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Segment Routing Prefix SID extensions for BGP
draft-keyupate-idr-bgp-prefix-sid-02

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
Authors Keyur Patel , Stefano Previdi , Clarence Filsfils , Arjun Sreekantiah , Saikat Ray
Last updated 2015-05-25
Replaced by draft-ietf-idr-bgp-prefix-sid, RFC 8669
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draft-keyupate-idr-bgp-prefix-sid-02
IDR                                                             K. Patel
Internet-Draft                                                S. Previdi
Intended status: Standards Track                             C. Filsfils
Expires: November 26, 2015                                A. Sreekantiah
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                                  S. Ray
                                                            Unaffiliated
                                                            May 25, 2015

             Segment Routing Prefix SID extensions for BGP
                  draft-keyupate-idr-bgp-prefix-sid-02

Abstract

   Segment Routing (SR) architecture allows a node to steer a packet
   flow through any topological path and service chain by leveraging
   source routing.  The ingress node prepends a SR header to a packet
   containing a set of "segments".  Each segment represents a
   topological or a service-based instruction.  Per-flow state is
   maintained only at the ingress node of the SR domain.

   The Segment Routing architecture can be implemented using MPLS with
   no changes to the forwarding plane.  It requires minor extensions to
   the existing routing protocols.

   This document describes the BGP extension for announcing BGP Prefix
   Segment Identifier (BGP Prefix SID) information.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any

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   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on November 26, 2015.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Segment Routing Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   4.  BGP-Prefix-SID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   5.  BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute  . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   6.  Receiving BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute  . . . . . . .   5
   7.  Announcing BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute . . . . . . .   6
   8.  Error Handling of BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute  . . .   6
   9.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   10. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   11. Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   12. Change Log  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   13. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     13.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     13.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8

1.  Introduction

   Segment Routing (SR) architecture leverages the source routing
   paradigm.  A group of inter-connected nodes that use SR forms a SR
   domain.  The ingress node of the SR domain prepends a SR header
   containing "segments" to an incoming packet.  Each segment represents
   a topological instruction (such as "go to prefix P following shortest
   path") or a service instruction ("pass through deep packet
   inspection").  By inserting the desired sequence of instructions, the

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   ingress node is able to steer a packet via any topological path and/
   or service chain; per-flow state is maintained only at the ingress
   node of the SR domain.

   Each segment is identified by a Segment Identifier (SID).  By using
   MPLS labels as SIDs, the SR architecture can be implemented using the
   existing MPLS dataplane.

   A BGP-Prefix Segment (aka BGP-Prefix-SID), is a BGP segment attached
   to a BGP prefix.  A BGP-Prefix-SID is always global within the SR/BGP
   domain and identifies an instruction to forward the packet over the
   ECMP-aware best-path computed by BGP to the related prefix.  The BGP-
   Prefix-SID is the identifier of the BGP prefix segment.

   This document describes the BGP extension to signal the BGP-Prefix-
   SID.  Specifically, this document defines a new BGP attribute known
   as BGP Label index attribute (carrying the BGP Prefix SID) and
   specifies the rules to originate, receive and handle error conditions
   of the new attribute.

2.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" are to
   be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] only when they appear in all
   upper case.  They may also appear in lower or mixed case as English
   words, without any normative meaning.

3.  Segment Routing Documents

   The main reference for this document is the SR architecture defined
   in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing].

   The Segment Routing Egress Peer Engineering architecture is described
   in [I-D.filsfils-spring-segment-routing-central-epe].

   The Segment Routing Egress Peer Engineering BGPLS extensions are
   described in [I-D.previdi-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe].

   A practical use case of the BGP Prefix SID is illustrated in
   [I-D.filsfils-spring-segment-routing-msdc].

4.  BGP-Prefix-SID

   The BGP-Prefix-SID attached to a BGP prefix P represents the
   instruction "go to Prefix P" along its BGP bestpath (potentially
   ECMP-enabled).  This Segment is realized on a MPLS dataplane in the
   following way:

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      According to [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing], each BGP speaker
      is configured with a label block called Segment Routing Global
      Block (SRGB).  The SRGB could be different on different speakers.

      The operator assigns a globally unique "index", L_I, to a locally
      sourced prefix of a BGP speaker N which is advertised to all other
      BGP speakers in the SR domain.

      The index L_I is a 32 bit offset in the SRGB.  Each BGP speaker
      derives its local MPLS label, L, by adding L_I to the start value
      of its own SRGB, and programs L in its MPLS dataplane as its
      incoming/local label for the prefix.

      If the BGP speakers are configured with the same SRGB start value,
      they will all program the same MPLS label value for a given prefix
      P.  This has the effect of having a single label value for prefix
      P across all BGP speakers despite the MPLS paradigm of "local
      label" is preserved.

   In order to advertise the SRGB label index of a given prefix P, a new
   extension to BGP is needed.  This extension is described in
   subsequent sections.

5.  BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute

   BGP Prefix Label Index is a new optional, transitive BGP path
   attribute.  The attribute type code for BGP Label Index attribute is
   to be assigned by IANA (suggested value: 40).  The value field of the
   Label Index attribute has following format:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |           RESERVED            |            Flags              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                        Label Index                            |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   where:

   o  RESERVED: 16 bit field.  SHOULD be unset on transmission and MUST
      be ignored on reception.

   o  Flags: 16 bits of flags.  None are defined in this document.
      Flags SHOULD be unset on transmission an MUST be ignored at
      reception.

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   o  Label Index: 32 bit value representing the index value in the SRGB
      space.

   Using the BGP protocol Label index as an offset, a label value for a
   given prefix is computed from a BGP SRGB.  The BGP SRGB protocol
   label block is configured explicitly on each BGP Speaker enabled with
   BGP-Prefix-SID extensions.

6.  Receiving BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute

   It is assumed that a BGP speaker is configured with an SRGB=[GB_S,
   GB_E].  Given a label index L_I, we call L = L_I + GB_S as the
   derived label.  A BGP Label Index attribute is called "unacceptable"
   for a speaker M if the derived label value L lies outside the SRGB
   configured on M.  Otherwise the Label Index attribute is called
   "acceptable" to speaker M.

   When a BGP speaker receives a path from a neighbor with an acceptable
   BGP Label Index attribute, it SHOULD program the derived label as the
   local label for the prefix in its MPLS dataplane.  In case of any
   error, a BGP speaker MUST resort to the error handling rules
   specified in the later section of the document.  A BGP speaker MAY
   log an error for further analysis.

   When a BGP speaker receives a path from a neighbor with an
   unacceptable BGP Label Index attribute, for the purpose of label
   allocation, it SHOULD treat the path as if it came without a Label
   Index attribute.  A BGP speaker MAY choose to assign a local (also
   called dynamic) label (non-SRGB) for such a prefix.  A BGP speaker
   MAY log an error for further analysis.

   A BGP speaker receiving a BGP Label index attribute from a EBGP
   neighbor residing outside the boundaries of the SR domain, SHOULD
   discard the attribute unless it is configured to accept the attribute
   from the EBGP neighbor.  A BGP speaker MAY log an error for further
   analysis when discarding an attribute.

   A BGP speaker receiving a prefix with a Label index attribute and a
   label NLRI field of implicit-null from a neighbor MUST adhere to
   standard behavior and program its MPLS dataplane to pop the top label
   when forwarding traffic to the prefix.  The label NLRI defines the
   outbound label that MUST be used by the receiving node.  The Label
   Index gives a hint to the receiving node on which local/incoming
   label he SHOULD use.

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7.  Announcing BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute

   A BGP speaker that originates a prefix attaches the Label Index
   attribute when it advertises the prefix to its neighbors.  The value
   of the Label Index is determined by configuration.

   A BGP speaker that advertises a path received from one of its
   neighbors SHOULD advertise the Label Index received with the path
   without modification regardless of whether the Label Index was
   acceptable.  If the path did not come with a Label Index attribute,
   the speaker MAY attach a Label Index to the path if configured to do
   so.  The value of the Label Index is determined by the configuration.

   In all cases, the label field of the NLRI ([RFC3107], [RFC4364]) MUST
   be set to the label programmed in the MPLS dataplane for the given
   prefix.  If the prefix is that of a local interface of the speaker,
   this label is the usual MPLS label (such as implicit or explicit NULL
   label).

   The BGP Label Index attribute SHOULD only be announced with BGP
   Prefixes carried in a labeled address-family (SAFI value 4 or SAFI
   value 128).  Since the BGP Label index value must be unique within an
   SR domain, by default an implementation SHOULD NOT advertise the BGP
   Label Index attribute outside an Autonomous System unless it is
   explicitly configured to do so.  To contain distribution of the BGP
   Label Index attribute beyond its intended scope of applicability,
   attribute filtering MAY be deployed.

8.  Error Handling of BGP-Prefix-SID Label Index Attribute

   When a BGP Speaker receives a BGP Update message containing more than
   one, or a malformed BGP Label Index attribute, it MUST ignore the
   received BGP Label Index attributes and not pass it to other BGP
   peers.  (see [I-D.ietf-idr-error-handling], Section 7).  This is
   equivalent to the -attribute discard- action specified in
   [[I-D.ietf-idr-error-handling].  A BGP speaker MAY log an error when
   discarding an attribute for further analysis.

   When a BGP Speaker receives a BGP Label Index attribute that is
   attached to prefixes belonging to SAFI value other than 4 or 128, it
   MUST quietly ignore the received attribute and not pass it to other
   BGP peers.  A BGP speaker MAY log an error for further analysis.

   When a BGP speaker receives an unacceptable Label Index attribute, it
   MAY log an error for further analysis.

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9.  IANA Considerations

   This document defines a new BGP path attribute known as BGP Label
   Index attribute.  This document requests IANA to assign a new
   attribute code type (suggested value: 40) for BGP Label Index
   attribute from the BGP Path Attributes.

10.  Security Considerations

   This document introduces no new security considerations above and
   beyond those already specified in [RFC4271] and [RFC3107].

11.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thanks Satya Mohanty and Acee Lindem for
   their contribution to this document.

12.  Change Log

   Initial Version:  Sep 21 2014

13.  References

13.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-idr-error-handling]
              Chen, E., Scudder, J., Mohapatra, P., and K. Patel,
              "Revised Error Handling for BGP UPDATE Messages", draft-
              ietf-idr-error-handling-19 (work in progress), April 2015.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC3107]  Rekhter, Y. and E. Rosen, "Carrying Label Information in
              BGP-4", RFC 3107, May 2001.

   [RFC4271]  Rekhter, Y., Li, T., and S. Hares, "A Border Gateway
              Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271, January 2006.

   [RFC4364]  Rosen, E. and Y. Rekhter, "BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private
              Networks (VPNs)", RFC 4364, February 2006.

13.2.  Informative References

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   [I-D.filsfils-spring-segment-routing-central-epe]
              Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Patel, K., Aries, E.,
              shaw@fb.com, s., Ginsburg, D., and D. Afanasiev, "Segment
              Routing Centralized Egress Peer Engineering", draft-
              filsfils-spring-segment-routing-central-epe-03 (work in
              progress), January 2015.

   [I-D.filsfils-spring-segment-routing-msdc]
              Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Mitchell, J., Black, B.,
              Afanasiev, D., Ray, S., and K. Patel, "BGP-Prefix Segment
              in large-scale data centers", draft-filsfils-spring-
              segment-routing-msdc-01 (work in progress), April 2015.

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing]
              Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Bashandy, A., Decraene, B.,
              Litkowski, S., Horneffer, M., Shakir, R., Tantsura, J.,
              and E. Crabbe, "Segment Routing Architecture", draft-ietf-
              spring-segment-routing-02 (work in progress), May 2015.

   [I-D.previdi-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe]
              Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Ray, S., Patel, K., Dong, J.,
              and M. Chen, "Segment Routing Egress Peer Engineering BGP-
              LS Extensions", draft-previdi-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-
              epe-03 (work in progress), April 2015.

Authors' Addresses

   Keyur Patel
   Cisco Systems
   170 W. Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA 95124  95134
   USA

   Email: keyupate@cisco.com

   Stefano Previdi
   Cisco Systems
   Via Del Serafico, 200
   Rome  00142
   Italy

   Email: sprevidi@cisco.com

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   Clarence Filsfils
   Cisco Systems
   Brussels
   Belgium

   Email: cfilsfils@cisco.com

   Arjun Sreekantiah
   Cisco Systems
   170 W. Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA 95124  95134
   USA

   Email: asreekan@cisco.com

   Saikat Ray
   Unaffiliated

   Email: raysaikat@gmail.com

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