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BGP UPDATE for SDWAN Edge Discovery
draft-dunbar-idr-sdwan-edge-discovery-01

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
Authors Linda Dunbar , Susan Hares , Robert Raszuk , Kausik Majumdar
Last updated 2020-11-18
Replaced by draft-ietf-idr-sdwan-edge-discovery, draft-ietf-idr-sdwan-edge-discovery
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draft-dunbar-idr-sdwan-edge-discovery-01
Network Working Group                                         L. Dunbar
Internet Draft                                                Futurewei
Intended status: Standard                                      S. Hares
Expires: May 18, 2021                      Hickory Hill Consulting
                                                               R. Raszuk
                                                            Bloomberg LP
                                                            K. Majumdar
                                                               CommScope
                                                       November 18, 2020

                    BGP UPDATE for SDWAN Edge Discovery
                 draft-dunbar-idr-sdwan-edge-discovery-01

Abstract

   The document describes encoding of BGP UPDATE messages for the SDWAN
   edge node discovery.

   In the context of this document, BGP Route Reflectors (RR) is the
   component of the SDWAN Controller that receives the BGP UPDATE from
   SDWAN edges and in turns propagates the information to the intended
   peers that are authorized to communicate via the SDWAN overlay
   network.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
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   at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as
   reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt

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   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html

   This Internet-Draft will expire on Dec 18, 2020.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors. All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document. Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
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   document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in
   Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without
   warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1. Introduction...................................................3
   2. Conventions used in this document..............................3
   3. Framework of SDWAN Edge Discovery..............................4
      3.1. The Objectives of SDWAN Edge Discovery....................4
      3.2. Basic Schemes.............................................5
      3.3. Edge Node Discovery.......................................7
   4. BGP UPDATE to Support SDWAN Segmentation.......................8
      4.1. Constrained Propagation of Edge Capability................9
      4.2. SDWAN Segmentation for Control Plane.....................10
      4.3. SDWAN Segment Identifier in Data Plane...................11
   5. Hybrid Underlay...............................................11
      5.1. SDWAN-Hybrid Tunnel Encoding.............................11
      5.2. Encoding Example.........................................14
         5.2.1. Multiple IPsec SAs Sharing One Tunnel End Point.....14
         5.2.2. Multiple IPsec SAs with different Tunnel End Points.15
   6. Hybrid Underlay Detailed Attributes...........................16
      6.1. SDWAN NLRI for Underlay Network Properties...............16
      6.2. Extended Port Sub-TLV....................................18
      6.3. ISP of the Underlay network Sub-TLV......................20
   7. IPsec Security Association Property Sub-TLVs..................22

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      7.1. Controller Facilitated IPsec Tunnels for SDWAN Networks..22
      7.2. IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV...................................24
      7.3. IPsec Public Key Sub-TLV.................................25
      7.4. IPsec SA Proposal Sub-TLV................................26
      7.5. Simplified IPsec Security Association sub-TLV............26
      7.6. IPsec SA Encoding Examples...............................27
   8. Error & Mismatch Handling.....................................28
   9. Manageability Considerations..................................29
   10. Security Considerations......................................30
   11. IANA Considerations..........................................30
   12. References...................................................30
      12.1. Normative References....................................30
      12.2. Informative References..................................30
   13. Acknowledgments..............................................32

1. Introduction

   [SDWAN-BGP-USAGE] illustrates how BGP is used as control plane for a
   SDWAN network. SDWAN network is an overlay network with some special
   properties.

   The document describes a BGP UPDATE for SDWAN edge nodes to announce
   its properties to its RR which then propagates to the authorized
   peers.

2. Conventions used in this document

   Cloud DC:   Off-Premise Data Centers that usually host applications
               and workload owned by different organizations or
               tenants.

   Controller: Used interchangeably with SDWAN controller to manage
               SDWAN overlay path creation/deletion and monitor the
               path conditions between sites.

   CPE-Based VPN: Virtual Private Secure network formed among CPEs.
               This is to differentiate from most commonly used PE-
               based VPNs a la RFC 4364.

   MP-NLRI:    The MP_REACH_NLRI Path Attribute defined in RFC4760.

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   SDWAN End-point:  can be the SDWAN edge node address, a WAN port
               address (logical or physical) of a SDWAN edge node, or a
               client port address.

   OnPrem:     On Premises data centers and branch offices

   SDWAN:      Software Defined Wide Area Network. In this document,
               "SDWAN" refers to the solutions of policy-driven
               transporting IP packets over multiple different underlay
               networks to get better WAN bandwidth management,
               visibility.and control.

   SDWAN Instance: Same as SDWAN Segment

   SDWAN Segmentation: Segmentation is the process of dividing the
               network into logical sub-networks. One SDWAN Segment is
               very much like a VPN except that SDWAN segment is over
               hybrid of underlay networks.

3. Framework of SDWAN Edge Discovery

3.1. The Objectives of SDWAN Edge Discovery

   The objectives of SDWAN edge discovery is for a SDWAN edge node to
   discover its authorized peers to which its attached clients traffic
   need to communicate. The attributes to be propagated includes the
   SDWAN segmentations supported, the attached routes under specific
   SDWAN segmentations, and the properties of the underlay networks
   over which the client routes can be carried.

   Some SDWAN peers are connected by both trusted VPNs and untrusted
   public networks. Some SDWAN peers are connected only by untrusted
   public networks. For the portion over untrusted networks, IPsec
   Security Associations (IPsec SA) have to be established and
   maintained. If an edge node has network ports behind the NAT, the
   NAT properties needs to be discovered by authorized SDWAN peers.

   Just like any VPN networks, the attached client's routes belonging
   to specific SDWAN segmentations can only be exchanged to the SDWAN
   peer nodes that are authorized to communicate.

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3.2. Basic Schemes

   As described in [SDWAN-BGP-USAGE], two separate BGP UPDATE messages
   are used for SDWAN Edge Discovery:

     - UPDATE U1 for the attached client routes,
        This UPDATEs is for a SDWAN node to advertise the attached
        client routes to remote peers. This UPDATE will continue using
        the existing BGP AFI/SAFI for IP or VPN. Detailed underlay
        tunnel specification can be recursively resolved by using the
        Recursive Next Hop Resolution as specified by the section 8 of
        [Tunnel-Encap].

        A new Tunnel Type (SDWAN-Hybrid) needs to be added, to be used
        by Encapsulation Extended Community or the Tunnel-Encap Path
        Attribute [Tunnel-encap] to indicate mixed underlay networks.

     - UPDATE U2, advertised by the Next hop address of the UPDATE U1
        to propagate the properties tunnels terminated at the edge
        node.
        This UPDATE is for an edge node to advertise the properties of
        directly attached underlay networks, including the underlay
        network ISP information, NAT information, pre-configured IPsec
        SA identifiers. Also can include the detailed IPsec SA
        attributes, such as keys, nonce, encryption algorithms, etc.

        This UPDATE U2 is for peers to discover remote node's underlay
        network properties.

   In the following figure: there are four types underlay paths between
   C-PE1 and C-PE2:

      a) MPLS-in-GRE path;

      b) node-based IPsec tunnel [2.2.2.2<->1.1.1.1].

      c) port-based IPsec tunnel [192.0.0.1 <-> 192.10.0.10]; and

      d) port-based IPsec tunnel [172.0.0.1 <-> 160.0.0.1];

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                                       +---+
                        +--------------|RR |----------+
                       /  Untrusted    +-+-+           \
                      /                                 \
                     /                                   \
             +---------+  MPLS Path                      +-------+
     11.1.1.x| C-PE1   A1-------------------------------B1 C-PE2 |10.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
     21.1.1.x|         A2(192.10.0.10)------( 192.0.0.1)B2       |20.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
             | Addr    A3(160.0.0.1) --------(170.0.0.1)B3 Addr  |
             | 1.1.1.1 |                                 |2.2.2.2|
             +---------+                                 +-------+

                         Figure 1: Hybrid SDWAN

   C-PE2 uses UPDATE U1 to advertise the attached client routes:

   UDPATE U1:

         Extended community: RT for SDWAN Segmentation 1
         NLRI: AFI=? & SAFI = 1/1
           Prefix: 10.1.1.x; 20.1.1.x
           NextHop: 2.2.2.2 (C-PE2)
         Encapsulation Extended Community: tunnel-type=SDWAN-hybrid
         Color Extended Community: RED

   The UPDATE U1 is recursively resolved to the UPDATE U2 which
   specifies the detailed hybrid WAN underlay Tunnels terminated at the
   C-PE2:

   UPDATE U2:

         NLRI: SAFI = SDWAN
           (With Color RED encoded in the NLRI Site-Property field)
           Prefix: 2.2.2.2
           Tunnel encapsulation Path Attribute [type=SDWAN-Hybrid]
             IPSec SA for 192.0.0.1
             Tunnel-End-Point Sub-TLV [Section 3.1 of Tunnel-encap]
             IPsec SA sub-TLV [See the Section 5]

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           Tunnel encapsulation Path Attribute [type=SDWAN-Hybrid]
             IPSec SA for 170.0.0.1
             Tunnel-End-Point Sub-TLV /*the address*/
             IPsec SA sub-TLV

           Tunnel Encap Attr MPLS-in-GRE [type=SDWAN-Hybrid]
             Sub-TLV for MPLS-in-GRE [Section 3.2.6 of Tunnel-encap]

   Note: [Tunnel-Encap] Section 11 specifies that each Tunnel Encap
   Attribute can only have one Tunnel-End-Point sub-TLV. Therefore, two
   separate Tunnel Encap Attributes are needed to indicate that the
   client routes can be carried by either one.

3.3. Edge Node Discovery

   The basic scheme of SDWAN Edge node discovery using BGP consists of:

     - Upon powering up, a SDWAN edge node establish a secure tunnel
        (such as TLS, SSL) with the SDWAN central controller whose
        address is preconfigured on the edge node. The central
        controller will inform the edge node of its local RR. The edge
        node will establish a transport layer secure session with the
        RR (such as TLS, SSL).

     - The Edge node will advertise its own properties to its
        designated RR via the secure transport layer tunnel. This is
        different from traditional BGP, where each node sends its
        properties (BGP UPDATE) to its neighbors, which in turn
        propagate to all the nodes in the network.

     - The RR propagates the received information to the authorized
        peers.

     - The authorized peers can establish the secure data channels
        (IPsec) and exchange more information among each other.
   For a SDWAN deployment with multiple RRs, it is assumed that there
   are secure connections among those RRs. How secure connections being
   established among those RRs is the out of the scope of the current
   draft. The existing BGP UPDATE propagation mechanisms control the
   edge properties propagation among the RRs.

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   For some special environment where the communication to RR are
   highly secured, [SDN-IPsec] IKE-less can be deployed to simplify
   IPsec SA establishment among edge nodes.

4. BGP UPDATE to Support SDWAN Segmentation

   One SDWAN network can be divided to multiple segmentations. Each
   SDWAN edge node may need to support multiple SDWAN segments. One
   client's traffic may need to be mapped to different SDWAN
   segmentations based on client's policy. Therefore, we need encoding
   to differentiate SDWAN segments. For example, in the picture below,
   the "Payment-Flow" (payment applications) can only be propagated to
   "Payment-GW". Other flows can be propagated to all other nodes. This
   is very similar to VPNs. But need to differentiate from traditional
   MPLS VPNs because a SDWAN edge may also support traditional MPLS
   VPNs.
   [Note: SDWAN Segment ID is configured the same way as VRF, or EVI as
   in EVPN. For node with both MPLS and IPsec ports, the label for MPLS
   can be used for SDWAN Segment ID]

                                       +---+
                        +--------------|RR |----------+
                       /  Untrusted    +-+-+           \
                      /                                 \
                     /                                   \
             +---------+  MPLS Path                      +-------+
     11.1.1.x| C-PE1   A1-------------------------------B1 C-PE2 |10.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
     21.1.1.x|         A2(192.10.0.10)------( 192.0.0.1)B2       |20.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
             | Addr    A3(160.0.0.1) --------(170.0.0.1)B3 Addr  |11.2.2.x
             | 1.1.1.1 |                              /  |2.2.2.2|
             +---------+                             /   +-------+
                                                    /
                                                   /PaymentFlow
                                                  /
                                            +----+----+
                                            | payment |
                                            | Gateway |
                                            +---------+

                      Figure 2: SDWAN Segmentation

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4.1. Constrained Propagation of Edge Capability

     BGP has built-in mechanism to dynamically achieve the constrained
     distribution of edge information. RFC4684 describes the BGP RT
     constrained distribution. In a nutshell, a SDWAN edge sends RT
     Constraint (RTC) NLRI to the RR for the RR to install an outbound
     route filter, as shown in the figure below:

         RT Constraint                   RT constraint
         NLRI={SDWAN#1, SDWAN#2}         NLRI={SDWAN#1, SDWAN#3}
                 ----->                 +---+      <-----------
                   +--------------------|RR1|------------------+
                   | Outbound Filter    +---+  Outbound Filter |
                   | Permit SDWAN#1,#2        Permit SDWAN#1,#3|
                   | Deny all                 Deny all         |
                   |   <-------                --------->      |
                   |                                           |
             +-----+---+  MPLS Path                      +-----+-+
     11.1.1.x| C-PE1   A1-------------------------------B1 C-PE2 |10.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
     21.1.1.x|         A2(192.10.0.10)------( 192.0.0.1)B2       |20.1.1.x
             |         |                                 |       |
             | Addr    A3(160.0.0.1) --------(170.0.0.1)B3 Addr  |
             | 1.1.1.1 |                                 |2.2.2.2|
             +---------+                                 +-------+
     SDWAN Instance #1                                   SDWAN Instance #1
     SDWAN Instance #2                                   SDWAN Instance #3
           Figure 3: Constraint propagation of Edge Property

     However, as SDWAN overlay network span across untrusted networks,
     RR can't trust the RT Constraint (RTC) NLRI BGP UPDATE from any
     nodes. Polices must be configured on RR to filter out unauthorized
     nodes to be registered as interested in certain SDWAN segments. RR
     can only process the RTC NLRI from authorized peers for a SDWAN
     segment.

     It is out of the scope of this document on how RR is configured
     with the policies to filter out unauthorized nodes for specific
     SDWAN segments.

     When the RR receives BGP UPDATE from an edge node, it propagates
     the received UPDATE message to the nodes that are in the Outbound
     Route filter for the specific SDWAN segment.

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4.2. SDWAN Segmentation for Control Plane

   SDWAN Instances is represented by the SDWAN Target ID in the BGP
   Extended Community.

   Same as Route Target for VPN, a different Type is used to
   differentiate SDWAN segments from MPLS VPN instances. This is
   especially useful when a CPE supports both MPLS VPN and SDWAN
   Segmentation (instances).

   Encoding:

    RFC4360: Extended Community for SDWAN Route Target
     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    | Type high     | Type low(*)   |                               |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+             Value             |
    |                                                               |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |I|T| 6-bit val |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The high-order octet of the Type Field
   T bit =0  (transitive) when SDWAN edge sends to its RR which then
   propagates to remote peers based on outbound filters.

   RFC4760 states that Route Target community is transitive
   For SDWAN, an edge receiving the SDWAN Update shouldn't forward it
   to other nodes.
   T bit =1 (non-transitive) when RR propagates the UPDATE to SDWAN
   EDGE

   [IANA Consideration:

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      Following the encoding scheme specified by RFC7153, need IANA to
      assign the following values for the "Type High" Octet:
      - Transitive (when edge announce the advertisement to its RR):
        Ox0A, which is the number after 0x08 for Flow Spec Redirect.
      - Non Transitive (when RR send to remote edges): Ox4A

      Request a new value of the low- order octet of the Type field for
      this community (different from the VPN Route Target 0x02)?
   ]

4.3. SDWAN Segment Identifier in Data Plane

   From data plane perspective, packets from different SDWAN network
   instances (or segmentations) need to have their corresponding SDWAN
   instance identifier encoded in the header.

   For a SDWAN edge node which can be reached by both MPLS and IPsec
   path, the client packets reached by MPLS network will be encoded
   with the MPLS Labels based on the scheme specified by RFC8277.

   For GRE Encapsulation within IPsec tunnel, the GRE key field can be
   used to carry the SDWAN Instance ID. For NVO (VxLAN, GENEVE, etc.)
   encapsulation within the IPsec tunnel, Virtual Network Identifier
   (VNI) field is used to carry the SDWAN Instance ID.

   [Note: the SDWAN Instance ID is same as EVI in EVPN, or VNI if VxLAN
   is used].

5. Hybrid Underlay

5.1. SDWAN-Hybrid Tunnel Encoding

   A new Tunnel-Type=SDWAN-Hybrid (code point to be assigned by IANA)is
   introduced to indicate hybrid underlay networks.

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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Tunnel-Type(=SDWAN-Hybrid )   | Length (2 Octets)             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                             Value                             |
   |                                                               |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
           SDWAN Hybrid Underlay network Sub-TLV Value Field

   Since IPsec SA has a lot of attributes, such as public keys, nonce,
   encryption algorithms etc., the IPsec Tunnel Identifier [ID] can be
   used in the SDWAN-Hybrid Value field instead of listing all IPsec SA
   attributes. Using IPsec Tunnel ID can greatly reduce the size of BGP
   UPDATE messages. Another added benefit of using IPsec Tunnel ID is
   that the IPsec SA attributes, or rekeying process can be advertised
   independently.

   There are two Sub-TLVs to represent the IPsec IDs under the SDWAN-
   Hybrid tunnel type: IPsec-SA-ID and IPsec-SA-Group.

   Editor's note:  The IPSEC-SA-Group was designed to provide better
   scaling for multiple IPsec SA terminated at one endpoint. One end
   point can have multiple IPsec SAs, one SA can encrypt client data to
   CPE1 and another one for CPE2.

   IPsec-SA-ID Sub-TLV

    0                   1
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    IPsec SA Identifier        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   The IPsec SA identifier (2 Octet) is for cross reference the IPsec
   SA attributes being pre-configured or advertised by another UPDATE
   [Section 7].

   If the client traffic needs to be encapsulated in a specific type
   within the IPsec ESP Tunnel, such as GRE or VxLAN, etc., the
   corresponding Tunnel-Encap Sub-TLV needs to be appended right after
   the IPsec-SA-ID Sub-TLV.

   Editor Note: 4 octets can be considered as well for IPsec-SA-ID.

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   IPsec-SA-Group Sub-TLV:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |        InnerEncapType         |            Length             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  IPsec SA Identifier #1       |   IPsec SA Identifier #2      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   ~                               |IPsec SA Identifier #n         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                    IPsec-SA-Group Sub-TLV

   IPsec-SA-Group Sub-TLV is for the scenario that multiple IPsec SAs
   have the same inner encapsulation. Multiple IPsec SA IDs are
   included in the IPsec-ID-Group Sub-TLV. If different inner
   encapsulation is desired within IPsec tunnels, then multiple IPsec-
   SA-Group Sub-TLVs can be included within one Tunnel Encap Path
   Attribute.

   InnerEncapType (2 octet) indicates the encapsulation type for the
   payload within the IPsec ESP Tunnel. The Inner Encap Type value will
   take the value specified by the IANA Consideration Section (12.5) of
   [Tunnel-Encap]:

     - types 8 (VXLAN), 9 (NVGRE), 11 (MPLS-in-GRE), and 12 (VXLAN-
        GPE) in the "BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Tunnel Types" registry.
     - types 1 (L2TPv3), 2 (GRE), and 7 (IP in IP) in the "BGP Tunnel
        Encapsulation Tunnel Types" registry.

   For each of the Tunnel Types specified, the detailed encapsulation
   value field as specified by Section 3.2 of [Tunnel-Encap] is
   appended right after the IPsec Sub-TLV.

   The Tunnel Ending Point Sub-TLV specified by the Section 3.1 of
   [Tunnel-Encap] has to be attached to identify the IPsec Tunnel
   terminating address.
   There can be multiple IPsec tunnels terminating at one WAN port or
   at one node, e.g. one tunnel for going to destination "A", another
   one for going to destination "B". Use SDWAN for retail industry as
   an example, it is necessary for all shops at any location to only

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   exchange Payment System traffic with the Payment Gateway, while
   other traffic can be exchanged with any nodes.
   Therefore, there could be multiple IPsec Sub-TLVs bound with one
   Tunnel Ending Point Sub-TLV.

   However, it is quite common in SDWAN deployment that all IPsec
   attributes from one node or one port are the same for all
   destinations. In that case, IPsec SA ID is set to 0 and the
   terminating address can be used to cross reference the IPsec SA
   attributes which are advertised by the Underlay Network Property
   advertisement UPDATE.

5.2.  Encoding Example

5.2.1. Multiple IPsec SAs Sharing One Tunnel End Point

   The encoding example is for the following scenario:

     - there are three IPsec SAs terminating at the same WAN Port
        address (or the same node address)
     - Two of the IPsec SAs use GRE (value =2) as Inner Encapsulation
        within the IPsec Tunnel
     - One of the IPsec SA uses VxLAN (value = 8) as the Inner
        Encapsulation within its IPsec Tunnel.

   Here is the encoding for the scenario:

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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Tunnel-Type =SDWAN-Hybrid     |       Length =                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |            Tunnel-end-Point Sub-TLV                           |
   ~                                                               ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |IPsec-SA-group:InnerEncapType=2|       Length = 4              |
   +-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
   |  IPsec SA Identifier = 1      |    IPsec SA Identifier = 2    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                   GRE-KEY (4 Octets)                          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |IPsec-SA-ID:  =3               |        Reserved               |
   +-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
   ~                      VxLAN Sub-TLV                            ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  The Length of the Tunnel-Type = SDDWAN-Hybrid is the sum of the
  following:
  -  Tunnel-end-point sub-TLV total length
  -  the IPsec-SA-Group Sub-TLV length + 4 (the two octets for
     InnerEncapType + the two octets for the Length field)
  -  GRE-Key Length (4)
  -  The IPsec-SA-ID Sub-TLV length:   4
   -           The VxLAN sub-TLV total length

5.2.2. Multiple IPsec SAs with different Tunnel End Points

   If IPsec SAs are terminating at different addresses, then multiple Tunnel
   Encap Attributes have to be included.

   The encoding example for the Figure 1:

     - there is one IPsec SA terminating at the WAN Port address
        192.0.0.1; and another IPsec SA terminating at WAN Port
        170.0.0.1;
     - Both IPsec SAs use GRE (value =2) as Inner Encapsulation within
        the IPsec Tunnel

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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Tunnel-Type =SDWAN-Hybrid     |       Length =                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |            Tunnel-end-Point Sub-TLV                           |
   ~            for  192.0.0.1                                     ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  IPsec SA Identifier = 1      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   ~                   GRE Sub-TLV                                 ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   | Tunnel-Type =SDWAN-Hybrid     |       Length =                |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |            Tunnel-end-Point Sub-TLV                           |
   ~            for  170.0.0.1                                    ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  IPsec SA Identifier = 1      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   ~                   GRE sub-TLV                                 ~
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

6. Hybrid Underlay Detailed Attributes

6.1. SDWAN NLRI for Underlay Network Properties

   For the MPLS VPN, the underlay network is controlled by the VPN
   service provider, therefore, there is no need for nodes to advertise
   any underlay properties to remote peers.

   For the untrusted underlay network to which a SDWAN edge is
   connected, many attributes need to be advertised to remote nodes,
   such as:

        - ISP information of the underlay network,
        - NAT property
        - the geolocation of the SDWAN edge
        - IPsec SA attributes, such as public keys, nonce, supported
           encryption algorithms, etc.
        - the IPsec tunnel termination address

   A new SDWAN NLRI is specified within the MP_REACH_NLRI Path
   Attribute of RFC4760, with SAFI=SDWAN (code = 74):

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     +------------------+
     |   NLRI Length    | 1 octet
     +------------------+
     |   Site-Type      | 1 Octet
     +------------------+
     |   Port-Local-ID  | 4 octets
     +------------------+
     |  SDWAN-Color     | 4 octets
     +------------------+
     |  SDWAN-Node-ID   | 4 or 16 octets
     +------------------+

   where:

     - NLRI Length: 1 octet of length expressed in bits as defined in
       [RFC4760].
     - Site Type: 1 octet value. The SDWAN Site Type defines the
       different types of Site IDs to be used in the deployment. The
       draft defines the following types:
          Site-Type = 1: For simple deployment, such as all edge nodes
          under one SDWAN management system, a simple identifier is
          enough for the SDWAN management to map the site to its
          precise geolocation.
          Site-Type = 2: to indicate that the value in the site-ID is
          locally significant, therefore, need a Geo-Loc Sub-TLV to
          fully describe the accurate location of the node. This is for
          large SDWAN heterogeneous deployment where Site IDs has to be
          described by proper Geo-location of the Edge Nodes [LISP-
          GEOLoc].
     -            Port local ID: SDWAN edge node Port identifier, which can be
       locally significant. The detailed properties about the network
       connected to the port are further encoded in the Tunnel Path
       Attribute. If the SDWAN NLRI applies to multiple ports, this
       field is NULL.
     - SDWAN-Color: is used to correlate with the Color-Extended-
       community included in the client routes UPDATE. It can also
       represent some common properties shared by a set of SDWAN edge

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       nodes, such as the property of a specific geographic location
       shared by a group of SDWAN edge nodes.
     - SDWAN Edge Node ID: a routable address (IPv4 or IPv6) within the
       WAN to reach this node or port.

     [Editor's note on using SDWAN SAFI for the underlay network
     property advertisement:
          SDWAN SAFI [IANA assigned =74] is used instead of IP SAFI in
          the MP-NLRI [RFC4760] Path Attribute to advertise the
          underlay network properties to emphasize that the address in
          the NLRI is NOT client addresses.
          If the same IP SAFI used, receiver needs to add extra logic
          to differentiate regular BGP MP-NLRI client routes
          advertisement from the SDWAN underlay network properties
          advertisement. The benefit of using the same IP SAFI is that
          the UPDATE can traverse existing routers without being
          dropped. Since the SDWAN underlay network UPDATE is only
          between SDWAN edge and its corresponding RR, there won't be
          any intermediated routers. Therefore, this benefit becomes
          not applicable.
     ]

6.2. Extended Port Sub-TLV

   When a SDWAN edge node is connected to an underlay network via a
   port behind NAT devices, traditional IPsec uses IKE for NAT
   negotiation. The location of a NAT device can be such that:
     - Only the initiator is behind a NAT device. Multiple initiators
       can be behind separate NAT devices. Initiators can also connect
       to the responder through multiple NAT devices.
     - Only the responder is behind a NAT device.
     - Both the initiator and the responder are behind a NAT device.

   The initiator's address and/or responder's address can be
   dynamically assigned by an ISP or when their connection crosses a
   dynamic NAT device that allocates addresses from a dynamic address
   pool.

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   Because one SDWAN edge can connect to multiple peers via one
   underlay network, the pair-wise NAT exchange as IPsec's IKE is not
   efficient. In BGP Controlled SDWAN, NAT information of a WAN port is
   advertised to its RR in the BGP UPDATE message. It is encoded as an
   Extended sub-TLV that describes the NAT property if the port is
   behind a NAT device.

   A SDWAN edge node can inquire STUN (Session Traversal of UDP Through
   Network Address Translation RFC 3489) Server to get the NAT
   property, the public IP address and the Public Port number to pass
   to peers.

        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |Port Ext Type  |  EncapExt subTLV Length       |I|O|R|R|R|R|R|R|
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | NAT Type      |  Encap-Type   |Trans networkID|     RD ID     |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                  Local  IP Address                            |
                  32-bits for IPv4, 128-bits for Ipv6
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                  Local  Port                                  |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                Public IP                                      |
                  32-bits for IPv4, 128-bits for Ipv6
                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                Public Port                                    |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                ISP-Sub-TLV                                    |
       ~                                                               ~
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

     o Port Ext Type: indicate it is the Port Ext SubTLV.
     o PortExt subTLV Length: the length of the subTLV.
     o Flags:
          - I bit (CPE port address or Inner address scheme)

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             If set to 0, indicate the inner (private) address is IPv4.
             If set to 1, it indicates the inner address is IPv6.

          - O bit (Outer address scheme):
             If set to 0, indicate the public (outer) address is IPv4.
             If set to 1, it indicates the public (outer) address is
             IPv6.

          - R bits: reserved for future use. Must be set to 0 now.

     o NAT Type.without NAT; 1:1 static NAT; Full Cone; Restricted
        Cone; Port Restricted Cone; Symmetric; or Unknown (i.e. no
        response from the STUN server).
     o Encap Type.the supported encapsulation types for the port
        facing public network, such as IPsec+GRE, IPsec+VxLAN, IPsec
        without GRE, GRE (when packets don't need encryption)
     o Transport Network ID.Central Controller assign a global unique
        ID to each transport network.
     o RD ID.Routing Domain ID.need to be global unique.
     o Local IP.The local (or private) IP address of the port.
     o Local Port.used by Remote SDWAN edge node for establishing
        IPsec to this specific port.
     o Public IP.The IP address after the NAT. If NAT is not used,
        this field is set to NULL.
     o Public Port.The Port after the NAT. If NAT is not used, this
        field is set to NULL.

6.3. ISP of the Underlay network Sub-TLV

   The purpose of the Underlay network Sub-TLV is to carry the ISP WAN
   port properties with SDWAN SAFI NLRI. It would be treated as
   optional Sub-TLV. The BGP originator decides whether to include this
   Sub-TLV along with the SDWAN NLRI. If this Sub-TLV is present, it
   would be processed by the BGP receiver and to determine what local
   policies to apply for the remote end point of the Underlay tunnel.

   The format of this Sub-TLV is as follows:

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        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |      Type     |      Length   |      Flag     |    Reserved   |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |Connection Type|   Port Type   |        Port Speed             |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

Where:

      Type: To be assigned by IANA

      Length: 6 bytes.

      Flag: a 1 octet value.

      Reserved: 1 octet of reserved bits. It SHOULD be set to zero on
      transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

      Connection Type: There are two different types of WAN
      Connectivity. They are listed below as:

      Wired - 1
      WIFI - 2
      LTE - 3
      5G  - 4

      Port Type: There are different types of ports. They are listed
      Below as:

      Ethernet  - 1
      Fiber Cable - 2
      Coax Cable - 3
      Cellular - 4

      Port Speed: The port seed is defined as 2 octet value. The values
      are defined as Gigabit speed.

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7. IPsec Security Association Property Sub-TLVs

7.1. Controller Facilitated IPsec Tunnels for SDWAN Networks

   IPsec is a common technique used to encrypt traffic traversing
   untrusted networks. IPSec operation between two peer nodes need to
   perform Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2), which can be broken down into
   the following steps:

     - IKE_SA_INIT exchanges: This pair of messages negotiate
        cryptographic algorithms, exchange nonces, and do a Diffie-
        Hellman exchange.

     - IKE_AUTH: this pair of messages authenticate the previous
        messages, exchange identities and certificates, and establish
        the first Child SA. Based on the authentication used: Pre-
        Shared Key, RSA certificates or EAP the number of messages
        exchanged in IKE_AUTH can grow.

     - CREATE_CHILD_SA - This is simply used to create additional
        CHILD-SAs as needed

     - INFORMATIONAL- During an IKEv2 SA lifetime, peers may desire to
        exchange some control messages related to errors or have
        notifications of certain events. This function is accomplished
        by INFORMATIONAL exchange.

   In SDWAN environment, each SDWAN edge node might need to establish
   IPsec tunnels to multiple peers, and there can be multiple IPsec
   tunnels for different client traffic between any two peers. In
   addition, SDWAN edge nodes can be far apart. Upon powering up, a
   SDWAN edge might not know their authorized communication peers and
   might not have the policies configured for aligning traffic with
   their specific IPsec Tunnels. Therefore, the IPsec operation in
   SDWAN environment are usually facilitated by its SDWAN Controller.

   [SDN-IPsec] describes two different mechanisms to achieve controller
   facilitated IPsec configuration: IKE case vs. IKE-less case. Under
   the IKE case, the Controller is in charge of provisioning the
   required information to IKE, the Security Policy Database (SPD) and
   the Security Association Database (PAD). The SDWAN peers exchange
   the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol and manage SPD and SAD.
   Under the IKE-less case, the Controller will provide the required
   parameters to create valid entries in the SPD and the SAD into the
   edge nodes. Therefore, the edge node will only need to

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   implementation IPsec encryption while automated key management
   functionality is moved to the Controller.

   For BGP controlled SDWAN networks, since there is already a secure
   management tunnel established between RR and the edge nodes, all the
   negotiations exchanged in IKEv2 can be carried by BGP UPDATE
   messages to/from the Route Reflector (RR). RR will propagate the
   information to the intended destinations. More importantly, when an
   edge node needs to establish multiple IPsec tunnels to many
   different SDWAN edge nodes, all the management information can be
   multiplexed into the secure management tunnel between RR and the
   edge node. Therefore, there is reduced amount of work on
   authentication in processing in BGP Controlled SDWAN networks.

     Editor's Note:

         RFC7296 specifies the IPsec SA attributes exchange among two
         peers to establish peer-wise IPsec SA. [Controller-IKE]
         specifies the structure for a controller to facilitate the
         exchange of the RFC7296 specified IPsec SA attributes among
         many nodes.

         [CONTROLLER-IKE] specifies the Device Information Message
         (DIM) for the edge node to advertise to its controller, which
         includes DH public number, nonce, peer identity, an indication
         whether this is the initial distributed policy, and rekey
         counter.  The originating edge node distributes the DH public
         value along with the other values in the DIM (using IPsec
         Tunnel TLV in Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute) to other remote
         C-PEs via the RR. Each receiving C-PE uses this DH public
         number and the corresponding nonce in creation of IPsec SA
         pair to the originating C-PE - i.e., an outbound SA and an
         inbound SA. The detail procedures are described in section 5.2
         of [CONTROLLER-IKE].

         [SECURE-VPN] proposes the BGP UPDATE Sub-TLV structure to
         carry the information specified by [Controller-IKE] to be
         propagated among peers via BGP.

         To expedite the standardization process, this draft aligns
         with the IPsec Sub-TLVs described in the Section 6.1, 6.2 and
         6.3 of [SECURE-EVPN], with some optimization.

         For scalability reason, this draft advertises the IPSec SA
         related attributes at a different pace than client routes
         UPDATEs. Client Routes UPDATE only references the identifier
         for the prior established IPsec SAs.

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     The optimized IPsec SA attributes are represented by a set of Sub-
     TLVs:

       - IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV
       - IPsec SA Public Key Sub- TLV
       - IPsec SA Proposal Sub-TLV: to indicate the number of
          Transform Sub-TLVs
            o Transforms Substructure Sub-TLV

     For BGP controlled SDWAN network, very often an edge node doesn't
     know its peer identity. Then the peer identity field can be null.

7.2. IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV

   The Nonce Sub-TLV is based on the Base DIM sub-TLV as described the
   Section 6.1 of [SECURE-EVPN]. IPsec SA ID is added to the sub-TLV,
   which is to be referenced by the client route NLRI Tunnel Encap Path
   Attribute for the IPsec SA.  The following fields are removed
   because:

        - the Originator ID is carried by the NLRI,
        - the Tenant ID is represented by the Route Target Extended
           Community, and
        - the Subnet ID are carried by the BGP route UPDATE.

    The format of this Sub-TLV is as follows:

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        0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |   ID Length   |       Nonce Length            |I|   Flags     |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                             Rekey                             |
       |                            Counter                            |
       +---------------------------------------------------------------+
       |      IPsec SA ID              |        Reserved               |
       +---------------------------------------------------------------+
       |                                                               |
       ~                          Nonce Data                           ~
       |                                                               |
       +---------------------------------------------------------------+

   IPsec SA ID - The 2 bytes IPSec SA ID could 0 or non-zero values. It
   is cross referenced by client route's IPSec Tunnel Encap IPSec-SA-ID
   or IPSec-SA-Group Sub-TLV in Section 5. When there are multiple
   IPsec SAs terminated at one address, such as WAN port address or the
   node address, they are differentiated by the different IPsec SA IDs.

7.3. IPsec Public Key Sub-TLV

   The IPsec Public Key Sub-TLV is derived from the Key Exchange Sub-
   TLV described in [SECURE-EVPN] with an addition of Duration filed to
   define the IPSec SA life span. The edge nodes would pick the
   shortest duration value between the SDWAN SAFI pairs.

   The format of this Sub-TLV is as follows:

        0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |   Diffie-Hellman Group Num    |          Reserved             |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                                                               |
       ~                       Key Exchange Data                       ~
       |                                                               |
       +---------------------------------------------------------------+
       |                            Duration                           |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

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7.4. IPsec SA Proposal Sub-TLV

   The IPsec SA Proposal Sub-TLV is to indicate the number of Transform
   Sub-TLVs. This Sub-TLV aligns with the sub-TLV structure from
   [SECURE-VPN]

   The Transform Sub-sub-TLV will following the section 3.3.2 of
   RFC7296.

7.5. Simplified IPsec Security Association sub-TLV

     For a simple SDWAN network with edge nodes supporting only a few
     pre-defined encryption algorithms, a simple IPsec sub-TLV can be
     used to encode the pre-defined algorithms, as below:

        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |IPsec-simType  |IPsecSA Length                 | Flag          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | Transform     | Mode          | AH algorithms |ESP algorithms |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |         ReKey Counter (SPI)                                   |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | key1 length   |         Public Key                            ~
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | key2 length   |         Nonce                                 ~
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |        Duration                                               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Where:

     o IPsec-SimType: The type value has to be between 128~255 because
        IPsec-SA subTLV needs 2 bytes for length to carry the needed
        information.
     o IPsec-SA subTLV Length (2 Byte): 25 (or more)
     o Flags: 1 octet of flags. None are defined at this stage. Flags
        SHOULD be set to zero on transmission and MUST be ignored on
        receipt.
     o Transform (1 Byte):  the value can be AH, ESP, or AH+ESP.

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     o IPsec Mode (1 byte): the value can be Tunnel Mode or Transport
        mode
     o AH algorithms (1 byte): AH authentication algorithms supported,
        which can be md5 | sha1 | sha2-256 | sha2-384 | sha2-512 | sm3.
        Each SDWAN edge node can have multiple authentication.
        algorithms; send to its peers to negotiate the strongest one.
     o ESP (1 byte): ESP authentication algorithms supported, which
        can be md5 | sha1 | sha2-256 | sha2-384 | sha2-512 | sm3. Each
        SDWAN edge node can have multiple authentication algorithms;
        send to its peers to negotiate the strongest one. Default
        algorithm is AES-256.
          o When node supports multiple authentication algorithms, the
             initial UPDATE needs to include the "Transform Sub-TLV"
             described by [SECURE-EVPN] to describe all of the
             algorithms supported by the node.

     o Rekey Counter (Security Parameter Index)): 4 bytes
     o Public Key: IPsec public key
     o Nonce.IPsec Nonce
     o Duration: SA life span.

7.6. IPsec SA Encoding Examples

   For the Figure 1 in Section 3, C-PE2 needs to advertise its IPsec SA
   associated attributes, such as the public keys, the nonce, the
   supported encryption algorithms for the IPsec tunnels terminated at
   192.0.0.1, 170.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 respectively.

   Using the IPsec Tunnel [ISP4: 160.0.0.1 <-> ISP2:170.0.0.1] as an
   example: C-PE1 needs to advertise the following attributes for
   establishing the IPsec SA:
     SDWAN Node ID
     SDWAN Color
     Tunnel Encap Attr (Type=SDWAN-Hybrid)
          Extended Port Sub-TLV for information about the Port
          (including ISP Sub-TLV for information about the ISP2)
          IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Public Key Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Sub-TLV for the supported transforms

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               {Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 2,
               Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 3}

   C-PE2 needs to advertise the following attributes for establishing
   IPsec SA:
     SDWAN Node ID
     SDWAN Color
     Tunnel Encap Attr (Type=SDWAN-Hybrid)
          Extended Port Sub-TLV (including ISP Sub-TLV for information
          about the ISP2)
          IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Public Key Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Sub-TLV for the supported transforms
               {Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 2,
               Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 4}

   As both end points support Transform #2, the Transform #2 will be
   used for the IPsec Tunnel [ISP4: 160.0.0.1 <-> ISP2:170.0.0.1].

8. Error & Mismatch Handling

   Each C-PE device advertises SDWAN SAFI Underlay NLRI to the other C-
   PE devices via BGP Route Reflector to establish pairwise SAs between
   itself and every other remote C-PEs. During the SAFI NLRI
   advertisement, the BGP originator would include either simple IPSec
   Security Association properties defined in IPSec SA Sub-TLV based on
   IPSec-SA-Type = 1 or full-set of IPSec Sub-TLVs including Nonce,
   Public Key, Proposal and number of Transform Sub-TLVs based on
   IPSec-SA-Type = 2.

   The C-PE devices would compare the IPSec SA attributes between the
   local and remote WAN ports. If there is a match on the SA Attributes
   between the two ports, the IPSec Tunnel would be established.

   The C-PE devices would not try to negotiate the base IPSec-SA
   parameters between the local and the remote ports in the case of
   simple IPSec SA exchange or the Transform sets between local and
   remote ports if there is a mismatch on the Transform sets in the
   case of full-set of IPSec SA Sub-TLVs.

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   As an example, using the Figure 1 in Section 3, to establish IPsec
   Tunnel between C-PE1 and C-PE2 WAN Ports A2 and B2 [A2: 192.10.0.10
   <-> B2:192.0.0.1]:

   C-PE1 needs to advertise the following attributes for establishing
   the IPsec SA:
     NH: 192.10.0.10
     SDWAN Node ID
     SDWAN-Site-ID
     Tunnel Encap Attr (Type=SDWAN)
          ISP Sub-TLV for information about the ISP3
          IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Public Key Sub-TLV,
          Proposal Sub-TLV with Num Transforms = 1
               {Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 1}

   C-PE2 needs to advertise the following attributes for establishing
   IPsec SA:
     NH: 192.0.0.1
     SDWAN Node ID
     SDWAN-Site-ID
     Tunnel Encap Attr (Type=SDWAN)
          ISP Sub-TLV for information about the ISP1
          IPsec SA Nonce Sub-TLV,
          IPsec SA Public Key Sub-TLV,
          Proposal Sub-TLV with Num Transforms = 1
               {Transforms Sub-TLV - Trans 2}

   As there is no matching transform between the WAN ports A2 and B2 in
   C-PE1 and C-PE2 respectively, there will be no IPsec Tunnel be
   established.

9. Manageability Considerations

      TBD - this needs to be filled out before publishing

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10. Security Considerations

     The document describes the encoding for SDWAN edge nodes to
     advertise its properties to their peers to its RR, which
     propagates to the intended peers via untrusted networks.

     The secure propagation is achieved by secure channels, such as
     TLS, SSL, or IPsec, between the SDWAN edge nodes and the local
     controller RR.

    [More details need to be filled in here]

11. IANA Considerations

   This document requires the following IANA actions.

       o SDWAN Overlay SAFI = 74 assigned by IANA
       o SDWAN Route Type

12. References

12.1. Normative References

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
             Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

12.2. Informative References

   [RFC8192] S. Hares, et al, "Interface to Network Security Functions
             (I2NSF) Problem Statement and Use Cases", July 2017

   [RFC5521] P. Mohapatra, E. Rosen, "The BGP Encapsulation Subsequent
             Address Family Identifier (SAFI) and the BGP Tunnel
             Encapsulation Attribute", April 2009.

   [CONTROLLER-IKE] D. Carrel, et al, "IPsec Key Exchange using a
             Controller", draft-carrel-ipsecme-controller-ike-01, work-
             in-progress.

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   [LISP-GEOLOC] D. Farinacci, "LISP Geo-Coordinate Use-Case", draft-
             farinacci-lisp-geo-09, April 2020.

   [SDN-IPSEC] R. Lopez, G. Millan, "SDN-based IPsec Flow Protection",
             draft-ietf-i2nsf-sdn-ipsec-flow-protection-07, Aug 2019.

   [SECURE-EVPN] A. Sajassi, et al, "Secure EVPN", draft-sajassi-bess-
             secure-evpn-02, July 2019.

   [Tunnel-Encap]E. Rosen, et al, "The BGP Tunnel Encapsulation
             Attribute", draft-ietf-idr-tunnel-encaps-09, Feb 2018.

   [VPN-over-Internet] E. Rosen, "Provide Secure Layer L3VPNs over
             Public Infrastructure", draft-rosen-bess-secure-l3vpn-00,
             work-in-progress, July 2018

   [DMVPN] Dynamic Multi-point VPN:
             https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/security/dynamic-
             multipoint-vpn-dmvpn/index.html

   [DSVPN] Dynamic Smart VPN:
             http://forum.huawei.com/enterprise/en/thread-390771-1-
             1.html

   [ITU-T-X1036] ITU-T Recommendation X.1036, "Framework for creation,
             storage, distribution and enforcement of policies for
             network security", Nov 2007.

   [Net2Cloud-Problem] L. Dunbar and A. Malis, "Seamless Interconnect
             Underlay to Cloud Overlay Problem Statement", draft-dm-
             net2cloud-problem-statement-02, June 2018

   [Net2Cloud-gap] L. Dunbar, A. Malis, and C. Jacquenet, "Gap Analysis
             of Interconnecting Underlay with Cloud Overlay", draft-dm-
             net2cloud-gap-analysis-02, work-in-progress, Aug 2018.

   [Tunnel-Encap] E. Rosen, et al "The BGP Tunnel Encapsulation
             Attribute", draft-ietf-idr-tunnel-encaps-10, Aug 2018.

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13. Acknowledgments

   Acknowledgements to Wang Haibo, Hao Weiguo, and ShengCheng for
   implementation contribution; Many thanks to Jim Guichard, John
   Scudder, and Donald Eastlake for their review and contributions.

   This document was prepared using 2-Word-v2.0.template.dot.

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Authors' Addresses

   Linda Dunbar
   Futurewei
   Email: ldunbar@futurewei.com

   Sue Hares
   Hickory Hill Consulting
   Email: shares@ndzh.com

   Robert Raszuk
   Email: robert@raszuk.net

   Kausik Majumdar
   CommScope
   Email: Kausik.Majumdar@commscope.com

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