Compact Alternate Marking Methods for Passive Performance Monitoring
draft-mizrahi-ippm-compact-alternate-marking-00
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Expired".
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|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Tal Mizrahi , Carmi Arad , Giuseppe Fioccola , Mauro Cociglio , Mach Chen , Lianshu Zheng , Greg Mirsky | ||
| Last updated | 2017-10-29 | ||
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draft-mizrahi-ippm-compact-alternate-marking-00
gt;| |
+--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+
|
| MP5
| +--+
+------>| |
+--+
Point-to-point measurement Point-to-multipoint measurement
Figure 11: Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint measurements.
8. Alternate Marking using Reserved Values
As mentioned in Section 1, a marking bit is not necessarily a single
bit, but may be implemented by using two well-known values in one of
the header fields. Similarly, two-bit marking can be implemented
using four reserved values.
A notable example is MPLS Synonymous Flow Labels (SFL), as defined in
[I-D.bryant-mpls-rfc6374-sfl]. Two MPLS Label values can be used to
indicate the two colors of a given LSP: the original Label value, and
an SFL value. A similar approach can be applied to IPv6 using the
Flow Label field.
The following example illustrates how alternate marking can be
implemented using reserved values. The bit multiplexing approach of
Section 5.3 is applicable not only to single-bit color indicators,
but also to two-value indicators; instead of using a single bit that
is toggled between '0' and '1', two values of the indicator field, U
and W, can be used in the same manner, allowing both loss and delay
measurement to be performed using only two reserved values. Thus,
the multiplexing approach of Figure 6 can be illustrated more
generally with two values, U and W, as depicted in Figure 12.
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A: packet with color 0
B: packet with color 1
Packets AAAAAAAAAA BBBBBBBBBB AAAAAAAAAA BBBBBBBBBB AAAAAAAAAA
Time ---------------------------------------------------------->
| | | | |
| Block 1 | Block 2 | Block 3 | Block 4 | Block 5 ...
| | | | |
Color 0000000000 1111111111 0000000000 1111111111 0000000000
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Packets | | | | |
marked for | | | | |
timestamping | | | | |
v v v v v
Muxed UUUUWUUUUU WWWWUWWWWW UUUUWUUUUU WWWWWUWWWW UUUWUUUUUU
marking
values
Figure 12: Alternate marking with two multiplexed marking values, U
and W.
9. IANA Considerations
This memo includes no requests from IANA.
10. Security Considerations
The security considerations of the alternate marking method are
discussed in [I-D.ietf-ippm-alt-mark]. The analysis of Section 7
emphasizes the sensitivity of some of the alternate marking methods
to packet drops and to packet reordering. Thus, a malicious attacker
may attempt to tamper with the measurements by either selectively
dropping packets, or by selectively reordering specific packets. The
multiplexed marking method Section 5.3 that is defined in this
document requires slightly more stringent synchronization than the
conventional marking method, potentially making the method more
vulnerable to attacks on the time synchronization protocol. A
detailed discussion about the threats against time protocols and how
to mitigate them is presented in [RFC7384].
11. References
11.1. Normative References
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[I-D.ietf-ippm-alt-mark]
Fioccola, G., Capello, A., Cociglio, M., Castaldelli, L.,
Chen, M., Zheng, L., Mirsky, G., and T. Mizrahi,
"Alternate Marking method for passive and hybrid
performance monitoring", draft-ietf-ippm-alt-mark-13 (work
in progress), October 2017.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
11.2. Informative References
[I-D.bryant-mpls-rfc6374-sfl]
Bryant, S., Chen, M., Li, Z., Swallow, G., Sivabalan, S.,
Mirsky, G., and G. Fioccola, "RFC6374 Synonymous Flow
Labels", draft-bryant-mpls-rfc6374-sfl-04 (work in
progress), April 2017.
[I-D.bryant-mpls-sfl-framework]
Bryant, S., Chen, M., Li, Z., Swallow, G., Sivabalan, S.,
and G. Mirsky, "Synonymous Flow Label Framework", draft-
bryant-mpls-sfl-framework-05 (work in progress), June
2017.
[I-D.fioccola-ippm-multipoint-alt-mark]
Fioccola, G., Cociglio, M., Sapio, A., and R. Sisto,
"Multipoint Alternate Marking method for passive and
hybrid performance monitoring", draft-fioccola-ippm-
multipoint-alt-mark-00 (work in progress), June 2017.
[IEEE1588]
IEEE, "IEEE 1588 Standard for a Precision Clock
Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and
Control Systems Version 2", 2008.
[RFC5474] Duffield, N., Ed., Chiou, D., Claise, B., Greenberg, A.,
Grossglauser, M., and J. Rexford, "A Framework for Packet
Selection and Reporting", RFC 5474, DOI 10.17487/RFC5474,
March 2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5474>.
[RFC5475] Zseby, T., Molina, M., Duffield, N., Niccolini, S., and F.
Raspall, "Sampling and Filtering Techniques for IP Packet
Selection", RFC 5475, DOI 10.17487/RFC5475, March 2009,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5475>.
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[RFC5905] Mills, D., Martin, J., Ed., Burbank, J., and W. Kasch,
"Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms
Specification", RFC 5905, DOI 10.17487/RFC5905, June 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5905>.
[RFC7384] Mizrahi, T., "Security Requirements of Time Protocols in
Packet Switched Networks", RFC 7384, DOI 10.17487/RFC7384,
October 2014, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7384>.
Authors' Addresses
Tal Mizrahi
Marvell
6 Hamada st.
Yokneam
Israel
Email: talmi@marvell.com
Carmi Arad
Marvell
6 Hamada st.
Yokneam
Israel
Email: carmi@marvell.com
Giuseppe Fioccola
Telecom Italia
Via Reiss Romoli, 274
Torino 10148
Italy
Email: giuseppe.fioccola@telecomitalia.it
Mauro Cociglio
Telecom Italia
Via Reiss Romoli, 274
Torino 10148
Italy
Email: mauro.cociglio@telecomitalia.it
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Mach(Guoyi) Chen
Huawei Technologies
Email: mach.chen@huawei.com
Lianshu Zheng
Huawei Technologies
Email: vero.zheng@huawei.com
Greg Mirsky
ZTE Corp.
Email: gregimirsky@gmail.com
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