Skip to main content

RADIUS Extensions for Encrypted DNS
draft-boucadair-opsawg-add-encrypted-dns-03

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
Authors Mohamed Boucadair , Tirumaleswar Reddy.K
Last updated 2021-06-21
Replaced by draft-ietf-opsawg-add-encrypted-dns, draft-ietf-opsawg-add-encrypted-dns, RFC 9445
RFC stream (None)
Formats
Additional resources
Stream Stream state (No stream defined)
Consensus boilerplate Unknown
RFC Editor Note (None)
IESG IESG state I-D Exists
Telechat date (None)
Responsible AD (None)
Send notices to (None)
draft-boucadair-opsawg-add-encrypted-dns-03
opsawg                                                      M. Boucadair
Internet-Draft                                                    Orange
Intended status: Standards Track                                T. Reddy
Expires: December 23, 2021                                        McAfee
                                                           June 21, 2021

                  RADIUS Extensions for Encrypted DNS
              draft-boucadair-opsawg-add-encrypted-dns-03

Abstract

   This document specifies new Remote Authentication Dial-In User
   Service (RADIUS) attributes that carry an authentication domain name,
   a list of IP addresses, and a set of service parameters of encrypted
   DNS resolvers.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 23, 2021.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 1]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   3.  Encrypted DNS RADIUS Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     3.1.  IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     3.2.  IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     3.3.  RADIUS TLVs for Encrypted DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       3.3.1.  Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       3.3.2.  Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address TLV  . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       3.3.3.  Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address TLV  . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       3.3.4.  Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   4.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   5.  Table of Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     6.1.  New RADIUS Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     6.2.  New RADIUS TLVs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   7.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14

1.  Introduction

   In the context of broadband services, ISPs traditionally provide DNS
   resolvers to their customers.  To that aim, ISPs deploy dedicated
   mechanisms to advertise a list of DNS Recursive DNS server(s) to
   their customers (e.g., DHCP, IPv6 Router Advertisement).  The
   information used to populate DHCP messages and/or IPv6 Router
   Advertisements relies upon specific Remote Authentication Dial-In
   User Service (RADIUS) [RFC2865] attributes such as the DNS-Server-
   IPv6-Address Attribute specified in [RFC6911].

   With the advent of Encrypted DNS (e.g., DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH)
   [RFC8484], DNS-over-TLS (DoT) [RFC7858], or DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ)
   [I-D.ietf-dprive-dnsoquic]), additional means are required to
   provision hosts with network-designated Encrypted DNS.  To fill that
   void, [I-D.ietf-add-dnr] leverages existing protocols such as DHCP
   and IPv6 Router Advertisement to provide hosts with the required
   information to connect to an Encrypted DNS server.  However, there
   are no RADIUS attributes that can be used to populate the discovery
   messages discussed in [I-D.ietf-add-dnr].

   This document specifies two new RADIUS attributes: IPv6-Encrypted-DNS
   (Section 3.1) and IPv4-Encrypted-DNS (Section 3.2) Attributes.  Note
   that two attributes are specified in order to accommodate both IPv4

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 2]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   and IPv6 deployment contexts while taking into account the
   constraints in Section 3.4 of [RFC6158].

   Typical deployment scenarios are similar to those described, for
   instance, in Section 2 of [RFC6911].  Some of these deployments may
   rely upon the mechanisms defined in [RFC4014] or [RFC7037], which
   allows a Network Access Server (NAS) to pass attributes obtained from
   a RADIUS server to a DHCP server.  For illustration purposes,
   Figure 1 shows an example where a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)
   is provided with an Encrypted DNS server.  This example assumes that
   the NAS embeds both RADIUS client and DHCPv6 server capabilities.

   +-------------+           +-------------+             +-------+
   |     CPE     |           |     NAS     |             |  AAA  |
   |DHCPv6 client|           |DHCPv6 server|             |Server |
   +------+------+           +------+------+             +---+---+
          |                         |                        |
          o-----DHCPv6 Solicit----->|                        |
          |                         o----Access-Request ---->|
          |                         |                        |
          |                         |<----Access-Accept------o
          |                         |  IPv6-Encrypted-DNS    |
          |<--DHCPv6 Advertisement--o                        |
          |     (OPTION_V6_DNR)     |                        |
          |                         |                        |
          o-----DHCPv6 Request----->|                        |
          |                         |                        |
          |<------DHCPv6 Reply------o                        |
          |     (OPTION_V6_DNR)     |                        |
          |                         |                        |

                   DHCPv6                     RADIUS

              Figure 1: Example of RADIUS IPv6 Encrypted DNS

   Upon receipt of the DHCPv6 Solicit message from a CPE, the NAS sends
   a RADIUS Access-Request message to the AAA server.  Once the AAA
   server receives the request, it replies with an Access-Accept message
   (possibly after having sent a RADIUS Access-Challenge message and
   assuming the CPE is entitled to connect to the network) that carries
   a list of parameters to be used for this session, and which include
   the Encrypted DNS information.  The content of the IPv6-Encrypted-DNS
   Attribute is then used by the NAS to complete the DHCPv6 procedure
   that the CPE initiated to retrieve information about the encrypted
   DNS service to use.  The procedure defined in [I-D.ietf-add-dnr] is
   thus followed between the DHCPv6 client and the DHCPv6 server.  The
   same procedure is followed between the DHCPv6 client on endpoints
   serviced by the CPE and the DHCPv6 server on CPE.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 3]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   Upon change of the any Encrypted DNS-related information (e.g., ADN,
   IPv6 address), the RADIUS server sends a RADIUS CoA message [RFC5176]
   that carries the RADIUS IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attributed to the NAS.
   Once that message is accepted by the NAS, it replies with a RADIUS
   CoA ACK message.  The NAS replaces the old Encrypted DNS server
   information with the new one and sends a DHCPv6 Reconfigure message
   to cause the DHCPv6 client to initiate a Renew/Reply message exchange
   with the DHCPv6 server.

   Figure 2 shows another example where a CPE is provided an Encrypted
   DNS server, but the CPE uses DHCPv4 to retrieve its encrypted DNS
   server.

   +-------------+           +-------------+             +-------+
   |     CPE     |           |     NAS     |             |  AAA  |
   |DHCPv4 client|           |DHCPv4 server|             |Server |
   +------+------+           +------+------+             +---+---+
          |                         |                        |
          o------DHCPDISCOVER------>|                        |
          |                         o----Access-Request ---->|
          |                         |                        |
          |                         |<----Access-Accept------o
          |                         |  IPv4-Encrypted-DNS    |
          |<-----DHCPOFFER----------o                        |
          |     (OPTION_V4_DNR)     |                        |
          |                         |                        |
          o-----DHCPREQUEST-------->|                        |
          |     (OPTION_V4_DNR)     |                        |
          |                         |                        |
          |<-------DHCPACK----------o                        |
          |     (OPTION_V4_DNR)     |                        |
          |                         |                        |

                  DHCPv4                      RADIUS

              Figure 2: Example of RADIUS IPv4 Encrypted DNS

   Other deployment scenarios can be envisaged such as returning
   customized service parameters (e.g., different DoH URI) as a function
   of the service/policies/preferences that are set by a home network
   admin.  How an admin indicates its service/policies/preferences to an
   AAA server is out of scope.

   This document adheres to [RFC8044] for defining the new attributes.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 4]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119][RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

   This document makes use of the terms defined in [RFC8499].  The
   following additional terms are used:

   Encrypted DNS:  refers to a scheme where DNS exchanges are
      transported over an encrypted channel.  Examples of encrypted DNS
      are DNS-over-TLS (DoT) [RFC7858], DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) [RFC8484],
      or DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) [I-D.ietf-dprive-dnsoquic].

   *-Encrypted-DNS:  refers to IPv6-Encrypted-DNS and IPv4-Encrypted-DNS
      Attributes.

   Encrypted-DNS-*:  refers to any of these attributes: Encrypted-DNS-
      ADN, Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address, Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address, and
      Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams.

3.  Encrypted DNS RADIUS Attributes

   Both IPv6-Encrypted-DNS and IPv4-Encrypted-DNS have the same format
   shown in Figure 3.  The description of the fields is provided in
   Sections 3.1 and 3.2.

   These attributes and their embedded TLVs (Section 3.3) are defined
   with globally unique names and follow the guidelines in Section 2.7.1
   of [RFC6929].

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |      Type     |     Length    | Extended-Type |    Value ...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

       Figure 3: Format of IPv6-Encrypted-DNS and IPv4-Encrypted-DNS
                                Attributes

   The value field of *-Encrypted-DNS and Encrypted-DNS-* Attributes is
   encoded in clear and not encrypted as, for example, Tunnel-Password
   Attribute [RFC2868].

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 5]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

3.1.  IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute

   This attribute is of type "tlv" as defined in Section 2.3 of
   [RFC6929].

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute includes the authentication domain
   name, a list of IPv6 addresses, and a set of service parameters of an
   encrypted DNS resolver [I-D.ietf-add-dnr].

   Because multiple IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attributes may be provisioned to
   a requesting host, multiple instances of the IPv6-Encrypted-DNS
   attribute MAY be included; each instance of the attribute carries a
   distinct Encrypted DNS server.

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS Access-Accept
   packet.  It MAY also appear in a RADIUS Access-Request packet as a
   hint to the RADIUS server to indicate a preference.  However, the
   server is not required to honor such a preference.

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS CoA-Request
   packet.

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS Accounting-
   Request packet.

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MUST NOT appear in any other RADIUS
   packet.

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute is structured as follows:

   Type

      241

   Length

      This field indicates the total length, in octets, of all fields of
      this attribute, including the Type, Length, Extended-Type, and the
      entire length of the embedded TLVs.

   Extended-Type

      TBA1 (see Section 6.1).

   Value

      This field contains a set of TLVs as follows:

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 6]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

      Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV:  The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MUST
         include exactly one instance of Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV
         (Section 3.3.1).

      Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address TLV:  The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute
         MUST include one or multiple instances of Encrypted-DNS-
         IPv6-Address TLV (Section 3.3.2).

      Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV:  The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute
         SHOULD include one instance of Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV
         (Section 3.3.4).

   The IPv6-Encrypted-DNS Attribute is associated with the following
   identifier: 241.TBA1.

3.2.  IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute

   This attribute is of type "tlv" as defined in Section 2.3 of
   [RFC6929].

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute includes the authentication domain
   name, a list of IPv4 addresses, and a set of service parameters of an
   encrypted DNS resolver [I-D.ietf-add-dnr].

   Because multiple IPv4-Encrypted-DNS attributes may be provisioned to
   a requesting host, multiple instances of the IPv4-Encrypted-DNS
   attribute MAY be included; each instance of the attribute carries a
   distinct Encrypted DNS server.

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS Access-Accept
   packet.  It MAY also appear in a RADIUS Access-Request packet as a
   hint to the RADIUS server to indicate a preference.  However, the
   server is not required to honor such a preference.

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS CoA-Request
   packet.

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MAY appear in a RADIUS Accounting-
   Request packet.

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MUST NOT appear in any other RADIUS
   packet.

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute is structured as follows:

   Type

      241

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 7]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   Length

      This field indicates the total length, in octets, of all fields of
      this attribute, including the Type, Length, Extended-Type, and the
      entire length of the embedded TLVs.

   Extended-Type

      TBA2 (see Section 6.1).

   Value

      This field contains a set of TLVs as follows:

      Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV:  The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute MUST
         include exactly one instance of Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV
         (Section 3.3.1).

      Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address TLV:  The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute
         MUST include one or multiple instances of Encrypted-DNS-
         IPv4-Address TLV (Section 3.3.3).

      Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV:  The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute
         SHOULD include one instance of Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV
         (Section 3.3.4).

   The IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute is associated with the following
   identifier: 241.TBA2.

3.3.  RADIUS TLVs for Encrypted DNS

   The TLVs defined in the following subsections use the format defined
   in [RFC6929].  These TLVs have the same name and number when
   encapsulated in any of the parent attributes defined in Sections 3.1
   and 3.2.

   The encoding of the "Value" field of these TLVs follows the
   recommendation of [RFC6158].

3.3.1.  Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV

   TLV-Type

      TBA3 (see Section 6.2).

   TLV-Length

      Length of included ADN + 2 octets.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 8]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   Data Type

      The Encrypted-DNS-ADN TLV is of type text (Section 3.4 of
      [RFC8044]).

   TLV-Value

      This field includes a fully qualified domain name of the Encrypted
      DNS server.  This field is formatted as specified in Section 10 of
      [RFC8415].

   This TLV is identified as 241.TBA1.TBA3 when included in the IPv6-
   Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.1) and as 241.TBA2.TBA3 when
   included in the IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.2).

3.3.2.  Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address TLV

   TLV-Type

      TBA4 (see Section 6.2).

   TLV-Length

      18

   Data Type

      The Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address TLV is of type ip6addr (Section 3.9
      of [RFC8044]).

   TLV-Value

      This field includes an IPv6 address (128 bits) of the Encrypted
      DNS server.

      The Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address attribute MUST NOT include
      multicast and host loopback addresses [RFC6890].

   This TLV is identified as 241.TBA1.TBA4 as part of the IPv6-
   Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.1).

3.3.3.  Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address TLV

   TLV-Type

      TBA5 (see Section 6.2).

   TLV-Length

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021               [Page 9]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

      6

   Data Type

      The Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address TLV is of type ip4addr (Section 3.8
      of [RFC8044]).

   TLV-Value

      This field includes an IPv4 address (32 bits) of the Encrypted DNS
      server.

      The Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address attribute MUST NOT include
      multicast and host loopback addresses.

   This TLV is identified as 241.TBA1.TBA5 as part of the IPv4-
   Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.2).

3.3.4.  Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV

   TLV-Type

      TBA6 (see Section 6.2).

   TLV-Length

      Length of included service parameters + 2 octets.

   Data Type

      The Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams TLV is of type string (Section 3.5 of
      [RFC8044]).

   TLV-Value

      Specifies a set of service parameters that are encoded following
      the rules in [I-D.ietf-dnsop-svcb-https].  Service parameters may
      include, for example, a list of ALPN protocol identifiers or
      alternate port numbers.

      The service parameters MUST NOT include "ipv4hint" or "ipv6hint"
      SvcParams as they are superseded by the included IP addresses.

   This TLV is identified as 241.TBA1.TBA6 when included in the IPv6-
   Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.1) and as 241.TBA2.TBA6 when
   included in the IPv4-Encrypted-DNS Attribute (Section 3.2).

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 10]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

4.  Security Considerations

   RADIUS-related security considerations are discussed in [RFC2865].

   This document targets deployments where a trusted relationship is in
   place between the RADIUS client and server with communication
   optionally secured by IPsec or Transport Layer Security (TLS)
   [RFC6614].

   Security considerations (including traffic theft) are discussed in
   [I-D.ietf-add-dnr].

5.  Table of Attributes

   The following table provides a guide as what type of RADIUS packets
   that may contain these attributes, and in what quantity.

   Access- Access- Access-  Challenge Acct. # Attribute
   Request Accept  Reject             Request
    0+      0+      0        0         0+      TBA1 IPv6-Encrypted-DNS
    0+      0+      0        0         0+      TBA2 IPv4-Encrypted-DNS

   CoA-Request CoA-ACK CoA-NACK #   Attribute
     0+          0       0      TBA1 IPv6-Encrypted-DNS
     0+          0       0      TBA1 IPv4-Encrypted-DNS

   The following table defines the meaning of the above table entries:

   0  This attribute MUST NOT be present in packet.
   0+ Zero or more instances of this attribute MAY be present in packet.

6.  IANA Considerations

6.1.  New RADIUS Attributes

   IANA is requested to assign two new RADIUS attribute types from the
   IANA registry "Radius Attribute Types" located at
   http://www.iana.org/assignments/radius-types:

      IPv6-Encrypted-DNS (241.TBA1)

      IPv4-Encrypted-DNS (241.TBA2)

      Type      Description          Data Type   Reference
      --------  ------------------   ---------   -------------
      241.TBA1  IPv6-Encrypted-DNS   tlv         This-Document
      241.TBA2  IPv4-Encrypted-DNS   tlv         This-Document

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 11]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

6.2.  New RADIUS TLVs

   IANA is requested to create a new registry called "RADIUS Encrypted
   DNS TLVs".  The registry is initially populated as follows:

   Value    Description                  Data Type    Reference
   -----    -------------------------    ---------    -------------
     0      Reserved
     1      Encrypted-DNS-ADN            text         Section 3.3.1
     2      Encrypted-DNS-IPv6-Address   ipv6addr     Section 3.3.2
     3      Encrypted-DNS-IPv4-Address   ipv4addr     Section 3.3.3
     4      Encrypted-DNS-SvcParams      string       Section 3.3.4
     5-255  Unassigned

7.  Acknowledgements

   Thanks to Christian Jacquenet, Neil Cook, and Alan Dekok for the
   review and suggestions.

   Thanks to Ben Schwartz for the comment.

8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-add-dnr]
              Boucadair, M., Reddy, T., Wing, D., Cook, N., and T.
              Jensen, "DHCP and Router Advertisement Options for the
              Discovery of Network-designated Resolvers (DNR)", draft-
              ietf-add-dnr-00 (work in progress), February 2021.

   [I-D.ietf-dnsop-svcb-https]
              Schwartz, B., Bishop, M., and E. Nygren, "Service binding
              and parameter specification via the DNS (DNS SVCB and
              HTTPS RRs)", draft-ietf-dnsop-svcb-https-05 (work in
              progress), April 2021.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC2865]  Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
              "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)",
              RFC 2865, DOI 10.17487/RFC2865, June 2000,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2865>.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 12]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   [RFC6158]  DeKok, A., Ed. and G. Weber, "RADIUS Design Guidelines",
              BCP 158, RFC 6158, DOI 10.17487/RFC6158, March 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6158>.

   [RFC6890]  Cotton, M., Vegoda, L., Bonica, R., Ed., and B. Haberman,
              "Special-Purpose IP Address Registries", BCP 153,
              RFC 6890, DOI 10.17487/RFC6890, April 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6890>.

   [RFC6929]  DeKok, A. and A. Lior, "Remote Authentication Dial In User
              Service (RADIUS) Protocol Extensions", RFC 6929,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6929, April 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6929>.

   [RFC8044]  DeKok, A., "Data Types in RADIUS", RFC 8044,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8044, January 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8044>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8415]  Mrugalski, T., Siodelski, M., Volz, B., Yourtchenko, A.,
              Richardson, M., Jiang, S., Lemon, T., and T. Winters,
              "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)",
              RFC 8415, DOI 10.17487/RFC8415, November 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8415>.

8.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-dprive-dnsoquic]
              Huitema, C., Mankin, A., and S. Dickinson, "Specification
              of DNS over Dedicated QUIC Connections", draft-ietf-
              dprive-dnsoquic-02 (work in progress), February 2021.

   [RFC2131]  Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol",
              RFC 2131, DOI 10.17487/RFC2131, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2131>.

   [RFC2868]  Zorn, G., Leifer, D., Rubens, A., Shriver, J., Holdrege,
              M., and I. Goyret, "RADIUS Attributes for Tunnel Protocol
              Support", RFC 2868, DOI 10.17487/RFC2868, June 2000,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2868>.

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 13]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   [RFC4014]  Droms, R. and J. Schnizlein, "Remote Authentication Dial-
              In User Service (RADIUS) Attributes Suboption for the
              Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Relay Agent
              Information Option", RFC 4014, DOI 10.17487/RFC4014,
              February 2005, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4014>.

   [RFC5176]  Chiba, M., Dommety, G., Eklund, M., Mitton, D., and B.
              Aboba, "Dynamic Authorization Extensions to Remote
              Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC 5176,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5176, January 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5176>.

   [RFC6614]  Winter, S., McCauley, M., Venaas, S., and K. Wierenga,
              "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Encryption for RADIUS",
              RFC 6614, DOI 10.17487/RFC6614, May 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6614>.

   [RFC6911]  Dec, W., Ed., Sarikaya, B., Zorn, G., Ed., Miles, D., and
              B. Lourdelet, "RADIUS Attributes for IPv6 Access
              Networks", RFC 6911, DOI 10.17487/RFC6911, April 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6911>.

   [RFC7037]  Yeh, L. and M. Boucadair, "RADIUS Option for the DHCPv6
              Relay Agent", RFC 7037, DOI 10.17487/RFC7037, October
              2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7037>.

   [RFC7858]  Hu, Z., Zhu, L., Heidemann, J., Mankin, A., Wessels, D.,
              and P. Hoffman, "Specification for DNS over Transport
              Layer Security (TLS)", RFC 7858, DOI 10.17487/RFC7858, May
              2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7858>.

   [RFC8484]  Hoffman, P. and P. McManus, "DNS Queries over HTTPS
              (DoH)", RFC 8484, DOI 10.17487/RFC8484, October 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8484>.

   [RFC8499]  Hoffman, P., Sullivan, A., and K. Fujiwara, "DNS
              Terminology", BCP 219, RFC 8499, DOI 10.17487/RFC8499,
              January 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8499>.

Authors' Addresses

   Mohamed Boucadair
   Orange
   Rennes  35000
   France

   Email: mohamed.boucadair@orange.com

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 14]
Internet-Draft          RADIUS for Encrypted DNS               June 2021

   Tirumaleswar Reddy
   McAfee, Inc.
   Embassy Golf Link Business Park
   Bangalore, Karnataka  560071
   India

   Email: kondtir@gmail.com

Boucadair & Reddy       Expires December 23, 2021              [Page 15]