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A DNS Query including A Main Question with Accompanying Questions
draft-yao-dnsop-accompanying-questions-00

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Expired".
Authors Jiankang Yao , Paul A. Vixie , Ning Kong , XiaoDong Lee
Last updated 2016-04-28
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draft-yao-dnsop-accompanying-questions-00
dnsop                                                             J. Yao
Internet-Draft                                                  P. Vixie
Intended status: Standards Track         CNNIC-Farsight Joint Laboratory
Expires: October 30, 2016                                        N. Kong
                                                                   X. Li
                                                                   CNNIC
                                                          April 28, 2016

   A DNS Query including A Main Question with Accompanying Questions
               draft-yao-dnsop-accompanying-questions-00

Abstract

   This document enables DNS initiators to send a main question
   accompanying with several related questions in a single DNS query,
   and enables DNS responders to put the answers into a single DNS
   response.  This mechanism can reduce the number of DNS round-trips
   per application work-unit.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on October 30, 2016.

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   Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
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   than English.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Mechanism for a main question with accompanying questions . .   3
   4.  Responder Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  Initiator Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   6.  Query and Response Example  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   8.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   9.  Change History  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     9.1.  draft-yao-dnsop-accompanying-questions: Version 00  . . .   8
   10. Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8

1.  Introduction

   There are many scenarios in which an application must send several
   related questions to a DNS responder.  For examples, when asking
   about a QTYPE=A RRset, a QTYPE=AAAA RRset may also be of use; When
   asking for an A RRset, an MX RRset might also be of interest; When
   asking for some RRset of example.com, records of a sub-domain name
   such as www.example.com may be of interest.

   Query example.com for A and AAAA

   Query example.com for A and MX

   Query example.com for A and www.example.com for A

   This document describes a method by which DNS initiators can send a
   main question accompanying with several related questions in a single

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   DNS query, and enables DNS responders place all related answers into
   a single DNS response.  This mechanism can reduce the number of DNS
   round-trips per application work-unit, by carrying several related
   queries in a single query transaction.

2.  Terminology

   The basic key words such as "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "MAY", and "MAYNOT" are to be interpreted as
   described in [RFC2119].

   The basic DNS terms used in this specification are defined in the
   documents [RFC1034] and [RFC1035].

3.  Mechanism for a main question with accompanying questions

   The initiator still puts a main question into the question section of
   the DNS query packet, as described in [RFC1035].  Accompanying
   questions will be put into the variable part of an OPT RR [RFC6891].

   A new UAQ (Understand Accompanying Questions) bit in the EDNS flags
   field [RFC6891] signals that the initiator may have included
   accompanying questions in OPT RR of EDNS0.

   If the query has accompanying questions, the accompanying questions
   enabled initiators MUST set the UAQ bit in the query.  The AQ aware
   responder receiving the UAQ bit will indicate in the UAQ bit of the
   response whether it implements this specification.  [EDIT: Should we
   just use the presence of an AQ OPT, without also adding a UAQ flag
   bit, to indicate the use of the AQ feature?  We can discuss it in WG
   if this document is adopted.]

   Below are Updated EDNS extended RCODE and Flags fields [RFC6891]:

                  +0 (MSB)                +1 (LSB)
         +--+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
      0: |   EXTENDED-RCODE       |       VERSION         |
         +--+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
      2: |DO|UAQ|                 Z                       |
         +--+---+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+

   The variable part of an OPT RR is encoded in its RDATA and is
   structured as the following:

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                +0 (MSB)                            +1 (LSB)
     +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
  0: |                          OPTION-CODE                          |
     +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
  2: |                         OPTION-LENGTH                         |
     +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
  4: |                                                               |
     /                          OPTION-DATA                          /
     /                                                               /
     +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

   OPTION-CODE    (Assigned by IANA.)

   OPTION-LENGTH  Size (in octets) of OPTION-DATA.

   OPTION-DATA    including at most 8 accompanying questions with AQ-RCODE.

         0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1   2   3   4   5
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |AQ | Count/Seq |                 AQ-RCODE                      |
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                                                               |
       /             Accompanying Question                             /
       /                                                               /
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |AQ | Count/Seq |                 AQ-RCODE                      |
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                                                               |
       /             Accompanying Question                             /
       /                                                               /
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |AQ | Count/Seq |                 AQ-RCODE                      |
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                                                               |
       /             Accompanying Question                             /
       /                                                               /
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                                                               |
       /                          ......                               /
       /                                                               /

   o  AQ field indicates whether this accompanying question is the first
      question.  If it is set as 1, this question is the first question.

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   o  Count/Seq field represents the sequence number of accompanying
      questions from 1 to 7 or the total numbers of all accompanying
      questions.  If AQ is set as 0, the Count/Seq will represent the
      sequence number of this accompanying question.  If AQ is set as 1,
      the Count/Seq will represent the total numbers of all accompanying
      questions.  There will have at most 8 accompanying questions.

   o  AQ-RCODE field will be set to 111111110100 bits when being
      initialized.  The AQ-RCODE with the value of 111111110100 bits
      means that the mechanism for accompanying has not been
      implemented.  The AQ aware responders will put the RCODE value for
      the query of this question into AQ-RCODE fields.

   o  Accompanying Question field is a question, in the format of a
      "question" as defined in section 4.1.2 of RFC1035, shown below.
      Within the QNAME, label compression pointers may be used.

                                                 1   1   1   1   1   1
         0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1   2   3   4   5
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                                                               |
       /                               QNAME                           /
       /                                                               /
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                               QTYPE                           |
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
       |                               QCLASS                          |
       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+

4.  Responder Processing

   The AQ aware responder will check the main question first, and put
   the results into the DNS response packet.  If the UAQ bit is set
   [EDIT: or perhaps, if the AQ OPT is present], the responder checks
   the accompanying questions in order, and put the results into the DNS
   answer section of the response following RFC 1034; but the response
   code is placed in the respective AQ-RCODE field in AQ OPT of the
   response.  The RCODE field in the DNS response header refers to the
   main question only.  An AQ unaware responder is expected to ignore
   the UAQ bit and the AQ OPT of the query, and may echo the received
   OPT back into additional section of the response message.

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5.  Initiator Processing

   An AQ aware initiator will put the main question into the question
   section of the DNS query packet, and put related accompanying
   questions into the Accompanying Question fields of OPTION-DATA of OPT
   RR.  AQ-RCODE value will be sent as 111111110100 bits.  The AQ value
   should be set to 1 and Count/Seq value should be set to total number
   of accompanying questions if the accompanying question is the first
   one; For other accompanying questions, the AQ value should be set to
   0 and Count/Seq value should be set to the sequence of the
   accompanying questions. The UAQ bit should also be set when
   sending accompanying questions. If the initial value of the AQ-
   RCODE is unchanged in the response, it indicates that the responder
   is AQ unaware.  In that case, the responder will deal with the main
   question only.  The initiator should sent the accompanying questions
   one by one via the normal DNS query.  In such followup related
   queries, AQ processing should probably not be attempted, to reduce
   waste of network resources.

6.  Query and Response Example

     Example: one main question with 2 accompanying questions

       The query would look like:

                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Header     | OPCODE=SQUERY                                     |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Question   | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=A            |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Answer     |                                                   |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Authority  | <empty>                                           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Additional | UAQ=1                                             |
                  | AQ=1, COUNT/SEQ=2,AQ-RCODE=111111110100,          |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=AAAA         |
                  | AQ=0, COUNT/SEQ=1,AQ-RCODE=111111110100,          |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=MX           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+

       The response from AQ aware responders  would be:

                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Header     | OPCODE=SQUERY,  RESPONSE, AA, RCODE=NOERROR       |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Question   | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=A            |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+

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       Answer     |        example.com  IN A 192.168.0.1              |
                  |        example.com. IN AAAA 2001:cc8::1           |
                  |        example.com. IN MX MAIL.EXAMPLE.COM.       |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Authority  | <empty>                                           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Additional | UAQ=1                                             |
                  | AQ=1, COUNT/SEQ=2,AQ-RCODE=NOERROR,               |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=AAAA         |
                  | AQ=0, COUNT/SEQ=1,AQ-RCODE=NOERROR,               |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=MX           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+

           The response from AQ unaware responders  would be:

                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Header     | OPCODE=SQUERY,  RESPONSE, AA, RCODE=NOERROR       |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Question   | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=A            |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Answer     |        example.com  IN A 192.168.0.1              |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Authority  | <empty>                                           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+
       Additional | UAQ=1                                             |
                  | AQ=1, COUNT/SEQ=2,AQ-RCODE=111111110100,          |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=AAAA         |
                  | AQ=0, COUNT/SEQ=1,AQ-RCODE=111111110100,          |
                  | QNAME=EXAMPLE.COM., QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=MX           |
                  +---------------------------------------------------+

7.  IANA Considerations

   IANA should allocate DNS EDNS0 Option Codes (OPT) following this
   document.  IANA should reserve RCODE with the value of 111111110100
   bits for this document.

8.  Security Considerations

   TBD

9.  Change History

   RFC Editor: Please remove this section.

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9.1.  draft-yao-dnsop-accompanying-questions: Version 00

   o  A Mechanism for DNS query including one main question with several
      accompanying questions

10.  Normative References

   [RFC1034]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities",
              STD 13, RFC 1034, DOI 10.17487/RFC1034, November 1987,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1034>.

   [RFC1035]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
              specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, DOI 10.17487/RFC1035,
              November 1987, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1035>.

   [RFC1321]  Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC1321, April 1992,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1321>.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6891]  Damas, J., Graff, M., and P. Vixie, "Extension Mechanisms
              for DNS (EDNS(0))", STD 75, RFC 6891,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6891, April 2013,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6891>.

Authors' Addresses

   Jiankang Yao
   CNNIC-Farsight Joint Laboratory
   4 South 4th     Street,Zhongguancun,Haidian     District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10   5881 3007
   Email: yaojk@cnnic.cn

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   Paul Vixie
   CNNIC-Farsight Joint Laboratory
   4 South 4th     Street,Zhongguancun,Haidian     District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +1 650 489 7919
   Email: vixie@fsi.io

   Ning Kong
   CNNIC
   4 South 4th     Street,Zhongguancun,Haidian     District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10   5881 3147
   Email: nkong@cnnic.cn

   Xiaodong Li
   CNNIC
   4 South 4th     Street,Zhongguancun,Haidian     District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10   5881 3020
   Email: xl@cnnic.cn

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