Use Cases and API Extension for Source IP Address Selection
draft-sijeon-dmm-use-cases-api-source-03

DMM Working Group                                                S. Jeon
Internet-Draft                             Instituto de Telecomunicacoes
Intended status: Standards Track                           S. Figueiredo
Expires: September 22, 2016                              Altran Research
                                                                  Y. Kim
                                                     Soongsil University
                                                       J. Kaippallimalil
                                                                  Huawei
                                                          March 21, 2016

      Use Cases and API Extension for Source IP Address Selection
              draft-sijeon-dmm-use-cases-api-source-03.txt

Abstract

   This draft specifies and analyzes the expected cases regarding the
   selection of a proper source IP address and address type based on the
   application features over a distributed mobility management (DMM)
   network.  It also provides available selection methods to better
   achieve DMM goals in the specified scenarios.

Status of This Memo

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 22, 2016.

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   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  When an application does not have specific IP address
           type requirement and address preferences  . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  When an application has specific IP address type
           requirement and address preference  . . . . . . . . . . .   3
       2.2.1.  Case 1: there is no configured IP address based on a
               requested type in the IP stack  . . . . . . . . . . .   3
       2.2.2.  Case 2: there are one or more configured IP addresses
               based on a requested type in the IP stack, and no
               selection preference by the application . . . . . . .   4
       2.2.3.  Case 3: there are one or more configured IP addresses
               based on a requested type in the IP stack, but there
               is a further selection preference by the application    4
     2.3.  Gaps in the consistency with the default address
           selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   3.  Indications for expressing address preference requirement . .   5
     3.1.  When an application does not have specific IP address
           type requirement and address preferences  . . . . . . . .   5
   4.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   6.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7

1.  Introduction

   In [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility], it suggests picking up a proper
   source IP address type for an initiated application in a mobile node
   (MN), taking into consideration the need for IP session continuity
   and/or IP address reachability by the application.  Therefore, source
   IP addresses were defined in three types with regard to providing the
   required mobility management capabilities: fixed IP address,
   sustained IP address, and nomadic IP address.  Following the on-
   demand mobility approach, the MN obtains a proper IP address
   corresponding to a specific address type requirement when an
   application tries to get an IP address, whereas the former approaches
   [RFC5014][RFC6724] operate on the available set of IP addresses,

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   based on a preference.  But even within a request for a specific type
   of IP address request, there may be a need to indicate further
   requirements such as which IP address is preferred among the
   available IP addresses belonging to the same type requested by the
   application.  Such a situation may easily be met over a DMM network
   environment for some reasons such as QoS or Policy, as an MN is
   supposed to obtain new IP prefixes from the different serving
   networks to which it attaches.  To check and reflect further
   requirements based on the IP address types defined in the on-demand
   mobility management, this draft specifies and describes expected use
   cases where an MN is likely to be encountered and proposes required
   extensions to fill the gaps found from the use cases study.

2.  Use Cases

   We specify and analyze expected use cases where the MN tries to
   initiate an application.

2.1.  When an application does not have specific IP address type
      requirement and address preferences

   Applications such as a text-based web browsing or information-centric
   service, e.g. weather and stock information, as well as legacy
   applications may belong to this category.  As many applications
   require simple Internet connectivity without session continuity and
   IP address reachability, assigning a nomadic IP address can be
   considered a default for MNs.  But it is subject to address
   assignment policy by network operators.  The suggested flag,
   IPV6_REQ_NOMADIC_IP, defined in [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility] is
   used for expressing its preference to the IP stack.

2.2.  When an application has specific IP address type requirement and
      address preference

   This category is for an application requiring IP session continuity
   with different granularity of IP address reachability.  This case may
   be further divided in three sub-cases with regard to IP address type
   availability and/or address selection.

2.2.1.  Case 1: there is no configured IP address based on a requested
        type in the IP stack

   For mobility support in terms of IP session continuity and IP address
   reachability, sustained IP address and fixed IP address are used.
   When one IP address of one of the two types is requested using flag
   IPV6_REQ_FIXED_IP or IPV6 REQ SUSTAINED IP, accordingly, a proper
   address assignment procedure based on DHCP or IP mobility management
   protocol is expected.

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2.2.2.  Case 2: there are one or more configured IP addresses based on a
        requested type in the IP stack, and no selection preference by
        the application

   In this case, the situation the MN meets is the same as Case 1
   described above, except the existence of configured IP addresses
   belonging to the requested IP address type in the IP stack, e.g. due
   to different address assignment policy by an operator.  Expected
   operation can be described as follows:

   1.  The MN is configured with one or more sustained IP addresses.

   2.  Once an application requests "sustained IP address" to the IP
   stack, it will use the existing sustained IP address when there is
   one sustained IP address available in the IP stack.  If there are
   multiple available sustained IP addresses, the default address
   selection rules will be applied [RFC6724], e.g. with scope
   preference, longest prefix matching, and/or so on.  The best-matched
   IP address among them will be selected and assigned to the
   application.

   3.  The MN moves to another serving network, while the previous
   (mobile) sessions are still working.  A new application requests a
   sustained IP address with the address flag to the IP stack.  The
   selection of the sustained IP address follows the same procedure as
   described in Step 2.

2.2.3.  Case 3: there are one or more configured IP addresses based on a
        requested type in the IP stack, but there is a further selection
        preference by the application

   In case of sustained IP address, the procedure to assign and
   configure sustained IP addresses is the same as the procedure
   described in Case 2 when following the three types of IP addresses in
   [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility].

   On one hand, the on-demand mobility is meant to enable application to
   have the desired mobility capability, i.e. IP address session
   continuity and/or IP address reachability, by proper selection of a
   source IP address.  On the other hand, it needs to be extended to
   have dynamic mobility management capability, which should be
   considered when sustained IP address is used.  The specified
   operation based on the definition of address flags in
   [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility] does not ensure the observation of
   dynamic mobility principle, where IP mobility is provided only upon
   an MN's movement.  This is because an initiated application may be
   served with IP mobility even though the MN has not moved from the
   current serving network where the IP prefix/address was assigned for

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   the Application.  As a result, IP mobility may be activated before
   needed, so the new session is served by a remote IP mobility anchor
   with necessary mobility management functions, though the MN has not
   moved yet.

   To make a proper way of delivering further preference of an
   application, additional definition for address selection preference
   in address flag level will help fill the requirement.  See Section 3
   for the proposed flag.

2.3.  Gaps in the consistency with the default address selection

   The need of an indication mechanism can be sought in the consistency
   with the former IETF standards.  For example, in [RFC6724] where
   default behavior for IPv6 is specified, without a proper indication
   mechanism, following conflicts are expected to happen.  In Rule 6 in
   [RFC6724], it is said that the matching label between source address
   of an IPv6 host and destination address is preferred among
   combinations between other source addresses and destination address,
   where the label is a numeric value representing policies that prefer
   a particular source address prefix for use with a destination address
   prefix in [RFC6724].  In Rule 8 in [RFC6724], it is said that the
   longest matching prefix between source address of an IPv6 host and
   destination address is preferred among combinations between other
   source addresses and destination address.  Following Rules 6 and 8,
   selection of a prefix may be different from the application's
   preference that it wants to get connected, e.g. in terms of optimal
   routing over the described distributed environments.

3.  Indications for expressing address preference requirement

   When an application prefers a new IP address of the requested IP
   address type, additional indication flags should be delivered through
   the socket API interface.

3.1.  When an application does not have specific IP address type
      requirement and address preferences

   To support dynamic mobility of an initiated application using
   sustained IP address, a new address preference flag needs to be
   defined.  Definition of additional flag should be simple and useful
   while going along with the three types of IP addresses.  But careful
   consideration may be needed in defining the level of address
   preference flag among "requirement" or "preference".  The objective
   of the hereby presented address preference flag is letting the IP
   stack check whether it has an available IP address assigned from the
   current serving network when the flag is received by an initiated
   application.  If not, it will trigger the IP stack to get a new IP

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   address from the current serving network.  We call it "ON_NET"
   property.

   If it is defined in the requirement level, the IP address confirmed
   to the address preference requirement should be used, though other
   sustained IP addresses, not assigned from the current serving
   network, are available.  If there are multiple sustained IP addresses
   matched with ON_NET property, the default source address selection
   rules will be applied.

   If it is defined in the preference level, priority value for ON_NET
   flag should be determined among the other address preference flags
   defined in [RFC5014].

   IPV6_XX_SRC_ON_NET

   /* Require (or Prefer) an IP address based on a requested IP address
   type as source, assigned from the current serving network, whatever
   it has been assigned or should be assigned */

   This flag aims to express the preference to check an IP address,
   being used by an application, previously assigned from the current
   serving network and to use it or to get an IP address from the
   current serving network, as well as enabling differentiated per-flow
   anchoring where an obtained sustained IP address might be used for
   all initiated sustained IP applications.  The use of the flag can be
   combined together with the three types of IP address defined in
   [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility].

   In [I-D.mccann-dmm-prefixcost], it proposes that the Router
   Advertisement signaling messages communicate the cost of maintaining
   a given prefix at the MN's current point of attachment.  The
   objective is to make a dynamic and optimal decision of address
   assignment and release, i.e. when to release old addresses and assign
   new ones.  The proposed ON_NET property presents a way to deliver a
   prefix decision of an application, specifically from a routing
   distance point of view, to the IP stack.

4.  IANA Considerations

   This document makes no request of IANA.

5.  Security Considerations

   T.B.D.

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6.  Acknowledgements

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-dmm-ondemand-mobility]
              Yegin, A., Kweon, K., Lee, J., Park, J., and D. Moses, "On
              Demand Mobility Management", draft-ietf-dmm-ondemand-
              mobility-02 (work in progress), February 2016.

   [RFC6724]  Thaler, D., Ed., Draves, R., Matsumoto, A., and T. Chown,
              "Default Address Selection for Internet Protocol Version 6
              (IPv6)", RFC 6724, DOI 10.17487/RFC6724, September 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6724>.

7.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.mccann-dmm-prefixcost]
              McCann, P. and J. Kaippallimalil, "Communicating Prefix
              Cost to Mobile Nodes", draft-mccann-dmm-prefixcost-02
              (work in progress), October 2015.

   [RFC5014]  Nordmark, E., Chakrabarti, S., and J. Laganier, "IPv6
              Socket API for Source Address Selection", RFC 5014,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5014, September 2007,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5014>.

Authors' Addresses

   Seil Jeon
   Instituto de Telecomunicacoes
   Campus Universitario de Santiago
   Aveiro  3810-193
   Portugal

   Email: seiljeon@av.it.pt

   Sergio Figueiredo
   Altran Research
   2, Rue Paul Dautier
   Velizy-Villacoublay  78140
   France

   Email: sergio.figueiredo@altran.com

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   Younghan Kim
   Soongsil University
   369, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu
   Seoul  156-743
   Korea

   Email: younghak@ssu.ac.kr

   John Kaippallimalil
   Huawei
   5340 Legacy Dr., Suite 175
   Plano, TX  75024
   U.S

   Email: john.kaippallimalil@huawei.com

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