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BGP-LS extensions for Segment Routing BGP Egress Peer Engineering
draft-ietf-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe-17

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 9086.
Authors Stefano Previdi , Ketan Talaulikar , Clarence Filsfils , Keyur Patel , Saikat Ray , Jie Dong
Last updated 2019-03-01 (Latest revision 2018-10-19)
Replaces draft-previdi-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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Stream WG state Submitted to IESG for Publication
Document shepherd Susan Hares
Shepherd write-up Show Last changed 2018-11-04
IESG IESG state Became RFC 9086 (Proposed Standard)
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Responsible AD Alvaro Retana
Send notices to "Susan Hares" <shares@ndzh.com>, aretana.ietf@gmail.com
draft-ietf-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe-17
Inter-Domain Routing                                     S. Previdi, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                Individual
Intended status: Standards Track                           K. Talaulikar
Expires: April 22, 2019                                      C. Filsfils
                                                     Cisco Systems, Inc.
                                                                K. Patel
                                                            Arrcus, Inc.
                                                                  S. Ray
                                                  Individual Contributor
                                                                 J. Dong
                                                     Huawei Technologies
                                                        October 19, 2018

   BGP-LS extensions for Segment Routing BGP Egress Peer Engineering
              draft-ietf-idr-bgpls-segment-routing-epe-17

Abstract

   Segment Routing (SR) leverages source routing.  A node steers a
   packet through a controlled set of instructions, called segments, by
   prepending the packet with an SR header.  A segment can represent any
   instruction, topological or service-based.  SR segments allow
   steering a flow through any topological path and service chain while
   maintaining per-flow state only at the ingress node of the SR domain.

   This document describes an extension to BGP Link State (BGP-LS) for
   advertisement of BGP Peering Segments along with their BGP peering
   node information so that efficient BGP Egress Peer Engineering (EPE)
   policies and strategies can be computed based on Segment Routing.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 22, 2019.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Segment Routing Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  BGP Peering Segments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  BGP-LS NLRI for BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.1.  BGP Router ID and Member ASN  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.2.  Mandatory BGP Node Descriptors  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.3.  Optional BGP Node Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  BGP-LS Attributes for BGP Peering Segments  . . . . . . . . .   8
     5.1.  Peer-Node-SID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     5.2.  Peer-Adj-SID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     5.3.  Peer-Set-SID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   6.  Illustration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     6.1.  Reference Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     6.2.  Peer-Node-SID for Node D  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     6.3.  Peer-Node-SID for Node F  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     6.4.  Peer-Node-SID for Node E  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     6.5.  Peer-Adj-SID for Node E, Link 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     6.6.  Peer-Adj-SID for Node E, Link 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   7.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     8.1.  New BGP-LS Protocol-ID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
     8.2.  Node Descriptors and Link Attribute TLVs  . . . . . . . .  18
   9.  Manageability Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   10. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20

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   11. Contributors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   12. Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   13. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
     13.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
     13.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22

1.  Introduction

   Segment Routing (SR) leverages source routing.  A node steers a
   packet through a controlled set of instructions, called segments, by
   prepending the packet with an SR header with segment identifiers
   (SID).  A SID can represent any instruction, topological or service-
   based.  SR segments allows to enforce a flow through any topological
   path or service function while maintaining per-flow state only at the
   ingress node of the SR domain.

   The SR architecture [RFC8402] defines three types of BGP Peering
   Segments that may be instantiated at a BGP node:

   o  Peer Node Segment (Peer-Node-SID) : instruction to steer to a
      specific peer node

   o  Peer Adjacency Segment (Peer-Adj-SID) : instruction to steer over
      a specific local interface towards a specific peer node

   o  Peer Set Segment (Peer-Set-SID) : instruction to load-balance to a
      set of specific peer nodes

   SR can be directly applied to either an MPLS dataplane (SR/MPLS) with
   no change on the forwarding plane or to a modified IPv6 forwarding
   plane (SRv6).

   This document describes extensions to the Link State NLRI and the
   BGP-LS Attribute defined for BGP-LS [RFC7752] for advertising BGP
   peering segments from a BGP node along with its peering topology
   information (i.e. its peers, interfaces, and peering ASs) to enable
   computation of efficient BGP Egress Peer Engineering (BGP-EPE)
   policies and strategies using the SR/MPLS dataplane.  The
   corresponding extensions for SRv6 are specified in
   [I-D.dawra-idr-bgpls-srv6-ext].

   One use-case for these BGP Peering Segments is to enable computation
   of SR paths that enable Central BGP-EPE as described in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe].  This use-case
   comprises of a centralized controller that learns the BGP Peering
   SIDs via BGP-LS and then uses this information to program a SR policy
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy] at any node in the domain to

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   perform traffic steering via a specific BGP egress node to a specific
   EBGP peer(s) optionally also over a specific interface.

   This document introduces a new BGP protocol type for BGP-LS NLRI and
   defines new BGP-LS Node and Link description TLVs to facilitate
   advertising BGP-LS Link NLRI that represent the BGP peering topology.
   Further, it specifies the BGP-LS Attribute TLVs for advertisement of
   the BGP Peering Segments (i.e.  Peer Node SID, Peer Adjacency SID,
   and Peer Set SID) to be advertised in the same BGP-LS Link NLRI.

2.  Segment Routing Documents

   The main reference is the SR architecture defined in [RFC8402].

   The SR BGP-EPE architecture and use-case is described in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe].

3.  BGP Peering Segments

   As described in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe], a BGP-
   EPE enabled Egress PE node MAY advertise SIDs corresponding to its
   attached peers.  These SIDs are called BGP peering segments or BGP
   Peering SIDs.  In case of EBGP, they enable the expression of source-
   routed inter-domain paths.

   An ingress border router of an AS may compose a list of SIDs to steer
   a flow along a selected path within the AS, towards a selected egress
   border router C of the AS, and to a specific EBGP peer.  At minimum,
   a BGP-EPE policy applied at an ingress PE involves two SIDs: the Node
   SID of the chosen egress PE and then the BGP Peering SID for the
   chosen egress PE peer or peering interface.

   Each BGP session MUST be described by a Peer Node SID.  The
   description of the BGP session MAY be augmented by additional Peer
   Adjacency SIDs.  Finally, multiple Peer Node SIDs or Peer Adjacency
   SIDs MAY be part of the same group/set in order to group EPE
   resources under a common Peer-Set SID.

   When the extensions defined in this document are applied to the EPE
   use-case defined in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe],
   then the following BGP Peering SIDs need to be instantiated on a BGP
   router for each of its BGP peer sessions that are enabled for EPE:

   o  One Peer-Node-SID MUST be instantiated to describe the BGP peer
      session.

   o  One or more Peer-Adj-SID MAY be instantiated corresponding to the
      underlying link(s) to the directly connected BGP peer session.

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   o  A Peer-Set-SID MAY be instantiated and additionally associated and
      shared between one or more Peer-Node-SIDs or Peer-Adj-SIDs.

   While an egress point in a topology usually refers to EBGP sessions
   between external peers, there's nothing in the extensions defined in
   this document that would prevent the use of these extensions in the
   context of IBGP sessions.  However, unlike EBGP sessions which are
   generally between directly connected BGP routers which are also along
   the traffic forwarding path, IBGP peer sessions may be setup to BGP
   routers which are not in the forwarding path.  As such, when the IBGP
   design includes sessions with route-reflectors, a BGP router SHOULD
   NOT instantiate a BGP Peering SID for those sessions to peer nodes
   which are not in the forwarding path since the purpose of BGP Peering
   SID is to steer traffic to that specific peers.  Thus, the
   applicability for IBGP peering may be limited to only those
   deployments where the IBGP peer is also along with forwarding data
   path.  Further details and the use-cases of BGP Peering SIDs and
   their BGP-LS extensions to IBGP deployments are beyond the scope of
   this document.

   The BGP Peering SIDs instantiated as described above are then
   advertised via BGP-LS Link NLRI as described in the sections below.

4.  BGP-LS NLRI for BGP

   This section describes the BGP-LS NLRI encodings that describe the
   BGP peering and link connectivity between BGP routers.

   This document specifies the advertisement of BGP peering topology
   information via BGP-LS NLRI which requires use of a new BGP protocol
   identifier.

      Protocol-ID : BGP (codepoint 7 Early Allocation by IANA Section 8
      from the registry "BGP-LS Protocol-IDs")

   The use of a new Protocol-ID allows separation and differentiation
   between the BGP-LS NLRI carrying BGP information from the NLRI
   carrying IGP link-state information as defined in [RFC7752].

   The BGP Peering information along with their Peering Segments are
   advertised using BGP-LS Link NLRI with the protocol ID set to BGP.
   The BGP-LS Link NLRI uses the descriptor TLVs and BGP-LS Attribute
   TLVs as defined in [RFC7752].  In order to correctly describe BGP
   nodes, new TLVs are defined in this section.

   [RFC7752] defines Link NLRI Type is as follows:

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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  Protocol-ID  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                           Identifier                          |
   |                            (64 bits)                          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //      Local Node Descriptors                                 //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //      Remote Node Descriptors                                //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   //      Link Descriptors                                       //
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                        Figure 1: BGP-LS Link NLRI

      Node Descriptors and Link Descriptors are defined in [RFC7752].

4.1.  BGP Router ID and Member ASN

   Two new Node Descriptors TLVs are defined in this document:

   o  BGP Router Identifier (BGP Router-ID):

         Type: 516 (Early Allocation by IANA Section 8 from the registry
         "BGP-LS Node Descriptor, Link Descriptor, Prefix Descriptor,
         and Attribute TLVs").

         Length: 4 octets

         Value: 4 octet unsigned non-zero integer representing the BGP
         Identifier as defined in [RFC4271] and [RFC6286].

   o  Confederation Member ASN (Member-ASN)

         Type: 517 (Early Allocation by IANA Section 8 from the registry
         "BGP-LS Node Descriptor, Link Descriptor, Prefix Descriptor,
         and Attribute TLVs").

         Length: 4 octets

         Value: 4 octet unsigned non-zero integer representing the
         Member ASN inside the Confederation [RFC5065].

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4.2.  Mandatory BGP Node Descriptors

   The following Node Descriptors TLVs MUST be included in BGP-LS NLRI
   as Local Node Descriptors when distributing BGP information:

   o  BGP Router-ID, which contains a valid BGP Identifier of the local
      BGP node.

   o  Autonomous System Number, which contains the ASN or confederation
      identifier (ASN), if confederations are used, of the local BGP
      node.

   Note that [RFC6286] (section 2.1) requires the BGP identifier
   (router-id) to be unique within an Autonomous System and non-zero.
   Therefore, the <ASN, BGP Router-ID> tuple is globally unique.

   The following Node Descriptors TLVs MUST be included in BGP-LS Link
   NLRI as Remote Node Descriptors when distributing BGP information:

   o  BGP Router-ID, which contains the valid BGP Identifier of the peer
      BGP node.

   o  Autonomous System Number, which contains the ASN or the
      confederation identifier (ASN), if confederations are used, of the
      peer BGP node.

4.3.  Optional BGP Node Descriptors

   The following Node Descriptors TLVs MAY be included in BGP-LS NLRI as
   Local Node Descriptors when distributing BGP information:

   o  Member-ASN, which contains the ASN of the confederation member, if
      BGP confederations are used, of the local BGP node.

   o  Node Descriptors as defined in [RFC7752].

   The following Node Descriptors TLVs MAY be included in BGP-LS Link
   NLRI as Remote Node Descriptors when distributing BGP information:

   o  Member-ASN, which contains the ASN of the confederation member, if
      BGP confederations are used, of the peer BGP node.

   o  Node Descriptors as defined in defined in [RFC7752].

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5.  BGP-LS Attributes for BGP Peering Segments

   This section defines the BGP-LS Attributes corresponding to the
   following BGP Peer Segment SIDs:

      Peer Node Segment Identifier (Peer-Node-SID)

      Peer Adjacency Segment Identifier (Peer-Adj-SID)

      Peer Set Segment Identifier (Peer-Set-SID)

   The following new BGP-LS Link attributes TLVs are defined for use
   with BGP-LS Link NLRI for advertising BGP Peering SIDs:

   +----------+---------------------------+----------+
   | TLV Code | Description               |   Length |
   |  Point   |                           |          |
   +----------+---------------------------+----------+
   |    1101  | Peer Node Segment         | variable |
   |          | Identifier (Peer-Node-SID)|          |
   |    1102  | Peer Adjacency Segment    | variable |
   |          | Identifier (Peer-Adj-SID) |          |
   |    1103  | Peer Set Segment          | variable |
   |          | Identifier (Peer-Set-SID) |          |
   +----------+---------------------------+----------+

               Figure 2: BGP-LS TLV code points for BGP-EPE

   Peer-Node-SID, Peer-Adj-SID, and Peer-Set-SID have all the same
   format defined here below:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |               Type            |              Length           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Flags         |     Weight    |             Reserved          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                   SID/Label/Index (variable)                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                 Figure 3: BGP-LS Peering SIDs TLV Format

   o  Type: 1101, 1102 or 1103 (Early Allocation by IANA (Section 8)
      from the registry "BGP-LS Node Descriptor, Link Descriptor, Prefix
      Descriptor, and Attribute TLVs").

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   o  Length: variable.

   o  Flags: one octet of flags with the following definition:

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |V|L|B|P| Rsvd  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                  Figure 4: Peering SID TLV Flags Format

      *  V-Flag: Value flag.  If set, then the SID carries a label
         value.  By default the flag is SET.

      *  L-Flag: Local Flag.  If set, then the value/index carried by
         the SID has local significance.  By default the flag is SET.

      *  B-Flag: Backup Flag.  If set, the SID refers to a path that is
         eligible for protection.

      *  P-Flag: Persistent Flag: If set, the SID is persistently
         allocated, i.e., the SID value remains consistent across router
         restart and session/interface flap.

      *  Rsvd bits: Reserved for future use and MUST be zero when
         originated and ignored when received.

   o  Weight: 1 octet.  The value represents the weight of the SID for
      the purpose of load balancing.  An example use of the weight is
      described in [RFC8402].

   o  SID/Index/Label.  According to the TLV length and to the V and L
      flags settings, it contains either:

      *  A 3 octet local label where the 20 rightmost bits are used for
         encoding the label value.  In this case, the V and L flags MUST
         be SET.

      *  A 4 octet index defining the offset in the SRGB (Segment
         Routing Global Block as defined in [RFC8402] advertised by this
         router.  In this case, the SRGB MUST be advertised using the
         extensions defined in
         [I-D.ietf-idr-bgp-ls-segment-routing-ext].

   The values of the Peer-Node-SID, Peer-Adj-SID, and Peer-Set-SID Sub-
   TLVs SHOULD be persistent across router restart.

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   The Peer-Node-SID TLV MUST be included in the BGP-LS Attribute for
   the BGP-LS Link NLRI when advertising BGP peering information for the
   use case described in [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe]
   and MAY be omitted for other use cases.

   The Peer-Adj-SID and Peer-Set-SID TLVs MAY be included in the BGP-LS
   Attribute for the BGP-LS Link NLRI when advertising BGP peering
   information for the use case described in
   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe] and MAY be omitted for
   other use cases.

   Additional BGP-LS Link Attribute TLVs, as defined in [RFC7752] MAY be
   included with the BGP-LS Link NLRI in order to advertise the
   characteristics of the peering link.

5.1.  Peer-Node-SID

   The Peer-Node-SID TLV includes a SID associated with the BGP peer
   node that is described by a BGP-LS Link NLRI as specified in
   Section 4.

   The Peer-Node-SID, at the BGP node advertising it, has the following
   semantics:

   o  SR header operation: NEXT (as defined in [RFC8402]).

   o  Next-Hop: the connected peering node to which the segment is
      associated.

   The Peer-Node-SID is advertised with a BGP-LS Link NLRI, where:

   o  Local Node Descriptors include:

      *  Local BGP Router-ID (TLV 516) of the BGP-EPE enabled egress PE.

      *  Local ASN (TLV 512).

   o  Remote Node Descriptors include:

      *  Peer BGP Router-ID (TLV 516) (i.e.: the peer BGP ID used in the
         BGP session)

      *  Peer ASN (TLV 512).

   o  Link Descriptors include the addresses used by the BGP session
      encoded using TLVs as defined in [RFC7752]:

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      *  IPv4 Interface Address (TLV 259) contains the BGP session IPv4
         local address.

      *  IPv4 Neighbor Address (TLV 260) contains the BGP session IPv4
         peer address.

      *  IPv6 Interface Address (TLV 261) contains the BGP session IPv6
         local address.

      *  IPv6 Neighbor Address (TLV 262) contains the BGP session IPv6
         peer address.

   o  Link Attribute TLVs include the Peer-Node-SID TLV as defined in
      Figure 3.

5.2.  Peer-Adj-SID

   The Peer-Adj-SID TLV includes a SID associated with the underlying
   link to the BGP peer node that is described by a BGP-LS Link NLRI as
   specified in Section 4.

   The Peer-Adj-SID, at the BGP node advertising it, has the following
   semantics:

   o  SR header operation: NEXT (as defined in [RFC8402]).

   o  Next-Hop: the interface peer address.

   The Peer-Adj-SID is advertised with a BGP-LS Link NLRI, where:

   o  Local Node Descriptors include:

      *  Local BGP Router-ID (TLV 516) of the BGP-EPE enabled egress PE.

      *  Local ASN (TLV 512).

   o  Remote Node Descriptors include:

      *  Peer BGP Router-ID (TLV 516) (i.e. the peer BGP ID used in the
         BGP session).

      *  Peer ASN (TLV 512).

   o  Link Descriptors MUST include the following TLV, as defined in
      [RFC7752]:

      *  Link Local/Remote Identifiers (TLV 258) contains the 4-octet
         Link Local Identifier followed by the 4-octet Link Remote

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         Identifier [RFC5307].  The value 0 is used by default when the
         link remote identifier is unknown.

   o  Additional Link Descriptors TLVs, as defined in [RFC7752], MAY
      also be included to describe the addresses corresponding to the
      link between the BGP routers:

      *  IPv4 Interface Address (Sub-TLV 259) contains the address of
         the local interface through which the BGP session is
         established.

      *  IPv6 Interface Address (Sub-TLV 261) contains the address of
         the local interface through which the BGP session is
         established.

      *  IPv4 Neighbor Address (Sub-TLV 260) contains the IPv4 address
         of the peer interface used by the BGP session.

      *  IPv6 Neighbor Address (Sub-TLV 262) contains the IPv6 address
         of the peer interface used by the BGP session.

   o  Link Attribute TLVs include the Peer-Adj-SID TLV as defined in
      Figure 3.

5.3.  Peer-Set-SID

   The Peer-Set-SID TLV includes a SID that is shared amongst BGP peer
   nodes or the underlying links that are described by BGP-LS Link NLRI
   as specified in Section 4.

   The Peer-Set-SID, at the BGP node advertising it, has the following
   semantics:

   o  SR header operation: NEXT (as defined in [RFC8402]).

   o  Next-Hop: load balance across any connected interface to any peer
      in the associated peer set.

   The Peer-Set-SID TLV containing the same SID value (encoded as
   defined in Figure 3) is included in the BGP-LS Attribute for all of
   the BGP-LS Link NLRI corresponding to the Peer Node or Peer Adjacency
   segments associated with the peer set.

6.  Illustration

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6.1.  Reference Diagram

   The following reference diagram is used throughout this section.  The
   solution is illustrated for IPv6 with MPLS-based SIDs and the BGP-EPE
   topology is based on EBGP sessions between external peers.

   This illustration is non-normative text provided as an example for
   implementers and describes the BGP-LS advertisements for the Central
   EPE use-case.

   As stated in Section 3, the solution illustrated hereafter is equally
   applicable to an IBGP session topology.  In other words, the solution
   also applies to the case where C, D, F, and E are in the same AS and
   run IBGP sessions between each other.

                    +------+
                    |      |
                +---D      H
   +---------+ /    | AS 2 |\  +------+
   |    X    |/     +------+ \ |   Z  |---L/8
   A         C---+            \|      |
   |         |\\  \  +------+ /| AS 4 |---M/8
   |   AS1   | \\  +-F      |/ +------+
   |         |  \\   |      G
   +----P----+   +===E AS 3 |
        |             +--Q---+
        |                |
        +----------------+

                        Figure 5: Reference Diagram

   IP addressing:

   o  C's IP address of interface to D: 2001:db8:cd::c/64, D's
      interface: 2001:db8:cd::d/64

   o  C's IP address of interface to F: 2001:db8:cf::c/64, F's
      interface: 2001:db8:cf::f/64

   o  C's IP address of upper interface to E: 2001:db8:ce1::c/64, E's
      interface: 2001:db8:ce1::e

   o  C's local identifier of upper interface to E: 0.0.0.1.0.0.0.0

   o  C's IP address of lower interface to E: 2001:db8:ce2::c, E's
      interface: 2001:db8:ce2::e

   o  C's local identifier of lower interface to E: 0.0.0.2.0.0.0.0

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   o  Loopback of E used for EBGP multi-hop peering to C:
      2001:db8:e::e/128

   o  C's loopback is 2001:db8:c::c/128 with SID 64

   BGP Router-IDs are C, D, F and E.

   o  C's BGP Router-ID: 192.0.2.3

   o  D's BGP Router-ID: 192.0.2.4

   o  E's BGP Router-ID: 192.0.2.5

   o  F's BGP Router-ID: 192.0.2.6

   C's BGP peering:

   o  Single-hop EBGP peering with neighbor 2001:db8:cd::d (D)

   o  Single-hop EBGP peering with neighbor 2001:db8:cf::f (F)

   o  Multi-hop EBGP peering with E on ip address 2001:db8:e::e (E)

   C's resolution of the multi-hop EBGP session to E:

   o  Static route 2001:db8:e::e/128 via 2001:db8:ce1::e

   o  Static route 2001:db8:e::e/128 via 2001:db8:ce2::e

   Node C configuration is such that:

   o  A Peer-Node-SID is allocated to each peer (D, F and E).

   o  An Peer-Adj-SID is defined for each recursing interface to a
      multi-hop peer (CE upper and lower interfaces).

   o  A Peer-Set-SID is defined to include all peers in AS3 (peers F and
      E).

   A BGP-LS Link NLRI is used in order to encode C's connectivity.  The
   Link NLRI uses the Protocol-ID for BGP (value 7 as per Early
   Allocation by IANA).

   Once the BGP-LS update is originated by C, it may be advertised to
   internal (IBGP) as well as external (EBGP) neighbors supporting the
   BGP-LS EPE extensions defined in this document.  Note that the BGP-LS
   sessions may be completely separate and different from the normal BGP
   routing sessions described above - e.g. to a central EPE controller.

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6.2.  Peer-Node-SID for Node D

   Descriptor TLVs used in the BGP-LS Link NLRI:

   o  Local Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, local ASN): 192.0.2.3, AS1

   o  Remote Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, peer ASN): 192.0.2.4, AS2

   o  Link Descriptors (BGP session IPv6 local address, BGP session IPv6
      neighbor address): 2001:db8:cd::c, 2001:db8:cd::d

   Link Attribute TLVs used in the BGP-LS Attribute associated with the
   BGP-LS Link NLRI above:

   o  Peer-Node-SID: 1012

   o  Other Link Attributes: see section 3.3.2 of [RFC7752]

6.3.  Peer-Node-SID for Node F

   Descriptor TLVs used in the BGP-LS Link NLRI:

   o  Local Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.3, AS1

   o  Remote Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID ASN): 192.0.2.6, AS3

   o  Link Descriptors (BGP session IPv6 local address, BGP session IPv6
      peer address): 2001:db8:cf::c, 2001:db8:cf::f

   Link Attribute TLVs used in the BGP-LS Attribute associated with the
   BGP-LS Link NLRI above:

   o  Peer-Node-SID: 1022

   o  Peer-Set-SID: 1060

   o  Other Link Attributes: see section 3.3.2 of [RFC7752]

6.4.  Peer-Node-SID for Node E

   Descriptor TLVs used in the BGP-LS Link NLRI:

   o  Local Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.3, AS1

   o  Remote Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.5, AS3

   o  Link Descriptors (BGP session IPv6 local address, BGP session IPv6
      peer address): 2001:db8:c::c, 2001:db8:e::e

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   Link Attribute TLVs used in the BGP-LS Attribute associated with the
   BGP-LS Link NLRI above:

   o  Peer-Node-SID: 1052

   o  Peer-Set-SID: 1060

6.5.  Peer-Adj-SID for Node E, Link 1

   Descriptor TLVs used in the BGP-LS Link NLRI:

   o  Local Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.3, AS1

   o  Remote Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.5, AS3

   o  Link Descriptors (local interface identifier, IPv6 peer interface
      address): 0.0.0.1.0.0.0.0 , 2001:db8:ce1::e

   Link Attribute TLVs used in the BGP-LS Attribute associated with the
   BGP-LS Link NLRI above:

   o  Peer-Adj-SID: 1032

   o  Other Link Attributes: see section 3.3.2 of [RFC7752]

6.6.  Peer-Adj-SID for Node E, Link 2

   Descriptor TLVs used in the BGP-LS Link NLRI:

   o  Local Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.3, AS1

   o  Remote Node Descriptors (BGP Router-ID, ASN): 192.0.2.5, AS3

   o  Link Descriptors (local interface identifier, IPv6 peer interface
      address): 0.0.0.2.0.0.0.0 , 2001:db8:ce2::e

   Link Attribute TLVs used in the BGP-LS Attribute associated with the
   BGP-LS Link NLRI above:

   o  Peer-Adj-SID: 1042

   o  Other Link Attributes: see section 3.3.2 of [RFC7752]

7.  Implementation Status

   Note to RFC Editor: Please remove this section prior to publication,
   as well as the reference to RFC 7942.

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   This section records the status of known implementations of the
   protocol defined by this specification at the time of posting of this
   Internet-Draft, and is based on a proposal described in [RFC7942].
   The description of implementations in this section is intended to
   assist the IETF in its decision processes in progressing drafts to
   RFCs.  Please note that the listing of any individual implementation
   here does not imply endorsement by the IETF.  Furthermore, no effort
   has been spent to verify the information presented here that was
   supplied by IETF contributors.  This is not intended as, and must not
   be construed to be, a catalog of available implementations or their
   features.  Readers are advised to note that other implementations may
   exist.

   According to [RFC7942], "this will allow reviewers and working groups
   to assign due consideration to documents that have the benefit of
   running code, which may serve as evidence of valuable experimentation
   and feedback that have made the implemented protocols more mature.
   It is up to the individual working groups to use this information as
   they see fit".

   Several early implementations exist and will be reported in detail in
   a forthcoming version of this document.  For purposes of early
   interoperability testing, when no FCFS code point was available,
   implementations have made use of the following values:

                 +---------------------------------------+
                 |  Codepoint | Description              |
                 +---------------------------------------+
                 |       7    | Protocol-ID BGP          |
                 |     516    | BGP Router-ID            |
                 |     517    | BGP Confederation Member |
                 |    1101    | Peer-Node-SID            |
                 |    1102    | Peer-Adj-SID             |
                 |    1103    | Peer-Set-SID             |
                 +------------+--------------------------+

                      Figure 6: BGP-LS New Codepoints

   IANA has now confirmed the Early Allocation of the above codepoints.
   See Section 8.

8.  IANA Considerations

   This document defines:

      A new Protocol-ID: BGP.  The codepoint is from the "BGP-LS
      Protocol-IDs" registry.

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      Two new TLVs: BGP-Router-ID and BGP Confederation Member.  The
      codepoints are in the "BGP-LS Node Descriptor, Link Descriptor,
      Prefix Descriptor, and Attribute TLVs" registry.

      Three new BGP-LS Attribute TLVs: Peer-Node-SID, Peer-Adj-SID and
      Peer-Set-SID.  The codepoints are in the "BGP-LS Node Descriptor,
      Link Descriptor, Prefix Descriptor, and Attribute TLVs" registry.

8.1.  New BGP-LS Protocol-ID

   This document defines a new value in the registry "BGP-LS Protocol-
   IDs":

         +------------------------------------------------------+
         |  Codepoint | Description |         Status            |
         +------------------------------------------------------+
         |    7       | BGP         | Early Allocation by IANA  |
         +------------------------------------------------------+

                     Figure 7: BGP Protocol Codepoint

8.2.  Node Descriptors and Link Attribute TLVs

   This document defines 5 new TLVs in the registry "BGP-LS Node
   Descriptor, Link Descriptor, Prefix Descriptor, and Attribute TLVs":

   o  Two new node descriptor TLVs

   o  Three new link attribute TLVs

   All the new 5 codepoints are in the same registry: "BGP-LS Node
   Descriptor, Link Descriptor, Prefix Descriptor, and Attribute TLVs".

   The following new Node Descriptors TLVs are defined:

   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  Codepoint | Description              |         Status            |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |    516     | BGP Router-ID            | Early Allocation by IANA  |
   |    517     | BGP Confederation Member | Early Allocation by IANA  |
   +------------+------------------------------------------------------+

                Figure 8: BGP-LS Descriptor TLVs Codepoints

   The following new Link Attribute TLVs are defined:

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   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |  Codepoint | Description              |         Status            |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |    1101    | Peer-Node-SID            | Early Allocation by IANA  |
   |    1102    | Peer-Adj-SID             | Early Allocation by IANA  |
   |    1103    | Peer-Set-SID             | Early Allocation by IANA  |
   +------------+------------------------------------------------------+

                Figure 9: BGP-LS Attribute TLVs Codepoints

9.  Manageability Considerations

   The new protocol extensions introduced in this document augment the
   existing IGP topology information BGP-LS distribution [RFC7752] by
   adding support for distribution of BGP peering topology information.
   As such, the Manageability Considerations section of [RFC7752]
   applies to these new extensions as well.

   Specifically, the malformed NLRI attribute tests for syntactic checks
   in the Fault Management section of [RFC7752] now apply to the TLVs
   for the BGP-LS NLRI TLVs defined in this document.  The semantic or
   content checking for the TLVs specified in this document and their
   association with the BGP-LS NLRI types or their associated BGP-LS
   Attributes is left to the consumer of the BGP-LS information (e.g. an
   application or a controller) and not the BGP protocol.

   A consumer of the BGP-LS information is retrieving this information
   from a BGP protocol component, that is doing the signaling over a
   BGP-LS session, via some APIs or a data model (refer Section 1 and 2
   of [RFC7752]).  The handling of semantic or content errors by the
   consumer would be dictated by the nature of its application usage and
   hence is beyond the scope of this document.  It may be expected that
   an error detected in the NLRI descriptor TLVs would result in that
   specific NLRI update being unusable and hence its update to be
   discarded along with an error log.  While an error in Attribute TLVs
   would result in only that specific attribute being discarded with an
   error log.

   The operator MUST be provided with the options of configuring,
   enabling, and disabling the advertisement of each of the Peer-Node-
   SID, Peer-Adj-SID, and Peer-Set-SID as well as control of which
   information is advertised to which internal or external peer.  This
   is not different from what is required by a BGP speaker in terms of
   information origination and advertisement.

   BGP Peering Segments are associated with the normal BGP routing
   peering sessions.  However, the BGP peering information along with
   these Peering Segments themselves are advertised via a distinct BGP-

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   LS peering session.  It is expected that this isolation as described
   in [RFC7752] is followed when advertising BGP peering topology
   information via BGP-LS.

   BGP-EPE functionality enables the capability for instantiation of an
   SR path for traffic engineering a flow via an egress BGP router to a
   specific peer, bypassing the normal BGP best path routing for that
   flow and any routing policies implemented in BGP on that egress BGP
   router.  As with any traffic engineering solution, the controller or
   application implementing the policy needs to ensure that there is no
   looping or mis-routing of traffic.  Traffic counters corresponding to
   the MPLS label of the BGP Peering SID on the router would indicate
   the traffic being forwarded based on the specific EPE path.
   Monitoring these counters and the flows hitting the corresponding
   MPLS forwarding entry would help identify issues, if any, with
   traffic engineering over the EPE paths.

10.  Security Considerations

   [RFC7752] defines BGP-LS NLRI to which the extensions defined in this
   document apply.  The Security Considerations section of [RFC7752]
   also applies to these extensions.

   BGP-EPE enables engineering of traffic when leaving the
   administrative domain via an egress BGP router.  Therefore precaution
   is necessary to ensure that the BGP peering information collected via
   BGP-LS is limited to specific controllers or applications in a secure
   manner.  By default, Segment Routing operates within a trusted domain
   (refer Security Considerations section in [RFC8402] for more detail)
   and its security considerations also apply to BGP Peering Segments.
   The BGP-EPE policies are expected to be used entirely within this
   trusted SR domain (e.g. between multiple AS/domains within a single
   provider network).

   The isolation of BGP-LS peering sessions is also required to ensure
   that BGP-LS topology information (including the newly added BGP
   peering topology) is not advertised to an external BGP peering
   session outside an administrative domain.

11.  Contributors

   Mach (Guoyi) Chen
   Huawei Technologies
   China

   Email: mach.chen@huawei.com

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   Acee Lindem
   Cisco Systems Inc.
   US

   Email: acee@cisco.com

12.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank Jakob Heitz, Howard Yang, Hannes
   Gredler, Peter Psenak, Arjun Sreekantiah and Bruno Decraene for their
   feedback and comments.  The authors would also like to thank Susan
   Hares for her substantial contributions in improving the clarity of
   the document during her shepherd's review.

13.  References

13.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4271]  Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A
              Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4271, January 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4271>.

   [RFC5065]  Traina, P., McPherson, D., and J. Scudder, "Autonomous
              System Confederations for BGP", RFC 5065,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5065, August 2007,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5065>.

   [RFC5307]  Kompella, K., Ed. and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "IS-IS Extensions
              in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
              (GMPLS)", RFC 5307, DOI 10.17487/RFC5307, October 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5307>.

   [RFC6286]  Chen, E. and J. Yuan, "Autonomous-System-Wide Unique BGP
              Identifier for BGP-4", RFC 6286, DOI 10.17487/RFC6286,
              June 2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6286>.

   [RFC8402]  Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L.,
              Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
              Routing Architecture", RFC 8402, DOI 10.17487/RFC8402,
              July 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8402>.

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13.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.dawra-idr-bgpls-srv6-ext]
              Dawra, G., Filsfils, C., Talaulikar, K., Chen, M.,
              daniel.bernier@bell.ca, d., Uttaro, J., Decraene, B., and
              H. Elmalky, "BGP Link State extensions for IPv6 Segment
              Routing(SRv6)", draft-dawra-idr-bgpls-srv6-ext-04 (work in
              progress), September 2018.

   [I-D.ietf-idr-bgp-ls-segment-routing-ext]
              Previdi, S., Talaulikar, K., Filsfils, C., Gredler, H.,
              and M. Chen, "BGP Link-State extensions for Segment
              Routing", draft-ietf-idr-bgp-ls-segment-routing-ext-09
              (work in progress), October 2018.

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-epe]
              Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Dawra, G., Aries, E., and D.
              Afanasiev, "Segment Routing Centralized BGP Egress Peer
              Engineering", draft-ietf-spring-segment-routing-central-
              epe-10 (work in progress), December 2017.

   [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-policy]
              Filsfils, C., Sivabalan, S., daniel.voyer@bell.ca, d.,
              bogdanov@google.com, b., and P. Mattes, "Segment Routing
              Policy Architecture", draft-ietf-spring-segment-routing-
              policy-01 (work in progress), June 2018.

   [RFC7752]  Gredler, H., Ed., Medved, J., Previdi, S., Farrel, A., and
              S. Ray, "North-Bound Distribution of Link-State and
              Traffic Engineering (TE) Information Using BGP", RFC 7752,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7752, March 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7752>.

   [RFC7942]  Sheffer, Y. and A. Farrel, "Improving Awareness of Running
              Code: The Implementation Status Section", BCP 205,
              RFC 7942, DOI 10.17487/RFC7942, July 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942>.

Authors' Addresses

   Stefano Previdi (editor)
   Individual

   Email: stefano@previdi.net

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   Ketan Talaulikar
   Cisco Systems, Inc.

   Email: ketant@cisco.com

   Clarence Filsfils
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   Brussels
   Belgium

   Email: cfilsfil@cisco.com

   Keyur Patel
   Arrcus, Inc.

   Email: Keyur@arrcus.com

   Saikat Ray
   Individual Contributor

   Email: raysaikat@gmail.com

   Jie Dong
   Huawei Technologies
   Huawei Campus, No. 156 Beiqing Rd.
   Beijing  100095
   China

   Email: jie.dong@huawei.com

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