a list of iOAM profiles.";

       container admin-config {
         description
           "Contains all the administrative configurations related to
            the IOAM functionalities and all the IOAM profiles.";

         uses ioam-admin-config;
       }

       list ioam-profile {
         key "profile-name";
         ordered-by user;
         description
           "A list of iOAM profiles that configured on the node.";

         leaf profile-name {
           type string;
           mandatory true;
           description
             "Unique identifier for each iOAM profile";
         }

         container filter {
           uses ioam-filter;
           description
             "The filter which is used to indicate the flow to apply
             iOAM.";
         }

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         leaf protocol-type {
           type ioam-protocol-type;
           description
             "This item is used to indicate the carrier protocol where
             the iOAM is applied.";
         }

         container incremental-tracing-profile {
           if-feature incremental-trace;
           description
             "describe the profile for incremental tracing option";

           leaf enabled {
             type boolean;
             default false;
             description
               "When true, apply incremental tracing option to the
                specified flow identified by the filter.";
           }

           uses ioam-incremental-tracing-profile;
         }

         container preallocated-tracing-profile {
           if-feature preallocated-trace;
           description
             "describe the profile for preallocated tracing option";

           leaf enabled {
             type boolean;
             default false;
             description
               "When true, apply preallocated tracing option to the
                specified flow identified by the following filter.";
           }

           uses ioam-preallocated-tracing-profile;
         }

         container pot-profile {
           if-feature proof-of-transit;
           description
             "describe the profile for pot option";

           leaf enabled {
             type boolean;
             default false;
             description

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               "When true, apply Proof of Transit option to the
                specified flow identified by the following filter.";
           }

           leaf active-profile-index {
             type pot:profile-index-range;
             description
               "Proof of transit profile index that is currently
                active. Will be set in the first hop of the path
                or chain. Other nodes will not use this field.";
           }

           uses pot:pot-profile;
         }

         container e2e-profile {
           if-feature edge-to-edge;
           description
             "describe the profile for e2e option";

           leaf enabled {
             type boolean;
             default false;
             description
               "When true, apply End to end option to the
                specified flow identified by the following filter.";
           }

           uses ioam-e2e-profile;
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
 <CODE ENDS>

4.  Security Considerations

   The YANG module specified in this document defines a schema for data
   that is designed to be accessed via network management protocols such
   as NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040].  The lowest NETCONF layer
   is the secure transport layer, and the mandatory-to-implement secure
   transport is Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242].  The lowest RESTCONF layer
   is HTTPS, and the mandatory-to-implement secure transport is TLS
   [RFC5246].

   The NETCONF access control model [RFC6536] provides the means to
   restrict access for particular NETCONF or RESTCONF users to a

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   preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol
   operations and content.

   There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
   writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
   default).  These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
   in some network environments.  Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
   to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
   effect on network operations.  These are the subtrees and data nodes
   and their sensitivity/vulnerability:

   o  /ioam/ioam-profiles/admin-config

   The items in the container above include the top level administrative
   configurations related to the IOAM functionalities and all the IOAM
   profiles.  Unexpected changes to these items could lead to the IOAM
   function disruption and/ or misbehavior of all the IOAM profiles.

   o  /ioam/ioam-profiles/ioam-profile

   The entries in the list above include the whole IOAM profile
   configurations which indirectly create or modify the device
   configurations.  Unexpected changes to these entries could lead to
   the mistake of the IOAM behavior for the corresponding flows.

5.  IANA Considerations

   RFC Ed.: In this section, replace all occurrences of 'XXXX' with the
   actual RFC number (and remove this note).

   IANA is requested to assign a new URI from the IETF XML Registry
   [RFC3688].  The following URI is suggested:

           URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam
           Registrant Contact: The IESG.
           XML: N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

   This document also requests a new YANG module name in the YANG Module
   Names registry [RFC7950] with the following suggestion:

           name: ietf-ioam
           namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam
           prefix: ioam
           reference: RFC XXXX

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6.  Acknowledgements

   For their valuable comments, discussions, and feedback, we wish to
   acknowledge Greg Mirsky and Reshad Rahman.

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.

   [RFC5246]  Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
              (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5246, August 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5246>.

   [RFC6241]  Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
              and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
              (NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.

   [RFC6242]  Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
              Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.

   [RFC6536]  Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
              Protocol (NETCONF) Access Control Model", RFC 6536,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6536, March 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6536>.

   [RFC7950]  Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
              RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.

   [RFC8040]  Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
              Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.

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   [RFC8200]  Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
              (IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, July 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>.

7.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.brockners-inband-oam-transport]
              Brockners, F., Bhandari, S., Govindan, V., Pignataro, C.,
              Gredler, H., Leddy, J., Youell, S., Mizrahi, T., Mozes,
              D., Lapukhov, P., and R. Chang, "Encapsulations for In-
              situ OAM Data", draft-brockners-inband-oam-transport-05
              (work in progress), July 2017.

   [I-D.brockners-proof-of-transit]
              Brockners, F., Bhandari, S., Dara, S., Pignataro, C.,
              Leddy, J., Youell, S., Mozes, D., and T. Mizrahi, "Proof
              of Transit", draft-brockners-proof-of-transit-05 (work in
              progress), May 2018.

   [I-D.ietf-ippm-ioam-data]
              Brockners, F., Bhandari, S., Pignataro, C., Gredler, H.,
              Leddy, J., Youell, S., Mizrahi, T., Mozes, D., Lapukhov,
              P., remy@barefootnetworks.com, r., daniel.bernier@bell.ca,
              d., and J. Lemon, "Data Fields for In-situ OAM", draft-
              ietf-ippm-ioam-data-08 (work in progress), October 2019.

   [I-D.ietf-nvo3-geneve]
              Gross, J., Ganga, I., and T. Sridhar, "Geneve: Generic
              Network Virtualization Encapsulation", draft-ietf-
              nvo3-geneve-14 (work in progress), September 2019.

   [I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe]
              Maino, F., Kreeger, L., and U. Elzur, "Generic Protocol
              Extension for VXLAN", draft-ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe-09 (work
              in progress), December 2019.

Authors' Addresses

   Tianran Zhou
   Huawei
   156 Beiqing Rd.
   Beijing  100095
   China

   Email: zhoutianran@huawei.com

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   Jim Guichard
   Futurewei
   United States of America

   Email: james.n.guichard@futurewei.com

   Frank Brockners
   Cisco Systems
   Hansaallee 249, 3rd Floor
   Duesseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen  40549
   Germany

   Email: fbrockne@cisco.com

   Srihari Raghavan
   Cisco Systems
   Tril Infopark Sez, Ramanujan IT City
   Neville Block, 2nd floor, Old Mahabalipuram Road
   Chennai, Tamil Nadu  600113
   India

   Email: srihari@cisco.com

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