Deterministic Networking (DetNet) Configuration YANG Model
draft-ietf-detnet-yang-01
The information below is for an old version of the document.
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|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Xuesong Geng , Mach Chen , Zhenqiang Li , Reshad Rahman | ||
| Last updated | 2019-01-14 | ||
| Replaces | draft-geng-detnet-conf-yang | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
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draft-ietf-detnet-yang-01
Network Working Group X. Geng
Internet-Draft M. Chen
Intended status: Standards Track Huawei Technologies
Expires: July 18, 2019 Z. Li
China Mobile
R. Rahman
Cisco Systems
January 14, 2019
Deterministic Networking (DetNet) Configuration YANG Model
draft-ietf-detnet-yang-01
Abstract
This document contains the specification for Deterministic Networking
flow configuration YANG Model. The model allows for provisioning of
end-to-end DetNet service along the path without dependency on any
signaling protocol.
The YANG module defined in this document conforms to the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA).
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on July 18, 2019.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Terminologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. DetNet Configuration Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. DetNet Service Proxy Configuration Attributes . . . . . . 4
3.2. DetNet Service Layer Configuration Attributes . . . . . . 5
3.3. DetNet Transport Layer Configuration Attributes . . . . . 7
4. DetNet Configuration YANG Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. DetNet Configuration YANG Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. DetNet Configuration Model Classification . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.1. Fully Distributed Configuration Model . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.2. Fully Centralized Configuration Model . . . . . . . . . . 31
6.3. Hybrid Configuration Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7. Open Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1. Introduction
Deterministic Networking (DetNet) [I-D.ietf-detnet-architecture] is
defined to provide high-quality network service with extremely low
packet loss rate, bounded low latency and jitter.
DetNet flow information is defined
in[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model], and the DetNet models are
categorized as:
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o Flow models: describe characteristics of data flows. These models
describe in detail all relevant aspects of a flow that are needed
to support the flow properly by the network between the source and
the destination(s).
o Service models: describe characteristics of services being
provided for data flows over a network. These models can be
treated as a network operator independent information model.
o Configuration models: describe in detail the settings required on
network nodes to serve a data flow properly. Service and flow
information models are used between the user and the network
operator. Configuration information models are used between the
management/control plane entity of the network and the network
nodes.
They are shown in the Figure 1.
User Network Operator
flow/service
+---+ model +---+
| | <---------------> | X | management/control
+---+ +-+-+ plane entity
^
| configuration
| model
+------------+
v | |
+-+ | v network
+-+ v +-+ nodes
+-+ +-+
+-+
Figure 1. Three Information Models
DetNet YANG [RFC7950] [RFC6991] models include:
DetNet YANG [RFC7950] [RFC6991] models are used for DetNet service
configurations, QoS configuration and topology discovery. DetNet
topology model is defined in ietf-detnet-topology-yang. This
document defines two YANG models, which are referred to as DetNet
flow configuration model and DetNet transport QoS model. DetNet flow
model is designed for DetNet flow path configuration and flow status
reporting. DetNet transport QoS model is designed for QoS attributes
configuration of transport tunnels to achieve end-to-end bounded
latency and zero congestion loss.
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2. Terminologies
This documents uses the terminologies defined in
[I-D.ietf-detnet-architecture].
3. DetNet Configuration Model
DetNet flow configuration includes DetNet Service Proxy
configuration, DetNet Service Layer configuration and DetNet
Transport Layer configuration. The corresponding attributes used in
different layers are defined in Section 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, respectively.
3.1. DetNet Service Proxy Configuration Attributes
DetNet service proxy is responsible for mapping between application
flows and DetNet flows at the edge node(egress/ingress node). Where
the application flows can be either layer 2 or layer 3 flows. To
identify a flow at the User Network Interface (UNI), as defined in
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model], the following flow
attributes are introduced:
o DetNet L3 Flow Identification, refers to Section 7.1.1 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model]
o DetNet L2 Flow Identification, refers to Section 7.1.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model]
DetNet service proxy can also do flow filtering and policing at the
ingress to prevent the misbehaviored flows from going into the
network, which needs:
o Traffic Specification, refers to Section 7.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model]
The YANG module structure is shown below:
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+--rw client-flow* [flow-id]
| +--rw flow-id uint32
| +--rw (flow-type)?
| | +--:(l2-flow-identfication)
| | | +--rw source-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | +--rw destination-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | +--rw ethertype? eth:ethertype
| | | +--rw vlan-id? uint16
| | | +--rw pcp
| | +--:(l3-flow-identification)
| | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw protocol? uint8
| +--rw traffic-specification
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
3.2. DetNet Service Layer Configuration Attributes
DetNet service functions, e.g., DetNet tunnel initialization/
termination and service protection, are provided in DetNet service
layer. To support these functions, the following service attributes
need to be configured:
o DetNet flow identification, refers to Section 7.1.3 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model].
o Service function indication, indicates which service function will
be invoked at a DetNet edge, relay node or end station. (DetNet
tunnel initialization or termination are default functions in
DetNet service layer, so there is no need for explicit
indication.)
o Flow Rank, refers to Section 7.3 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model].
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o Service Rank, refers to Section 7.4 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model].
o Service decapsulation, refers to Section 6.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls]
o Transport decapsulation, refers to Section 6.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls] and Section 3 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-ip]
o Service encapsulation, refers to Section 6.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls]
o Transport encapsulation, refers to Section 6.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls]and Section 3 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-ip]
The YANG module structure is shown below:
| +--rw relay-node
| +--rw name? string
| +--rw flow-rank
| +--rw service-rank
| +--rw in-segment* [in-segment-id]
| | +--rw in-segment-id uint32
| | +--rw (flow-type)?
| | | +--:(IP)
| | | | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw protocol? uint8
| | | +--:(MPLS)
| | | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw service-function? service-function-type
| +--rw out-segment* [out-segment-id]
| +--rw out-segment-id uint32
| +--rw detnet-service-encapsulation
| | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw control-word uint32
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| +--rw detnet-transport-encapsulation
| +--rw (tunnel-type)?
| | +--:(IPv4)
| | | +--rw ipv4-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw protocol uint8
| | | +--rw ttl? uint8
| | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | +--:(IPv6)
| | | +--rw ipv6-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw next-header uint8
| | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | +--rw hop-limit? uint8
| | +--:(MPLS)
| | +--rw mpls-encaplustion
| | +--rw label-operations* [label-oper-id]
| | +--rw label-oper-id uint32
| | +--rw (label-actions)?
| | +--:(label-push)
| | | +--rw label-push
| | | +--rw label uint32
| | | +--rw s-bit? boolean
| | | +--rw tc-value? uint8
| | | +--rw ttl-value? uint8
| | +--:(label-swap)
| | +--rw label-swap
| | +--rw out-label uint32
| | +--rw ttl-action? ttl-action-definition
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
3.3. DetNet Transport Layer Configuration Attributes
As defined in [I-D.ietf-detnet-architecture], DetNet transport layer
optionally provides congestion protection for DetNet flows over paths
provided by the underlying network. Explicit route is another
mechanism that is used by DetNet to avoid temporary interruptions
caused by the convergence of routing or bridging protocols, and it is
also implemented at the DetNet transport layer.
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To support congestion protection and explicit route, the following
transport layer related attributes are necessary:
o Traffic Specification, refers to Section 7.2 of
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model]. It may used for
bandwidth reservation, flow shaping, filtering and policing.
o Explicit path, existing explicit route mechanisms can be reused.
For example, if Segment Routing (SR) tunnel is used as the
transport tunnel, the configuration is mainly at the ingress node
of the transport layer; if the static MPLS tunnel is used as the
transport tunnel, the configurations need to be at every transit
node along the path; for pure IP based transport tunnel, it's
similar to the static MPLS case.
The YANG module structure is shown below:
| +--rw transit-node
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
The parameters for DetNet transport QoS are defined in Section 5.
4. DetNet Configuration YANG Structure
module: ietf-detnet-flow-config
+--rw detnet-flow
+--rw (detnet-node-role)?
+--:(transit-node)
| +--rw transit-node
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
+--:(relay-node)
| +--rw relay-node
| +--rw name? string
| +--rw flow-rank
| +--rw service-rank
| +--rw in-segment* [in-segment-id]
| | +--rw in-segment-id uint32
| | +--rw (flow-type)?
| | | +--:(IP)
| | | | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
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| | | | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw protocol? uint8
| | | +--:(MPLS)
| | | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw service-function? service-function-type
| +--rw out-segment* [out-segment-id]
| +--rw out-segment-id uint32
| +--rw detnet-service-encapsulation
| | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw control-word uint32
| +--rw detnet-transport-encapsulation
| +--rw (tunnel-type)?
| | +--:(IPv4)
| | | +--rw ipv4-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw protocol uint8
| | | +--rw ttl? uint8
| | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | +--:(IPv6)
| | | +--rw ipv6-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw next-header uint8
| | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | +--rw hop-limit? uint8
| | +--:(MPLS)
| | +--rw mpls-encaplustion
| | +--rw label-operations* [label-oper-id]
| | +--rw label-oper-id uint32
| | +--rw (label-actions)?
| | +--:(label-push)
| | | +--rw label-push
| | | +--rw label uint32
| | | +--rw s-bit? boolean
| | | +--rw tc-value? uint8
| | | +--rw ttl-value? uint8
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| | +--:(label-swap)
| | +--rw label-swap
| | +--rw out-label uint32
| | +--rw ttl-action? ttl-action-definition
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
+--:(edge-node)
| +--rw edge-node
| +--rw client-flow* [flow-id]
| | +--rw flow-id uint32
| | +--rw (flow-type)?
| | | +--:(l2-flow-identfication)
| | | | +--rw source-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | | +--rw destination-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | | +--rw ethertype? eth:ethertype
| | | | +--rw vlan-id? uint16
| | | | +--rw pcp
| | | +--:(l3-flow-identification)
| | | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | | +--rw protocol? uint8
| | +--rw traffic-specification
| | +--rw interval? uint32
| | +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| | +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| | +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| | +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw detnet-service-instance
| +--rw name? string
| +--rw flow-rank
| +--rw service-rank
| +--rw in-segment* [in-segment-id]
| | +--rw in-segment-id uint32
| | +--rw (flow-type)?
| | | +--:(IP)
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| | | | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | | | +--rw protocol? uint8
| | | +--:(MPLS)
| | | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw service-function? service-function-type
| +--rw out-segment* [out-segment-id]
| +--rw out-segment-id uint32
| +--rw detnet-service-encapsulation
| | +--rw service-label uint32
| | +--rw control-word uint32
| +--rw detnet-transport-encapsulation
| +--rw (tunnel-type)?
| | +--:(IPv4)
| | | +--rw ipv4-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | | +--rw protocol uint8
| | | +--rw ttl? uint8
| | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | +--:(IPv6)
| | | +--rw ipv6-encaplustion
| | | +--rw src-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw next-header uint8
| | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | +--rw hop-limit? uint8
| | +--:(MPLS)
| | +--rw mpls-encaplustion
| | +--rw label-operations* [label-oper-id]
| | +--rw label-oper-id uint32
| | +--rw (label-actions)?
| | +--:(label-push)
| | | +--rw label-push
| | | +--rw label uint32
| | | +--rw s-bit? boolean
| | | +--rw tc-value? uint8
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| | | +--rw ttl-value? uint8
| | +--:(label-swap)
| | +--rw label-swap
| | +--rw out-label uint32
| | +--rw ttl-action? ttl-action-definition
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
+--:(end-station)
+--rw end-station
+--rw client-flow* [flow-id]
| +--rw flow-id uint32
| +--rw (flow-type)?
| | +--:(l2-flow-identfication)
| | | +--rw source-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | +--rw destination-mac-address? yang:mac-address
| | | +--rw ethertype? eth:ethertype
| | | +--rw vlan-id? uint16
| | | +--rw pcp
| | +--:(l3-flow-identification)
| | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | +--rw protocol? uint8
| +--rw traffic-specification
| +--rw interval? uint32
| +--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw max-payload-size? uint32
| +--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
| +--rw average-payload-size? uint32
+--rw detnet-service-instance
+--rw name? string
+--rw flow-rank
+--rw service-rank
+--rw in-segment* [in-segment-id]
| +--rw in-segment-id uint32
| +--rw (flow-type)?
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| | +--:(IP)
| | | +--rw (ip-flow-type)?
| | | | +--:(ipv4)
| | | | | +--rw src-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | +--rw dest-ipv4-address? inet:ipv4-address
| | | | | +--rw dscp? uint8
| | | | +--:(ipv6)
| | | | +--rw src-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | +--rw dest-ipv6-address? inet:ipv6-address
| | | | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | | | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | | +--rw source-port? inet:port-number
| | | +--rw destination-port? inet:port-number
| | | +--rw protocol? uint8
| | +--:(MPLS)
| | +--rw service-label uint32
| +--rw service-function? service-function-type
+--rw out-segment* [out-segment-id]
+--rw out-segment-id uint32
+--rw detnet-service-encapsulation
| +--rw service-label uint32
| +--rw control-word uint32
+--rw detnet-transport-encapsulation
+--rw (tunnel-type)?
| +--:(IPv4)
| | +--rw ipv4-encaplustion
| | +--rw src-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | +--rw dest-ipv4-address inet:ipv4-address
| | +--rw protocol uint8
| | +--rw ttl? uint8
| | +--rw dscp? uint8
| +--:(IPv6)
| | +--rw ipv6-encaplustion
| | +--rw src-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | +--rw dest-ipv6-address inet:ipv6-address
| | +--rw next-header uint8
| | +--rw traffic-class? uint8
| | +--rw flow-label? inet:ipv6-flow-label
| | +--rw hop-limit? uint8
| +--:(MPLS)
| +--rw mpls-encaplustion
| +--rw label-operations* [label-oper-id]
| +--rw label-oper-id uint32
| +--rw (label-actions)?
| +--:(label-push)
| | +--rw label-push
| | +--rw label uint32
| | +--rw s-bit? boolean
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| | +--rw tc-value? uint8
| | +--rw ttl-value? uint8
| +--:(label-swap)
| +--rw label-swap
| +--rw out-label uint32
| +--rw ttl-action? ttl-action-definition
+--rw interval? uint32
+--rw max-packets-per-interval? uint32
+--rw max-payload-size? uint32
+--rw average-packets-per-interval? uint32
+--rw average-payload-size? uint32
5. DetNet Configuration YANG Model
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-detnet-config@20190114.yang"
module ietf-detnet-config {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-detnet-flow-config";
prefix "detnet-flow";
import ietf-yang-types {
prefix "yang";
}
import ietf-inet-types{
prefix "inet";
}
import ietf-ethertypes {
prefix "eth";
}
organization "IETF DetNet Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/detnet/>
WG List: <mailto: detnet@ietf.org>
WG Chair: Lou Berger
<mailto:lberger@labn.net>
Janos Farkas
<janos.farkas@ericsson.com>
Editor: Xuesong Geng
<mailto:gengxuesong@huawei.com>
Editor: Mach Chen
<mailto:mach.chen@huawei.com>
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Editor: Zhenqiang Li
<lizhenqiang@chinamobile.com>
Editor: Reshad Rahman
<rrahman@cisco.com>";
description
"This YANG module describes the parameters needed
for DetNet flow configuration and flow status
reporting.";
revision "2018-09-10" {
description "initial revision";
reference "RFC XXXX: draft-geng-detnet-config-yang-05";
}
identity detnet-node-role {
description
"base detnet-node-role";
}
identity end-station {
base detnet-node-role;
description
"Commonly called a 'host' in IETF documents,
and an 'end station' is IEEE 802 documents.
End systems of interest to this document
are either sources or destinations of DetNet
flows. And end system may or may not be
DetNet transport layer aware or DetNet
service layer aware.";
}
identity edge-node {
base detnet-node-role;
description
"An instance of a DetNet relay node that
includes either a DetNet service layer proxy
function for DetNet service protection (e.g.
the addition or removal of packet sequencing
information) for one or more end systems, or
starts or terminate congestion protection at
the DetNet transport layer,analogous to a
Label Edge Router (LER).";
}
identity relay-node {
base detnet-node-role;
description
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"A DetNet node including a service layer
function that interconnects different DetNet
transport layer paths to provide service
protection. A DetNet relay node can be a bridge,
a router, a firewall, or any other system that
participates in the DetNet service layer. It
typically incorporates DetNet transport layer
functions as well, in which case it is
collocated with a transit node.";
}
identity transit-node {
base detnet-node-role;
description
"A node operating at the DetNet transport layer,
that utilizes link layer and/or network layer
switching across multiple links and/or
sub-networks to provide paths for DetNet
service layer functions. Optionally provides
congestion protection over those paths. An MPLS
LSR is an example of a DetNet transit node.";
}
identity ttl-action {
description
"Base identity from which all TTL
actions are derived.";
}
identity no-action {
base "ttl-action";
description
"Do nothing regarding the TTL.";
}
identity copy-to-inner {
base "ttl-action";
description
"Copy the TTL of the outer header
to the inner header.";
}
identity decrease-and-copy-to-inner {
base "ttl-action";
description
"Decrease TTL by one and copy the TTL
to the inner header.";
}
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typedef ttl-action-definition {
type identityref {
base "ttl-action";
}
description
"TTL action definition.";
}
identity detnet-transport-layer {
description
"The layer that optionally provides congestion
protection for DetNet flows over paths provided
by the underlying network.";
}
identity detnet-service-layer {
description
"The layer at which service protection is
provided, either packet sequencing, replication,
and elimination or packet encoding";
}
typedef service-function-type {
type enumeration {
enum replication {
description
"A Packet Replication Function (PRF) replicates
DetNet flow packets and forwards them to one or
more next hops in the DetNet domain. The number
of packet copies sent to each next hop is a
DetNet flow specific parameter at the node doing
the replication. PRF can be implemented by an
edge node, a relay node, or an end system";
}
enum elimination {
description
"A Packet Elimination Function (PEF) eliminates
duplicate copies of packets to prevent excess
packets flooding the network or duplicate
packets being sent out of the DetNet domain.
PEF can be implemented by an edge node, a relay
node, or an end system.";
}
enum ordering {
description
"A Packet Ordering Function (POF) re-orders
packets within a DetNet flow that are received
out of order. This function can be implemented
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by an edge node, a relay node, or an end system.";
}
enum elimination-ordering {
description
"A combination of PEF and POF that can be
implemented by an edge node, a relay node, or
an end system.";
}
enum elimination-replication {
description
"A combination of PEF and PRF that can be
implemented by an edge node, a relay node, or
an end system";
}
enum elimination-ordering-replicaiton {
description
"A combination of PEF, POF and PRF that can be
implemented by an edge node, a relay node, or
an end system";
}
}
description
"DetNet service function and function combination
types.";
}
grouping detnet-transport-qos {
description
"DetNet transport tunnel QoS attributes.";
uses traffic-specification;
}
grouping ipv4-header {
description
"The IPv4 header encapsulation information.";
leaf src-ipv4-address {
type inet:ipv4-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The source IP address of the header.";
}
leaf dest-ipv4-address {
type inet:ipv4-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The destination IP address of the header.";
}
leaf protocol {
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type uint8;
mandatory true;
description
"The protocol id of the header.";
}
leaf ttl {
type uint8;
description
"The TTL of the header.";
}
leaf dscp {
type uint8;
description
"The DSCP field of the header.";
}
}
grouping ipv6-header {
description
"The IPv6 header encapsulation information.";
leaf src-ipv6-address {
type inet:ipv6-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The source IP address of the header.";
}
leaf dest-ipv6-address {
type inet:ipv6-address;
mandatory true;
description
"The destination IP address of the header.";
}
leaf next-header {
type uint8;
mandatory true;
description
"The next header of the IPv6 header.";
}
leaf traffic-class {
type uint8;
description
"The traffic class value of the header.";
}
leaf flow-label {
type inet:ipv6-flow-label;
description
"The flow label of the header.";
}
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leaf hop-limit {
type uint8 {
range "1..255";
}
description
"The hop limit of the header.";
}
}
grouping mpls-header {
description
"The MPLS encapsulation header information.";
list label-operations {
key "label-oper-id";
description
"Label operations.";
leaf label-oper-id {
type uint32;
description
"An optional identifier that points
to a label operation.";
}
choice label-actions {
description
"Label action options.";
case label-push {
container label-push {
description
"Label push operation.";
leaf label {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"The label to be pushed.";
}
leaf s-bit {
type boolean;
description
"The s-bit of the label to be pushed.";
}
leaf tc-value {
type uint8;
description
"The traffic class value of the label
to be pushed.";
}
leaf ttl-value {
type uint8;
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description
"The TTL value of the label to be
pushed.";
}
}
}
case label-swap {
container label-swap {
description
"Label swap operation.";
leaf out-label {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"The out MPLS label.";
}
leaf ttl-action {
type ttl-action-definition;
description
"The label ttl actions:
- No-action, or
- Copy to inner label,or
- Decrease (the in label) by 1 and
copy to the out label.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
grouping mpls-detnet-header {
description
"The MPLS DetNet encapsulation header information.";
leaf service-label {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"The service label.";
}
leaf control-word {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"The control word of the DetNet header.";
}
}
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grouping transport-tunnel-encap{
description
"Defines the transport tunnel encapsulation
header.";
choice tunnel-type {
description
"Tunnel type includes: IPv4, IPv6, MPLS.";
case IPv4 {
description
"IPv4 tunnel.";
container ipv4-encapsulation {
description
"IPv4 encapsulation.";
uses ipv4-header;
}
}
case IPv6 {
description
"IPv6 tunnel.";
container ipv6-encapsulation {
description
"IPv6 encapsulation.";
uses ipv6-header;
}
}
case MPLS {
description
"MPLS tunnel.";
container mpls-encapsulation {
description
"MPLS encapsulation.";
uses mpls-header;
}
}
}
}
grouping detnet-transport-instance {
description
"An instance of the DetNet transport layer, which
depends on the specific data plane that is used
as the underlay tunnel.";
uses transport-tunnel-encap;
uses detnet-transport-qos;
}
grouping ip-flow-identification {
description
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"IP flow identification.";
choice ip-flow-type {
description
"IP flow types: IPv4, IPv6.";
case ipv4 {
description
"IPv4 flow identification.";
leaf src-ipv4-address {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"The source IP address of the header.";
}
leaf dest-ipv4-address {
type inet:ipv4-address;
description
"The destination IP address of the header.";
}
leaf dscp {
type uint8;
description
"The DSCP field of the header.";
}
}
case ipv6 {
description
"IPv6 flow identification.";
leaf src-ipv6-address {
type inet:ipv6-address;
description
"The source IP address of the header.";
}
leaf dest-ipv6-address {
type inet:ipv6-address;
description
"The destination IP address of the header.";
}
leaf traffic-class {
type uint8;
description
"The traffic class value of the header.";
}
leaf flow-label {
type inet:ipv6-flow-label;
description
"The flow label of the header.";
}
}
}
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leaf source-port {
type inet:port-number;
description
"The source port number.";
}
leaf destination-port {
type inet:port-number;
description
"The destination port number.";
}
leaf protocol {
type uint8;
description
"The protocol id of the header.";
}
}
grouping l3-flow-identification {
description
"Layer 3 flow identification in the DetNet
domain.";
choice flow-type {
description
"L3 DetNet flow types: IP and MPLS.";
case IP {
description
"IP (IPv4 or IPv6) flow identification.";
uses ip-flow-identification;
}
case MPLS {
description
"MPLS flow identification.";
leaf service-label {
type uint32;
mandatory true;
description
"The service label.";
}
}
}
} //l3-flow-identification
grouping in-segments {
description
"From a receiving node point of view, In-segments
are a set of instances of a DetNet flow at the
receiving node. This occurs when Packet Replication
Function (PRF) is enabled at an upstream node or
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multiple flows map/aggregate to a single DetNet
flow.";
list in-segment {
key "in-segment-id";
description
"A list of in segments, there will be
multiple in-segments for a DetNet flow
when PRF and PEF enabled.";
leaf in-segment-id {
type uint32;
description
"in-segment identifier.";
}
uses l3-flow-identification;
leaf service-function {
type service-function-type;
description
"DetNet service function indication.";
}
}
}
grouping out-segments {
description
"Out-segments are a set of instances of
a DetNet flow, this occurs when implement
packet replication function, where an
in-segment of a DetNet flow is replicated
to multiple out-segments.";
list out-segment {
key "out-segment-id";
description
"A list of segments, there will be multiple
out-segments when perform PRF.";
leaf out-segment-id {
type uint32;
description
"The out-segment identifier";
}
container detnet-service-encapsulation {
description
"Only MPLS based DetNet defines DetNet
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service layer. The service encapsulation
includes service label and control word.";
uses mpls-detnet-header;
}
container detnet-transport-encapsulation {
description
"Each out-segment corresponds to a
transport instance.";
uses detnet-transport-instance;
}
}
}
grouping detnet-service-instance{
description
"An end-2-end DetNet service is consisted of
multiple segments. The concept of segment is
similar to PW segment. For DetNet, since the
existing of PREOF, there could be three cases:
1 - One in-segment maps to multiple
out-segments, when implement PRF;
2 - Multiple in-segments map to one
out-segment, when implement PEF;
3 - Multiple in-segments map to multiple
out-segments, when implement a combination
of PEF and PRF.";
leaf name {
type string;
description
"The name of the service instance. This MUST
be unique across all service instances in
a given network device.";
}
container flow-rank{
description
"TBD based on the data plane solution.";
}
container service-rank{
description
"TBD based on the data plane solution.";
}
uses in-segments;
uses out-segments;
}
grouping l2-flow-identification-at-uni {
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description
"Layer 2 flow identification at UNI.";
leaf source-mac-address {
type yang:mac-address;
description
"The source MAC address used for
flow identification.";
}
leaf destination-mac-address {
type yang:mac-address;
description
"The destination MAC address used for
flow identification.";
}
leaf ethertype {
type eth:ethertype;
description
"The Ethernet Type (or Length) value represented
in the canonical order defined by IEEE 802.
The canonical representation uses lowercase
characters.";
reference
"IEEE 802-2014 Clause 9.2";
}
leaf vlan-id {
type uint16 {
range "1..4094";
}
description
"Vlan Identifier used for L2 flow identification.";
}
container pcp {
//Todo
description
"PCP used for L2 flow identification.";
}
}
grouping l3-flow-identification-at-uni {
description
"Layer 3 flow identification at UNI.";
uses ip-flow-identification;
}
grouping traffic-specification {
description
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"traffic-specification specifies how the Source
transmits packets for the flow. This is the
promise/request of the Source to the network.
The network uses this traffic specification
to allocate resources and adjust queue
parameters in network nodes.";
reference
"draft-ietf-detnet-flow-information-model";
leaf interval {
type uint32;
description
"The period of time in which the traffic
specification cannot be exceeded";
}
leaf max-packets-per-interval{
type uint32;
description
"The maximum number of packets that the
source will transmit in one Interval.";
}
leaf max-payload-size{
type uint32;
description
"The maximum payload size that the source
will transmit.";
}
leaf average-packets-per-interval {
type uint32;
description
"The average number of packets that the
source will transmit in one Interval";
}
leaf average-payload-size {
type uint32;
description
"The average payload size that the
source will transmit.";
}
}
grouping client-flows-at-uni {
description
"The attributes of the client flow at UNI. When
flow aggregation is enabled at ingress, multiple
client flows map to a DetNet service instance.";
list client-flow {
key "flow-id";
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description
"A list of client flows.";
leaf flow-id {
type uint32;
description
"Flow identifier that is unique in a network
device for client flow identification";
}
choice flow-type{
description
"Client flow type: layer 2 flow, layer 3
flow.";
case l2-flow-identfication {
description
"Ethernet flow identification.";
uses l2-flow-identification-at-uni;
}
case l3-flow-identification {
description
"layer 3 flow identification, including
IPv4,IPv6 and MPLS.";
uses l3-flow-identification-at-uni;
}
}
container traffic-specification {
description
"The traffic specification of the client flow.";
uses traffic-specification;
}
}
}
grouping detnet-service-proxy-instance {
description
"Maps between App-flows and DetNet flows";
uses client-flows-at-uni;
container detnet-service-instance {
description
"A DetNet service instance.";
uses detnet-service-instance;
}
}
container detnet-flow{
description
"DetNet flow configuration and status reporting.";
choice detnet-node-role{
description
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"Depends on the role of a node to configure
corresponding flow parameters.";
case transit-node{
description
"DetNet flow configuration parameters for
transit nodes.";
container transit-node {
description
"transit node container.";
uses detnet-transport-qos;
}
}
case relay-node{
description
"DetNet flow configuration parameters for
relay nodes.";
container relay-node {
description
"Relay node container.";
uses detnet-service-instance;
}
}
case edge-node{
description
"DetNet flow configuration parameters for
edge nodes.";
container edge-node {
description
"Edge node container.";
uses detnet-service-proxy-instance;
}
}
case end-station {
description
"DetNet flow configuration parameters for
end stations.";
container end-station {
description
"End station container.";
uses detnet-service-proxy-instance;
}
}
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
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6. DetNet Configuration Model Classification
This section defines three classes of DetNet configuration model:
fully distributed configuration model, fully centralized
configuration model, hybrid configuration model, based on different
network architectures, showing how configuration information
exchanges between various entities in the network.
6.1. Fully Distributed Configuration Model
In a fully distributed configuration model, UNI information is
transmitted over DetNet UNI protocol from the user side to the
network side; then UNI information and network configuration
information propagate in the network over distributed control plane
protocol. For example:
1) IGP collects topology information and DetNet capabilities of
network([I-D.geng-detnet-info-distribution]);
2) Control Plane of the Edge Node(Ingress) receives a flow
establishment request from UNI and calculates a/some valid path(s);
3) Using RSVP-TE, Edge Node(Ingress) sends a PATH message with
explicit route. After receiving the PATH message, the other Edge
Node(Egress) sends a Resv message with distributed label and resource
reservation request.
Current distributed control plane protocol,e.g., RSVP-TE[RFC3209],
SRP[IEEE802.1Qcc], can only reserve bandwidth along the path, while
the configuration of a fine-grained schedule, e.g.,Time Aware
Shaping(TAS) defined in [IEEE802.1Qbv], is not supported.
The fully distributed configuration model is not covered by this
draft. It should be discussed in the future DetNet control plane
work.
6.2. Fully Centralized Configuration Model
In the fully centralized configuration model, UNI information is
transmitted from Centralized User Configuration (CUC) to Centralized
Network Configuration(CNC). Configurations of routers for DetNet
flows are performed by CNC with network management protocol. For
example:
1) CNC collects topology information and DetNet capability of network
through Netconf;
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2) CNC receives a flow establishment request from UNI and calculates
a/some valid path(s);
3) CNC configures the devices along the path for flow transmission.
6.3. Hybrid Configuration Model
In the hybrid configuration model, controller and control plane
protocols work together to offer DetNet service, and there are a lot
of possible combinations. For example:
1) CNC collects topology information and DetNet capability of network
through IGP/BGP-LS;
2) CNC receives a flow establishment request from UNI and calculates
a/some valid path(s);
3) Based on the calculation result, CNC distributes flow path
information to Edge Node(Ingress) and other information(e.g.
replication/elimination) to the relevant nodes.
4) Using RSVP-TE, Edge Node(Ingress) sends a PATH message with
explicit route. After receiving the PATH message, the other Edge
Node(Egress) sends a Resv message with distributed label and resource
reservation request.
or
1) Controller collects topology information and DetNet capability of
network through IGP/BGP-LS;
2) Control Plane of Edge Node(Ingress) receives a flow establishment
request from UNI;
3) Edge Node(Ingress) sends the path establishment request to CNC
through PCEP;
4) After Calculation, CNC sends back the path information of the flow
to the Edge Node(Ingress) through PCEP;
5) Using RSVP-TE, Edge Node(Ingress) sends a PATH message with
explicit route. After receiving the PATH message, the other Edge
Node(Egress) sends a Resv message with distributed label and resource
reservation request.
There are also other variations that can be included in the hybrid
model. This draft can not coverer all the control plane data needed
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in hybrid configuration models. Every solution has there own
mechanism and corresponding parameters to make it work.
Editor's Note:
1. There are a lot of optional DetNet configuration models, and
different scenario in different use case can choose one of them based
on its conditions. Maybe next step of the work is to pick up one or
more typical scenarios and give a practical solution.
2. [IEEE802.1Qcc] also defines three TSN configuration models:
fully-centralized model, fully-distributed model, centralized Network
/ distributed User Model. This section defines the configuration
model roughly the same, to keep the design of L2 and L3 in the same
structure. Hybrid configuration model is slightly different from the
'centralized Network / distributed User Model'. The hybrid
configuration model intends to contain more variations.
7. Open Issues
There are some open issues that are still under discussion:
o The Relationship with 802.1 TSN YANG models is TBD. TSN YANG
models include: P802.1Qcw, which defines TSN YANG for Qbv, Qbu,
and Qci, and P802.1CBcv, which defines YANG for 802.1CB. The
possible problem here is how to avoid possible overlap among yang
models defined in IETF and IEEE. A common YANG model may be
defined in the future to shared by both TSN and DetNet. More
discussion are needed here.
o How to support DetNet OAM is TBD.
These issues will be resolved in the following versions of the draft.
8. IANA Considerations
This document makes no request of IANA.
Note to RFC Editor: this section may be removed on publication as an
RFC.
9. Security Considerations
<TBD>
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10. Acknowledgements
11. References
11.1. Normative References
[I-D.finn-detnet-bounded-latency]
Finn, N., Boudec, J., Mohammadpour, E., Zhang, J., Varga,
B., and J. Farkas, "DetNet Bounded Latency", draft-finn-
detnet-bounded-latency-02 (work in progress), October
2018.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-architecture]
Finn, N., Thubert, P., Varga, B., and J. Farkas,
"Deterministic Networking Architecture", draft-ietf-
detnet-architecture-10 (work in progress), December 2018.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-ip]
Korhonen, J. and B. Varga, "DetNet IP Data Plane
Encapsulation", draft-ietf-detnet-dp-sol-ip-01 (work in
progress), October 2018.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls]
Korhonen, J. and B. Varga, "DetNet MPLS Data Plane
Encapsulation", draft-ietf-detnet-dp-sol-mpls-01 (work in
progress), October 2018.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-flow-information-model]
Farkas, J., Varga, B., Cummings, R., Jiang, Y., and Y.
Zha, "DetNet Flow Information Model", draft-ietf-detnet-
flow-information-model-02 (work in progress), October
2018.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
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11.2. Informative References
[I-D.geng-detnet-info-distribution]
Geng, X., Chen, M., and Z. Li, "IGP-TE Extensions for
DetNet Information Distribution", draft-geng-detnet-info-
distribution-03 (work in progress), October 2018.
[I-D.ietf-detnet-use-cases]
Grossman, E., "Deterministic Networking Use Cases", draft-
ietf-detnet-use-cases-20 (work in progress), December
2018.
[I-D.ietf-teas-yang-te]
Saad, T., Gandhi, R., Liu, X., Beeram, V., Shah, H., and
I. Bryskin, "A YANG Data Model for Traffic Engineering
Tunnels and Interfaces", draft-ietf-teas-yang-te-17 (work
in progress), October 2018.
[I-D.ietf-teas-yang-te-topo]
Liu, X., Bryskin, I., Beeram, V., Saad, T., Shah, H., and
O. Dios, "YANG Data Model for Traffic Engineering (TE)
Topologies", draft-ietf-teas-yang-te-topo-18 (work in
progress), June 2018.
[I-D.thubert-tsvwg-detnet-transport]
Thubert, P., "A Transport Layer for Deterministic
Networks", draft-thubert-tsvwg-detnet-transport-01 (work
in progress), October 2017.
[I-D.varga-detnet-service-model]
Varga, B. and J. Farkas, "DetNet Service Model", draft-
varga-detnet-service-model-02 (work in progress), May
2017.
[IEEE802.1CB]
"IEEE, "Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability
(IEEE Draft P802.1CB)", 2017,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/private/cb-drafts/>.",
2016.
[IEEE802.1Q-2014]
"IEEE, "IEEE Std 802.1Q Bridges and Bridged Networks",
2014, <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6991462/>.",
2014.
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[IEEE802.1Qbu]
"IEEE, "IEEE Std 802.1Qbu Bridges and Bridged Networks -
Amendment 26: Frame Preemption", 2016,
<http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7553415/>.", 2016.
[IEEE802.1Qbv]
"IEEE, "IEEE Std 802.1Qbu Bridges and Bridged Networks -
Amendment 25: Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic", 2015,
<http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7572858/>.", 2016.
[IEEE802.1Qcc]
"IEEE, "Stream Reservation Protocol (SRP) Enhancements and
Performance Improvements (IEEE Draft P802.1Qcc)", 2017,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/private/cc-drafts/>.".
[IEEE802.1Qch]
"IEEE, "Cyclic Queuing and Forwarding (IEEE Draft
P802.1Qch)", 2017,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/private/ch-drafts/>.",
2016.
[IEEE802.1Qci]
"IEEE, "Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (IEEE Draft
P802.1Qci)", 2016,
<http://www.ieee802.org/1/files/private/ci-drafts/>.",
2016.
[RFC3209] Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.
[RFC4875] Aggarwal, R., Ed., Papadimitriou, D., Ed., and S.
Yasukawa, Ed., "Extensions to Resource Reservation
Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-
Multipoint TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs)", RFC 4875,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4875, May 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4875>.
[RFC8342] Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.
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Authors' Addresses
Xuesong Geng
Huawei Technologies
Email: gengxuesong@huawei.com
Mach(Guoyi) Chen
Huawei Technologies
Email: mach.chen@huawei.com
Zhenqiang Li
China Mobile
Email: lizhenqiang@chinamobile.com
Reshad Rahman
Cisco Systems
Email: rrahman@cisco.com
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